• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.59-88
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• 2008

Digital Convergence means integration between industry, technology, and contents, and in marketing, it usually comes with creation of new types of product and service under the base of digital technology as digitalization progress in electro-communication industries including telecommunication, home appliance, and computer industries. One can see digital convergence not only in instruments such as PC, AV appliances, cellular phone, but also in contents, network, service that are required in production, modification, distribution, re-production of information. Convergence in contents started around 1990. Convergence in network and service begins as broadcasting and telecommunication integrates and DMB(digital multimedia broadcasting), born in May, 2005 is the symbolic icon in this trend. There are some positive and negative expectations about DMB. The reason why two opposite expectations exist is that DMB does not come out from customer's need but from technology development. Therefore, customers might have hard time to interpret the real meaning of DMB. Time is quite critical to a high tech product, like DMB because another product with same function from different technology can replace the existing product within short period of time. If DMB does not positioning well to customer's mind quickly, another products like Wibro, IPTV, or HSPDA could replace it before it even spreads out. Therefore, positioning strategy is critical for success of DMB product. To make correct positioning strategy, one needs to understand how consumer interprets DMB and how consumer's interpretation can be changed via communication strategy. In this study, we try to investigate how consumer perceives a new product, like DMB and how AD strategy change consumer's perception. More specifically, the paper segment consumers into sub-groups based on their DMB perceptions and compare their characteristics in order to understand how they perceive DMB. And, expose them different printed ADs that have messages guiding consumer think DMB in specific ways, either cellular phone or personal TV. Research Question 1: Segment consumers according to perceptions about DMB and compare characteristics of segmentations. Research Question 2: Compare perceptions about DMB after AD that induces categorization of DMB in direction for each segment. If one understand and predict a direction in which consumer perceive a new product, firm can select target customers easily. We segment consumers according to their perception and analyze characteristics in order to find some variables that can influence perceptions, like prior experience, usage, or habit. And then, marketing people can use this variables to identify target customers and predict their perceptions. If one knows how customer's perception is changed via AD message, communication strategy could be constructed properly. Specially, information from segmented customers helps to develop efficient AD strategy for segment who has prior perception. Research framework consists of two measurements and one treatment, O1 X O2. First observation is for collecting information about consumer's perception and their characteristics. Based on first observation, the paper segment consumers into two groups, one group perceives DMB similar to Cellular phone and the other group perceives DMB similar to TV. And compare characteristics of two segments in order to find reason why they perceive DMB differently. Next, we expose two kinds of AD to subjects. One AD describes DMB as Cellular phone and the other Ad describes DMB as personal TV. When two ADs are exposed to subjects, consumers don't know their prior perception of DMB, in other words, which subject belongs 'similar-to-Cellular phone' segment or 'similar-to-TV' segment? However, we analyze the AD's effect differently for each segment. In research design, final observation is for investigating AD effect. Perception before AD is compared with perception after AD. Comparisons are made for each segment and for each AD. For the segment who perceives DMB similar to TV, AD that describes DMB as cellular phone could change the prior perception. And AD that describes DMB as personal TV, could enforce the prior perception. For data collection, subjects are selected from undergraduate students because they have basic knowledge about most digital equipments and have open attitude about a new product and media. Total number of subjects is 240. In order to measure perception about DMB, we use indirect measurement, comparison with other similar digital products. To select similar digital products, we pre-survey students and then finally select PDA, Car-TV, Cellular Phone, MP3 player, TV, and PSP. Quasi experiment is done at several classes under instructor's allowance. After brief introduction, prior knowledge, awareness, and usage about DMB as well as other digital instruments is asked and their similarities and perceived characteristics are measured. And then, two kinds of manipulated color-printed AD are distributed and similarities and perceived characteristics for DMB are re-measured. Finally purchase intension, AD attitude, manipulation check, and demographic variables are asked. Subjects are given small gift for participation. Stimuli are color-printed advertising. Their actual size is A4 and made after several pre-test from AD professionals and students. As results, consumers are segmented into two subgroups based on their perceptions of DMB. Similarity measure between DMB and cellular phone and similarity measure between DMB and TV are used to classify consumers. If subject whose first measure is less than the second measure, she is classified into segment A and segment A is characterized as they perceive DMB like TV. Otherwise, they are classified as segment B, who perceives DMB like cellular phone. Discriminant analysis on these groups with their characteristics of usage and attitude shows that Segment A knows much about DMB and uses a lot of digital instrument. Segment B, who thinks DMB as cellular phone doesn't know well about DMB and not familiar with other digital instruments. So, consumers with higher knowledge perceive DMB similar to TV because launching DMB advertising lead consumer think DMB as TV. Consumers with less interest on digital products don't know well about DMB AD and then think DMB as cellular phone. In order to investigate perceptions of DMB as well as other digital instruments, we apply Proxscal analysis, Multidimensional Scaling technique at SPSS statistical package. At first step, subjects are presented 21 pairs of 7 digital instruments and evaluate similarity judgments on 7 point scale. And for each segment, their similarity judgments are averaged and similarity matrix is made. Secondly, Proxscal analysis of segment A and B are done. At third stage, get similarity judgment between DMB and other digital instruments after AD exposure. Lastly, similarity judgments of group A-1, A-2, B-1, and B-2 are named as 'after DMB' and put them into matrix made at the first stage. Then apply Proxscal analysis on these matrixes and check the positional difference of DMB and after DMB. The results show that map of segment A, who perceives DMB similar as TV, shows that DMB position closer to TV than to Cellular phone as expected. Map of segment B, who perceive DMB similar as cellular phone shows that DMB position closer to Cellular phone than to TV as expected. Stress value and R-square is acceptable. And, change results after stimuli, manipulated Advertising show that AD makes DMB perception bent toward Cellular phone when Cellular phone-like AD is exposed, and that DMB positioning move towards Car-TV which is more personalized one when TV-like AD is exposed. It is true for both segment, A and B, consistently. Furthermore, the paper apply correspondence analysis to the same data and find almost the same results. The paper answers two main research questions. The first one is that perception about a new product is made mainly from prior experience. And the second one is that AD is effective in changing and enforcing perception. In addition to above, we extend perception change to purchase intention. Purchase intention is high when AD enforces original perception. AD that shows DMB like TV makes worst intention. This paper has limitations and issues to be pursed in near future. Methodologically, current methodology can't provide statistical test on the perceptual change, since classical MDS models, like Proxscal and correspondence analysis are not probability models. So, a new probability MDS model for testing hypothesis about configuration needs to be developed. Next, advertising message needs to be developed more rigorously from theoretical and managerial perspective. Also experimental procedure could be improved for more realistic data collection. For example, web-based experiment and real product stimuli and multimedia presentation could be employed. Or, one can display products together in simulated shop. In addition, demand and social desirability threats of internal validity could influence on the results. In order to handle the threats, results of the model-intended advertising and other "pseudo" advertising could be compared. Furthermore, one can try various level of innovativeness in order to check whether it make any different results (cf. Moon 2006). In addition, if one can create hypothetical product that is really innovative and new for research, it helps to make a vacant impression status and then to study how to form impression in more rigorous way.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.65-106
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• 1986

1, The Purpose of Study This is a study on the Evaluation of the operating of Fisheries Extension Services of Korea, for performing the activities such as guiding fisheries technique as well as offering industrial information to the fishermen in fishing village. By doing so, the Fisheries Extension Sevices(FES) can materialize the continued growth of fisheries, the social and economic development of fishing village, and the increase in income by enhancing the knowledge level of Fishermen, etc. In performing fisheries policy, this activity plays a great role on the research and development activity, and it has become practical since 1976 in Korea. In order to meet immediately with the problem of fisheries technical innovation and rapid environmental changes surrounding the fisheries, the fishermen should not only enhance their scientific and comprehensive capacity in fisheries technique but abtain various effective information. Generally, as most of all the fishemen are poor in the managerial structure and scattered in fishing villages, they have little opportunity in the contact of information. As a result, it is nessessary for the FES to perform the fishing business by the extension service officials who has received special training and acquired fisheries know-how in these fields. And yet, FES is under the unfullfilled circumstance in such factors as manpower, technical know-how, equipment, and the service system etc., which is required in promoting the social, economic development of fishing village and in resolving the high technique demand of fisherman. This study on the fisheries extension services have been studied from those backgrounds. 2. Research Method The data of collecting methods which were necessary in carrying out this study was adopted by the questionaire research on the present extension service activity, through the subject of the extension services (driving agency of the work and the officials), the object(fishemen) and the 3rd observers to the extension services (the authorities concerned). The research sample was taken by the sampling extraction of total 1, 774 men from the above 3 groups. And the research was carried out from August, 1986 to October, 1986, supported from the Fisheries Extension Office (FEO) located in field during the research process. In this study, the levels of the extension operating were determined and estimated in accordance with the extension service method, morale of extension service officials and the extension service system, etc. through the collected data of the research questionaire paper. And based on this result, the essential conditions of the extension services were grasped, and also we tried to present the various activity plan necessary to promote the operating of the extension services. The questionaire research data was calculated by the computer center of National Fisheries University of Pusan, and the total result was again tried on the one demension analysis along with two dimension analysis to search out the relativity between the questionaire, and the statistical test was done $\chi$$^2$test in significance level of l~5%. 3. Contents of Study This study consists of 7 chapters and the contents are as follows : Chapter I : The object and method of the study Chapter II : The assessment and analysis of the extension services Chapter III : The contents and method of the extension services Chapter IV : Analysis of the essential conditions for the extension services Chapter V : The evaluation of activities of extension services Chapter Ⅵ : Conclusion.4. Results and RecommendationTherefore, the results of this study estimated by logical process and analysis are as follows : 1) Most of Korean fishing villages and coastal fishermen have shown much concerns about fisheries technique and social changes, thus many of them were confronted with new problems on how to adapt and to meet changes. 2) Majority of fishermen estimated FEO as an organization of specific technologies with all the thing concerning the fisheries technique in general. Therefore the fishermen wanted to utilize the FEO as an adaptable method for the modern fisheries techniques as well as the environmental changes. 3) In contrast with the fast changes of the fisheries technique, the complexity and variety of technical system and the broadness of fishing village and fishermen, it was revealed that the necessary factors such as the facilities, manpower, budget, and the level of applying techniques of the FEO located in field were highly insufficient. Accordingly, the guiding efficiency was low and the extension services did not provide full solution to the various request from fishermen. 4) It is possible to classify the activation factor for the extension service into two large dimension ; personal dimension relevant to guidance officials and work dimension relevant to the organization. And it was found that the activation level of the work dimension was far lower than the personal dimension between them. So, the activation should be done first in the dimesion to promote the activation of the extension services. 5) The extension services officials are now demoralized in general, thus it is necessary to take reality into consideration : the expense of activity, the adequate endowment of activity scope and the reasonable operation of the position class, etc to enhance its morale. However, in order to do the FES activation, first of all, the systems should be established which is lain unsettled stage until now. And there must be change in the understanding of government i.e. the fisheries extension services are the essential policy subject to build up the base of fisheries growth and modernize the fisheries management. And it should be driven positively with the recognition of the "lasting project".g project".uot;.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.124-134
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• 2000

건설 프로젝트 수행에서 설계정보는 실제 건축물에 대한 정확한 정보가 반영된 체계적인 모델로 구축하여 프로젝트 전 단계에서 적용할 수 있어야 한다. 하지만 3차원 기반의 도면과 관련 문서에 대한 파일 관리 위주의 시스템은 발주자 및 설계자의 의도를 명확하게 표현하고 전달하기 어려울 뿐만 아니라 단순기능위주, 방대자료의 정리 부족, 축적된 정보와 실행정보의 공유 및 교환이 미비한 수준이다. 반면, 제반 환경의 변화와 기술의 발전 속도는 관련 사용자들이 적응하기 어려울 정도로 급변하고 있다. CAD 기술의 발전은 기존의 2차원 도면 위주에서 3차원 모델기능의 확대와 발전으로 많은 설계정보를 CAD를 통해 표현하고 기타 관련정보와 연계할 수 있는 CAD시스템들이 등장하고 있다. 그러나 아직까지 현시점에서 설계관련 모든 정보를 3차원 모델을 통해 나타내는 것은 매우 어려우며 많은 시간과 비용을 필요로 하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기존 3차원 도면 및 시방서 위주의 시스템에서 3차원 모델기반의 설계정보관리 시스템으로의 전환기 시점에 초점을 두고 3차원 모델기반 시스템으로의 완전한 전환이 아닌 3차원과 3차원 기반 시스템의 공존을 통한 전환에 그 초점을 두고 있다. 다시 말해 2차원 도면과 3차원 모델의 통합을 통한 혼합된 형태의 2차원 및 3차원 설계정보관리시스템의 모델을 제시하고자 하며, 이를 통해 객체기반 설계 및 시방서 정보 통합관리시스템을 개발하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 본 연구에서는 3차원 도면 및 시방서 정보를 통합하여 3차원 객체 기반의 설계정보로 표현하기 어려운 부분을 보완하고, 3차원 정보를 효과적으로 활용할 수 있도록 관련 업무를 분석하고, 관리 모델을 구축하여, 이를 기반으로 한 설계도면 및 시방서 통합관리 시스템을 구축하였다.

• 감성과학
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.541-550
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 P300-기반 숨긴정보검사(P300 CIT)에서 검사자극들 간의 물리적 유사성이 P300 진폭과 검사의 효율성에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 사고를 당하여 자신의 이름을 기억하지 못한다고 허위로 주장하는 허위기억상실을 가정한 상황에서, 실험참여자의 이름을 숨긴정보(관련자극)로 사용하여 P300 CIT를 실시하였다. 이 검사에서 실험참여자의 과제는 목표자극과 나머지 자극을 변별하는 것이었다. 한 집단의 실험참여자들은 목표자극과 관련자극, 무관련자극들 간의 물리적 유사성이 낮은 조건(저난도 조건)에서 검사를 받았으며, 다른 한 집단의 실험참여자들은 검사자극들 간의 물리적 유사성이 높은 조건(고난도 조건)에서 검사를 받았다. 기저선-정점 P300 진폭을 측정치로 사용한 경우, 난이도 조건과 자극유형의 상호작용효과가 $\alpha$=.10 수준에서 유의하였다(p=.052). 저난도 조건에서는 관련자극과 무관련자극 간의 P300 진폭차이가 유의하였으며, 고난도 조건에서는 관련자극과 무관련자극 간의 P300 진폭차이가 유의하지 않았다. 정점-정점 P300 진폭을 측정치로 사용한 경우, 난이도 조건과 자극유형의 상호작용효과가 유의하지 않았으며, 저난도 조건과 고난도 조건 모두에서 관련자극과 무관련자극간의 P300 진폭차이가 유의하였다. 기저선-정점 P300 진폭을 이용한 개인별 판단결과, 저난도 조건과 고난도 조건 간의 정확판단율 차이가 유의하지 않았으며, 정점-정점 P300 진폭을 이용한 개인별 판단결과도 저난도 조건과 고난도 조건 간의 정확판단율 차이가 유의하지 않았다. 그러나, 난이도 조건 간의 정확판단율 차이가 기저선-정점 P300 진폭을 이용한 경우보다 정점-정점 P300 진폭을 이용한 경우에 더 작은 경향이 있었다. 이러한 결과는 검사자극들 간의 물리적 유사성이 높을 때에도 P300 CIT의 효율성이 크게 감소하지 않는다는 것을 의미한다.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.275-285
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• 2010

2009년 말 기준의 국내 해양시설 신고 현황을 지역별 및 시설 종류별로 분석하고 국가차원의 관리방안을 제안하였다. 여수청에 신고한 시설이 8가지 종류로 가장 다양하였으나 포항청, 대산청 및 제주해양관리단에 신고한 시설이 각각 3가지 종류에 불과하였다. 기름 및 유해액체물질 저장시설은 모든 지방청의 신고 실적이 있고 시설의 수도 가장 많은 종류이며, 여수청과 마산청이 각 38개소로 공동 1위를, 평택청이 11개소로 최하위를 차지하였다. 오염물질저장시설은 마산청이 4개소, 동해청과 목포청이 각 2개소, 여수청, 군산청 및 평택청이 각 1개소였으며 나머지 지방청에는 신고 실적이 없었다. 선박건조 수리 해체시설은 모든 지방청의 신고 실적이 있는 종류이며, 전국 시설(조선소)의 45%가 마산청과 부산청 관할의 남해 동부해역에 집중되었다. 하역시설은 부산청과 목포청이 각 3개소, 대산청이 1개소였으며 나머지 지방청은 신고 실적이 없었다. 폐기물저장시설은 울산청이 5개소, 군산청이 4개소, 인천청이 2개소, 여수청이 1개소였으며 나머지 지방청에는 신고 실적이 없었다. 취수 배수시설은 전국의 65%가 포항지역과 목포지역에 집중되었고, 유어장은 전국의 78%가 마산지역에 집중되었다. 그 밖의 시설은 동해청이 4개소, 마산청이 3개소, 여수청과 평택청이 각 2개소, 인천청과 울산청이 각 1개소였으며 나머지 지방청에는 신고 실적이 없었다. 종합해양과학기지는 제주해양관리단이 3개소, 여수청, 울산청 및 군산청 각각 1개소였으나 나머지 지방청에는 신고 실적이 없었다. 해양시설에 대한 국가차원의 관리방안으로는 지방청별 여건을 고려한 관리, 시설 종류별 특성을 고려한 관리, 관계 법령 및 규정의 개정, 해양시설 종류별 이행사항 숙지 및 준수, 국가적 견지의 적극적 관리조치 등을 제안하였다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.322-331
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• 2003

3차원 게임은 게임 시나리오의 다양한 요소에 의한 복잡도가 증가함에 따라 게임 객체들의 상호 관계를 제어하기 위한 문제점을 가진다. 그러므로, 게임 시스템은 각 게임 객체들의 응답을 조정하는 방법의 필요성을 가진다. 또한, 게임 시나리오의 결과에 따라 게임 객체들의 행동 애니메이션을 제어하기 위한 개념들도 필요하다. 사실적 게임 시뮬레이션을 생성하기 위해 시스템은 게임 객체들의 상호작용을 디자인 할 수 있는 구조를 포함해야 한다. 본 논문에서 게임 시나리오상에 게임 객체들의 상호작용 설계를 위해 동적 제어를 디자인하는 기법을 소개한다. 이 방법을 위해 특정 규칙을 이용한 의사결정이 가능한 지능적 에이전트 기반 구조로써 게임 에이전트 시스템을 제안한다. 게임 에이전트 시스템은 환경 데이터 처리, 게임 객체 시뮬레이션, 게임 객체들간의 상호작용 제어, 게임 객체들의 다양한 상호 관계를 정의할수 있는 시각 저작 인터페이스를 제공하기 위해 이용되어진다. 이들 기술들은 게임 객체의 자율성과 연관된 충돌 회피 기법 등을 처리한다. 또한, 장면의 변경으로부터 게임 객체들의 일관된 의사 결정력을 가능하게 한다. 본 논문에서는 규칙기반 행동 제어가 게임 객체의 시뮬레이션을 안내하기 위해 디자인되어졌다. 시각적 요소들로 구성된 에이전트 상태 결정 네트워크는 정보전달과 게임 객체들 사이의 현상태를 추론할 수 있다. 이들 기법들은 실시간으로 게임 객체들간의 동작 상태 변이를 체크하고 모니터링 할 수 있다. 마지막으로 간단한 사례 연구 예와 함께 제어 기법의 타당성을 제시한다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.241-254
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• 2011

Support vector machines(SVM)은 비교적 최근에 등장한 데이터마이닝 기법이지만, 재무, CRM 등의 경영학 분야에서 많이 연구되고 있다. SVM은 인공신경망과 필적할 만큼의 예측 정확도를 보이는 사례가 많았지만, 암상자로 불리는 인공신경망 모형에 비해 구축된 예측모형의 구조를 이해하기 쉽고, 인공신경망에 비해 과도적합의 가능성이 적어서 적은 수의 데이터에서도 적용 가능하다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 하지만, 일반적인 SVM을 이용하려면, 인공신경망과 마찬가지로 여러 가지 설계요소들을 설계자가 선택하여야 하기 때문에 임의성이 높고, 국부 최적해에 수렴할 가능성도 크다. 또한, 많은 수의 데이터가 존재하는 경우에는 데이터를 분석하고 이용하는데 시간이 소요되고, 종종 잡음이 심한 데이터가 포함된 경우에는 기대하는 수준의 예측성과를 얻지 못할 가능성이 있다. 본 연구에서는 일반적인 SVM의 장점을 그대로 유지하면서, 전술한 두 가지 단점을 보완한 새로운 SVM 모형을 제안한다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 모형은 사례선택기법을 일반적인 SVM에 융합한 것으로 대용량의 데이터에서 예측에 불필요한 데이터를 선별적으로 제거하여 예측의 정확도와 속도를 제고할 수 있는 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 잡음이 많고 예측이 어려운 것으로 알려진 재무 데이터를 활용하여 제안 모형의 유용성을 확인하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.4517-4525
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• 2016

Background: Sperm DNA damage is underlying aetiology of poor implantation and pregnancy rates but also affects health of offspring and may also result in denovo mutations in germ line and post fertilization. This may result in complex diseases, polygenic disorders and childhood cancers. Childhood cancer like retinoblastoma (RB) is more prevalent in developing countries and the incidence of RB has increased more than three fold in India in the last decade. Recent studies have documented increased incidence of cancers in children born to fathers who consume alcohol in excess and tobacco or who were conceived by assisted conception. The aetiology of childhood cancer and increased disease burden in these children is lin ked to oxidative stress (OS) and oxidative DNA damage( ODD) in sperm of their fathers. Though several antioxidants are in use to combat oxidative stress, the effect of majority of these formulations on DNA is not known. Yoga and meditation cause significant decline in OS and ODD and aid in regulating OS levels such that reactive oxygen speues meditated signal transduction, gene expression and several other physiological functions are not disrupted. Thus, this study aimed to analyze sperm ODD as a possible etiological factor in childhood cancer and role of simple life style interventions like yoga and meditation in significantly decreasing seminal oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage and thereby decreasing incidence of childhood cancers. Materials and Methods: A total of 131 fathers of children with RB (non-familial sporadic heritable) and 50 controls (fathers of healthy children) were recruited at a tertiary center in India. Sperm parameters as per WHO 2010 guidelines and reactive oxygen species (ROS), DNA fragmentation index (DFI), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxy guanosine (8-OHdG) and telomere length were estimated at day 0, and after 3 and 6 months of intervention. We also examined the compliance with yoga and meditation practice and smoking status at each follow-up. Results: The seminal mean ROS levels (p<0.05), sperm DFI (p<0.001), 8-OHdG (p<0.01) levels were significantly higher in fathers of children with RB, as compared to controls and the relative mean telomere length in the sperm was shorter. Levels of ROS were significantly reduced in tobacco users (p<0.05) as well as in alcoholics (p<0.05) after intervention. DFI reduced significantly (p<0.05) after 6 months of yoga and meditation practice in all groups. The levels of oxidative DNA damage marker 8-OHdG were reduced significantly after 3 months (p<0.05) and 6 months (p<0.05) of practice. Conclusions: Our results suggest that OS and ODD DNA may contribute to the development of childhood cancer. This may be due to accumulation of oxidized mutagenic base 8OHdG, and elevated MDA levels which results in MDA dimers which are also mutagenic, aberrant methylation pattern, altered gene expression which affect cell proliferation and survival through activation of transcription factors. Increased mt DNA mutations and aberrant repair of mt and nuclear DNA due to highly truncatred DNA repair mechanisms all contribute to sperm genome hypermutability and persistant oxidative DNA damage. Oxidative stress is also associated with genome wide hypomethylation, telomere shortening and mitochondrial dysfunction leading to genome hypermutability and instability. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report decline in OS and ODD and improvement in sperm DNA integrity following adoption of meditation and yoga based life style modification.This may reduce disease burden in next generation and reduce incidence of childhood cancers.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.240-246
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• 2020

본 연구는 백우 품종 육성을 위해 분자생물학적 방법을 이용하여 유전적 특성을 파악하고 백우 품종을 식별하기 위한 백우 품종 특이적인 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) 마커를 개발하기 위해 수행되었다. 한우 48두와 백우 22두의 혈액에서 추출된 DNA를 이용하여 Illumina Bovine HD 777K SNP chip으로 SNP genotyping을 실시하였다. 각 SNP의 Minor Allele Frequency (MAF) difference (한우와 백우의 차이 절대값)을 계산하고, Fisher's Exact test (Genotype)을 통해 MAF difference의 통계적 유의성(P-value)을 계산하였다. 품종 별 차이를 나타낼 수 있는 마커를 선발기준으로 MAF difference가 100%의 차이를 나타내는 SNP를 식별하였다. 이러한 유전적 차이를 보이는 9개의 단일염기다형성 마커(rs42125585, rs42125591, rs42125833, rs109461720, rs134735704, rs109447299, rs42164846, rs42160000 및 rs137353829)가 선발되었다. 선발된 마커들은 한우와 백우 특이적인 대립유전자를 가지고 서로 다른 대립유전자를 나타내고 있다. 이들 9개의 SNP 마커들을 이용하여 한우와 백우의 품종을 식별할 수 있음을 확인하였고, 이러한 결과들을 바탕으로 백우 품종 식별 마커 특허를 등록하였다. 백우는 원종인 한우에서 분리되어 한국재래종의 특성을 잘 나타내 주는 계통으로, 이러한 백우가 가지고 있는 유전적 특성 연구는 백우를 식별하고 품종으로서 육종하는데 사용되어 종축으로서의 가치 증진을 위한 기반 연구가 될 것으로 생각된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2014

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)는 항산화 제어반응, 심근세포 성장, 및 세포 내 특수반응 뿐만 아니라 세포분화, 생장, 운동, 식균 및 내항작용, 세포 골격유지에 관여하는 등 세포 신호체계에서 핵심 역할을 하는 효소이다. PI3K는 세 그룹으로 나누어지며 type I PI3K는 leukocyte에서 우선적으로 발현되고 G-proteins의 ${\beta}{\gamma}$ subunits에 의해서 활성화 된다. 본 연구에서는 넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 $PI3K{\gamma}$를 암호화하는 cDNA를 클로닝하였다. 넙치의 $PI3K{\gamma}$는 1,341 bp 염기로 구성되는 한 개의 ORF를 가지며 이 단백질은 447 아미노산으로 구성되어있다. $PI3K{\gamma}$는 zebrafish의 $PI3K{\gamma}$와 89.6%, mouse와는 84.7%, Norway rat와는 84%, human의 $PI3K{\gamma}$와는 74.9%가 아미노산 상동성을 나타내었다. $PI3K{\gamma}$유전자의 대장균에서 발현을 위하여 pET-44a(+)-PI3K 재조합 DNA를 구축하여 대장균에서 발현시킨 결과 49 kDa의 재조합 단백질이 과발현 됨을 확인 할 수 있었다. His-tag affinity chromatography를 이용하여 $PI3K{\gamma}$단백질을 순순 분리하였으며 wortmannin을 이용하여 $PI3K{\gamma}$의 활성을 분석하였다.