• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.324-347
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• 2022

Geological information on the Korean Peninsula plays a significant role in science education because it provides a basic knowledge foundation for public use and creates an opportunity to learn about the nature of geology as a historical science. In particular, the Mesozoic Era, when the Korean Peninsula experienced a high degree of tectonic activity, is a pivotal period for understanding the geological history of the Korean Peninsula. This study aimed to analyze whether content regarding the geology of the Mesozoic Era are reliably and consistently presented in the 'Geology of the Korean Peninsula' section of Earth Science II textbooks based on the 2015 revised curriculum. Four textbooks for Earth Science II were analyzed, focusing on the sedimentary strata, tectonic movement, and granites of the Mesozoic Era. The analysis items were terms, periods, and rock distribution areas. The consistency within and among textbooks and of textbooks and scientific knowledge was analyzed for each analysis item. Various inconsistencies were found regarding the geological terms, periods, and rock distribution areas of the Mesozoic Era, and suggestions for its improvement were discussed based on these inconsistencies. It is essential to develop educational materials that are consistent with the latest scientific knowledge through collaboration between the scientific and educational communities.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.93-102
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• 1996

The Korean Peninsula is located on the east coast of monsoon Asia of the midlatitude, where the Pacific polar front moves. As a result variations of spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation occur. A great variation of precipitation during the summer months created frequent droughts and floods. The purpose of this study is to identify distributional characteristics and to analyze synopic characteristics of summer droughts in Korea. The research methods used are ; (1) to identify droughts based on the anomaly of monthly precipitation during summer of 1994. (2) to analyze correlations between drought and weather systems by using the calender of rain days. (3) to compare a synoptic mechanism of summer droughts with that of typical normal summer. The characteristics of summer droughts of 1994 may be summarized as follows ; 1) While most regions were affected by the droughts some regions displayed specific characteristics. The southern part of the Korean Peninsula was severely affected during the month of June. August droughts severely affected east part of the Sobek Mountains, thus showing that the droughts of June and August are highly localized. 2) In the pressure anomaly of surface field. the positive anomaly appears in June around Korean Peninsula, but in July when all parts of the South Korea were under severe droughts, the anomaly changes and becomes negative. 3) Extracyclones occurred less frequently in the summer of 1994. Those that did occur were located in areas far off the Korean Peninsula having little consequences on the drought patterns. 4) The trough of westerly wave at 500hPa height patterns in June is located far from the eastern sea of Korean Peninsula, but in July and August Korean Peninsula belongs to ridge of westerly wave. 5) In June the positive height anomaly at 500hPa surface appears zonally from Siberia to the western Parts of North Pacific Ocean, and in July and August, the strong positive anomaly appears around Korean Peninsula. As a result the zonal index of westerlies at during each month of summer in Korean sector has a large value, which in turn implies that drought will prevails when zonal flow is strong.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.287-298
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• 2020

It is predicted that future climate warming will occur, and the subtropical climate zone currently confined to the south coast of Korea will gradually rise north. The shift of climate zone implies a change in area for cultivating crops. This study aimed to evaluate the current and future status of climate zones based on the high-resolution climate data of South Korea to prepare adaptation measures for cultivating crops under changing agricultural climate conditions. First, the climatic maps of South and North Korea were produced by using the high-resolution monthly maximum and minimum daily temperature and monthly cumulative precipitation produced during the past 30 years (1981-2010) covering South and North Korea. Then the climate zones of the Korean Peninsula were classified based on the Köppen climate classification. Second, the changes in climate zones were predicted by using the corrected monthly climate data of the Korean Peninsula (grid resolution 30-270m) based on the RCP8.5 scenario of the Korea Meteorological Administration. Köppen climate classification was applied based on the RCP8.5 scenario, the temperature and precipitation of the Korean Peninsula would continue to increase and the climate would become simpler. It was predicted that the temperate climate, appearing in the southern region of Korea, would be gradually expanded and the most of the Korean Peninsula, excluding some areas of Hamgkyeong and Pyeongan provinces in North Korea, would be classified as a temperate climate zone between 2071 and 2100. The subarctic climate would retreat to the north and the Korean Peninsula would become warmer and wetter in general.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.1-24
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• 2016

Northeast Asia is changing rapidly, including becoming an increasingly important part of the world economy. Various logistical systems and networks are being established in this area, including South and North Korea, China, Japan, Russia, and Mongolia. Thus, a new systematic logistical network and development strategy is required. The division of the Korean peninsula has for a long time made the region ineffective in terms of land logistics. South Korea's connection to Eurasia is blocked by North Korea, which means it is essentially treated as an island. Furthermore, South Korea does not have an efficient logistics system or effective vision and strategy. Northeast Asia has the potential to be one of the largest economic communities in the world, similar to the EU and North America. Thus, a united Korea can play an important role as the land bridge of Northeast Asia and the logistical hub of the region. This study reviews the logistical position, tasks, and problems of the Korean peninsula and suggests a desirable development strategy and vision. Specifically, after examining the conditions for a land logistical system, focusing on railways, this study proposes several future-oriented development strategies and tactics that will position the peninsula as a logistical hub in Northeast Asia. We anticipate that this study will serve as the basis for future research that will investigate the topics presented here in more detail.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.385-396
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• 2014

Lately, more frequent typhoons cause extensive flood and wind damage throughout the summer season. In this respect, this study aims to develop a probabilistic clustering model that uses both typhoon genesis location and trajectories. The proposed model was applied to the 197 typhoon events that made landfall in the Korean peninsula from 1951 to 2012. We evaluate the performance of the proposed clustering model through a simulation study based on synthetic typhoon trajectories. The seven distinguished clusters for typhoons affecting Korean peninsula were identified. It was found that most of typhoon genesis originated from a remote position ($10^{\circ}{\sim}20^{\circ}N$, $120^{\circ}{\sim}150^{\circ}E$) near the Equator. Cluster, type B can be regarded as a major track due to the fact that its frequency is approximately about 25.4% out of 197 events and its direct association with strong positive rainfall anomalies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.697-705
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• 2020

This paper deals with an analysis of crustal movement for the sourthern part of Korean peninsula using GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) data. An earthquake of more than 5.0 occurred in the southeastern region of the Korean Peninsula, and it is necessary to evaluate the risk of earthquakes in various ways.In order to reveal long-term tectonic movement patten in Pohang and Gyeongju provinces, we derived crustal movement parameters related with elastic theory. We used GAMIT/GLOBK for analyzing seven-year interval GNSS data of CORS (Continuously Operating Reference Stations). The azimuth of velocity vectors trended generally about 110° with an mean magnitude of 31mm/yr.The main characteristics of the strain change for seven-year in Korea obtaind from our study. Direction of the principal axis of the maximum compression is ENE-WSW as a whole, through there are some exceptions. The mean rate of the maximum shear strain change is (0.11±0.07)μ/yr, that is approximately one third that of Chubu district, Central Japan. Taking into account our results, the mean rate of maximum shear in southern part of Korean peninsula is considered as reasonable. The mean azimuth of principal strain is about (85.4°±26.8°). There are some exceptions of azimuth because the average azimuth differ from the left and right side in Yangsan fault which are about (73.2°±21.5°) and (105.2°±17.0°) respectively, It is noteworthy that the high seismicity areas in the southern part of Korea peninsula almost coincides with the area of large strain rate. As a conclusion, it could be stated that the our study represents the characteristics of crustal deformation in the southern part of peninsula, and contributes to the researches on earthquake disaster management.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.3-20
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• 1987

With regard to the Quaternary formations in the Korean Peninsula, very few studies have been done specially from a stratigraphic viewpoint. The alluvial sediments filling in the valleys have often been considered as the only formation of Quaternary age (more precisely of the Holocone) and so the Pleistocene was regarded as an erosional or nondepositional episode. This is apparently evident from a quick look at the general geological maps of the Peninsula, which show a lithological sequence of Mesozoic or Paleozoic substrata immediately overlain by Holocene alluvium. Likewise, the Pleistocene period was described in terms of unconformity in most local or regional stratigraphical successions of the Peninsula. Recently several different types of Quaternary formation, besides the so-called Holocene alluvium in the valley plain have been found around the Peninsula. They consist of coastal deposits, marine or fluviatile terrace deposits, ancient valley fill deposits or slope deposits. Some parts of the volcanic sediments in Jeju Is. are also known as the Quaternary sequence. Thus the Quaternary deposits in the Peninsula are far more developed than previously known to gelolgists. Moreover the importance of Quaternary research became recently apparent in Korea due to the shortage of raw materials and to the policy of an optimum land-use. Advanced constructions and land reclamation have required more precise engineering parameters of loose materials and an estimation of land stability. This does not imply only the engineering, or the structural properties of the loose material, but at the same time the basic study of the sediments from the stratigraphical and environmental viewpoints has been necessary. In this connection, Quaternary outcrops specially along the coastal fringe of the Peninsula have been mapped, profiled and sampled for sedimentological, clay-mineralogical and palaeomagnetic studies. All these results are compiled for the core of the Quaternary stratigraphy of the Peninsula.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.771-772
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• 2016

The paper is the basic study on the investigation that MSAS system can be usable around Korean Peninsula. The general issues of DGNSS were mostly investigated referred to previous published materials. And it is verified that the sufficient GPS satellites, which are more than 4 satellites, for positioning using MSAS service are available around Korean Peninsula.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.124-131
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• 2005

A GDS (Geomagnetic Depth Sounding) method, one of extremely low-frequency EM methods, has been carried out to examine deep geo-electrical structures of the Korean peninsula. In this study, five additive GDS sites acquired in south-eastern area of the Korea were integrated into twelve previous GDS results. In addition, 3-D MT modeling considering the surrounding seas of the Korean peninsula was performed to evaluate sea effect at each GDS site quantitatively. As a result, Observed real induction arrows was not explained by solely sea effect, two conductive structures that are able to explain differences between observed and calculated induction arrows, was suggested. The first conductive structure is the Imjingang Belt, which is thought as a extension of Quiling-Dabie-sulu continental collision belt. The effects of the Imjingang Belt clearly appear at YIN and ICHN sites. The second one is the HCL (Highly Conductive Layer), which is considered as a conductive anomaly by mantle upwelling generated in back-basin region. The effects of the HCL are also confirmed at KZU, KMT101, 107 sites, in the south-eastern of the Korean peninsula.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1999

Using the microearthquake data acquired from 1995 to 1996 through the seismic network operated by the Korea Institute of Geology, Mining & Materials (KIGAM), the three P-wave velocity models proposed by Lee (1979), Kim·Kim (1983) and Kim·Jung (1985) concerning the structure of the southeastern part of the Korean peninsula were examined in terms of the least square errors of the P-wave arrival times. The three models do not differ significantly in arrival time residuals except that the Lee's model gives slightly deeper focuses than the others. The layering of the crust of the peninsula is not clear as yet and to be studied by more earthquake and explosion data in the future.