• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 1988

The survey was carried out to obtain some fundmental data to improve the dietary life and to establish the nutritonal education and policy on inhabitants limed in isle area near by demilitarized zone in Korea. For this, 33 families in the area of Kyodong island located at Kanghwa-Gun, Kyungki province were randomly selected. Trained surveyors visited each house to survey the food and nutritional status in summer during 3 days in August, 1987. The results are summarized as follows ; The number of foods they were taking totalled 17 categories and 134 kinds of which 104 kinds were vegetable foods. The average amount of food intake was 1465.3g per person per day, animal food occupied 9.6% only. The intake amount of fruit among vegetable foods, and fishes, shells, milk and eggs among animal foods was lower than the national average. Each proportion of carbohydrates fat and protein to the total energy intake was 70.4%, 9.7% and 19.9%. The foods they used to take a lot were rice, potatoes. cucumbers, cabbage KIMCHIE and YULMOO KIMCHIE in order of their intake amount. The energy intake was 3064 Kcal which is higher than nutritional requirements, and the energy ratio of cereals to the total energy in take is 76%. If the amount of fat intake is fixed to 20% of total energy intake, the amount of fat intake is 68g, but the actual amount of fat intake was only 33g. With an increase of total energy intake, supply of calcium and vitamin A should be increased much more.

• Journal of Microbiology
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.106-112
• /
• 2006

In this study, the genetic diversities of multi-resistant Salmonella typhimurium (ST) isolates were analyzed via the application of both pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis methods, using 6 kinds of primers (REP, ERIC, SERE, BOX, P-1254 and OPB-17). And their discriminative abilities (DA) were also compared in order to determine the most effective and reliable analysis method. 118 S. typhimurium isolates, cultured from diverse animals and human patients in Korea beginning in 1993, were analyzed and subjected to a comparison of Simpson's index of diversity (SID), using both PFGE and PCR methods. PFGE by XbaI enzyme digestion allowed for discrimination into 9 pulsotypes, with high SID values (0.991) on the genomic DNA level. This shows that PFGE is a very discriminative genotypic tool, and also that multiple clones of S. typhimurium isolates had existed in domestic animals and humans in Korea since 1993. However, we could ultimately not to trace the definitive sources or animal reservoirs of specific S. typhimurium isolates examined in this study. Depending on the SID values, the combined method (7 kinds of method) was found to be the most discriminative method, followed by (in order) SERE-PCR, REP-PCR, ERIC-PCR, PFGE & OPB-17 (RAPD), P-1254 (RAPD), and BOX-PCR at the $80\%$ clone cut-off value. This finding suggests that the REP-PCR method (which utilizes 4 primer types) may be an alternative tool to PFGE for the genotyping of S. typhimurium isolates, with comparable cost, time, and labor requirement. The establishment of a highly reliable and discriminatory method for epidemiologic analysis is considered necessary in order for researchers to trace the sources of specific pathogens and, consequently, to control and prevent the spread of epidemic S. typhimurium isolates to humans.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.167-176
• /
• 2008

Galectins are a group of animal lectins consisting of galectin-type carbohydrate recognition domains (CRD) with relatively minor domains. The biological properties of galectins include the regulation of inflammation, intercellular adhesion, cell differentiation and cell death. The diverse kinds of galectin suggest variety in their biological roles. Galectin-1 is released during adipocyte differentiation and is associated with fat which is one of the important factors for meat quality. To verify expression level, a 0.5 kb clone of galectin-1 was obtained from cDNA prepared from back fat tissue of a Sancheong Berkshire pig with good quality meat, and the galectin-1 gene identified. The deduced amino acid sequence of the galectin-1 gene was compared with those obtained from other species. By using RT-PCR and Real time-PCR, an attempt was made to determine the expression level of galectin-1 and to compare with various tissues (tenderloin and back fat) taken from pigs in different groups. Grouping of pigs was based on growth-stage (weighing 60, 80, and 110 kg) and the sub-speciation (Yorkshire and Sancheong Berkshire pigs). We attempted to determine influences of pig species, growth stages and tissue variations on the expression level of the galectin-l gene and it was revealed that the expression pattern of the galectin-1 gene was significantly different (p<0.01 or p<0.05). Galectin-1 genes were expressed more highly in the back fat tissues of pigs weighing 110 kg than in those weighing 60 kg or 80 kg. However, the lowest expression was seen in the tenderloin tissues of pigs weighing 110 kg. Sancheong Berkshire pigs showed higher expression of the galectin-1 gene compared to Yorkshire pigs. Accordingly, it is considered that the expression pattern of the galectin-1 gene influences the growth of back fat tissues and the pig speciation relationship. Previous studies suggested that different expression of galectin-1 genes represents variety among the breeds and is closely related to fat tissue growth, conjugation and catabolism. Further, this study suggests that the expression of galectin-1 at a specific growth stage and tissue contributes significantly to the overall meat quality of Sancheong Berkshire pigs.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제50권6호
• /
• pp.799-806
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 산란계에 있어 오전오후 사료 분리급여를 위한 실용적 방법을 모색하고자 고칼슘수준(칼슘 3.7%) 사료와 저칼슘사료(칼슘 0.3%) 2가지 기초사료에 석회석을 정확히 칭량한 후 배합사료 위에 고루 뿌려 주면서 0, 10g 및 20g씩을 각각 급여하여 산란생산성 및 계란품질에 미치는 효과를 구명하였다. 시험 전기간 동안 산란율, 난중 및 1일 산란량에서는 처리구간 유의적 차이는 나타나지 않았으나 시험 기간이 지나면서 칼슘 3.7% 수준에서 석회석을 10g 추가 급여한 처리구와 무칼슘 사료에 칼슘 10g 별도 급여 처리구에서 산란율이 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 칼슘 및 석회석 섭취량은 공급수준이 증가할수록 증가하는 것으로 나타났는데 고칼슘 급여구가 저칼슘에 비하여 다소 낮은 경향을 보였다. 난각강도 및 난각두께는 석회석을 추가 급여한 처리구에서 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 혈액 생화학분석에서 glucose는 관행수준 칼슘급여량이 칼슘 추가 급여구에 비하여 높은 수준을 보였다(P<0.05). Total protein은 고칼슘 급여구가 상대적으로 높은 수준을 보였으며 Inorganic P은 고칼슘 급여구에서 전반적으로 높았으나(p<0.05), 처리구간 비교 시 일정한 경향을 나타내지는 않았다. 따라서, 결과적으로 본시험에서는 고칼슘 사료 내 석회석의 추가 급여 하였을 때 10g 정도가 적절하였으며 일정기간이 지나면서 생산성 및 계란품질에 있어 개선효과가 나타나는 것으로 알 수 있었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.449-457
• /
• 2010

본 시험에서는 산란계에 대한 인진쑥, 녹차, 오미자, 겨우살이의 혼합 비율을 달리한 3종 추출물의 사료 내 첨가 급여가 난 생산성, 계란 품질, 혈액 특성 및 계란 저장성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 35주령 산란계(Hy-Line Brown) 160수를 공시하여 4처리 4반복, 반복 당 10수씩 배치하고 10주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 시험처리는 대조구(C)와 시험 사료에 혼합 비율을 달리한 3종의 추출물을 200 ppm 수준으로 첨가한 약용식물 추출물 처리구(T1, T2, T3)를 두었다. 산란율, 일 산란량 및 사료 요구율은 대조구에 비해 모든 처리구에서 유의하게 개선되었다(p<0.05). Haugh unit 및 난황색은 처리구 간 차이는 있었으나 전반적으로 대조구에 비해 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 난각질에서는 유의한 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 혈액 내 총 콜레스테롤 함량은 대조구에 비해 모든 처리구에서 유의하게 감소하였으며(p<0.05), 중성 지방은 유의성은 나타나지 않았으나 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 간 및 신장 기능의 이상 여부를 나타내는 혈액 생화학 지표 역시 유의하게 감소하거나 감소하는 경향을 보였다(p<0.05). 혈액 총 항산화 활성은 대조구에 비해 다소 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 유의성은 인정되지 않았다. 저장 기간에 따른 Haugh unit 및 지방과 산화물가의 변화를 조사한 결과, 계란 보관 14일, 21일째에 Haugh unit이 대조구에 비해 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.05), 3일 및 7일째 역시 통계적 유의성은 인정되지는 않았으나 추출물 처리시 저장 기간에 따른 Haugh unit의 저하를 감소시키는 경향을 관찰하였다. 지방과산화물가 역시 처리 구간 차이는 있었으나 대조구에 비해 유의하게 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다(p<0.05). 본 연구 결과, 인진쑥, 녹차, 오미자, 겨우살이의 혼합 비율을 달리한 약용식물 추출물의 산란계 사료 내 첨가급여는 계란 생산성을 향상시키고, 건강 유지에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤으며, 난황색 및 Haugh unit 등의 계란 내부품질을 개선시켰을 뿐만 아니라, 저장 기간에 따른 계란의 품질 저하를 감소시켜 사료 첨가제로서의 이용 가능성을 제시하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.265-272
• /
• 2010

Follicular cystic ovary (FCO) is one of the most frequently diagnosed ovarian diseases and is a major cause of reproductive failure in mammalian species. However, the mechanism by which FCO is induced remains unclear. Genetic alterations which affect the functioning of many kinds of cells and/or tissues could be present in cystic ovaries. In this study, we performed a comparison analysis of gene expression in order to identify new molecules useful in discrimination of bovine FCO with follicular cystic follicles (FCFs). Normal follicles and FCFs were classified based on their sizes (5 to 10 mm and $\geq25mm$). These follicles had granulosa cell layer and theca interna and the hormone $17{\beta}$-estradiol ($E_2$)/ progesterone ($P_4$) ratio in follicles was greater than one. Perifollicular regions including follicles were used for the preparation of RNA or protein. Differentially expressed genes (DEG) that showed greater than a 2-fold change in expression were screened by the annealing control primer (ACP)-based PCR method using $GeneFishing^{TM}$ DEG kits in bovine normal follicles and FCFs. We identified two DEGs in the FCFs: ribosomal protein L15 (RPL15) and microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) based on BLAST searches of the NCBI GenBank. Consistent with the ACP analysis, semi-quantitative PCR data and Western blot analyses revealed an up-regulation of RPL15 and a down-regulation of MAP1B in FCFs. These results suggest that RPL15 and MAP1B may be involved in the regulation of pathological processes in bovine FCOs and may help to establish a bovine gene data-base for the discrimination of FCOs from normal ovaries.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.83-97
• /
• 2006

This study was to investigate dietary habit for residents in the rural area of Chonnam, Muan. The subjects were composed of $61.2\%$ male and $38.3\%$ female (510 adults). In regularity of meal time, $56.3\%$ of the subjects had meals regularly. The older people were significantly higher than the younger people at regular intervals of meal times (p < 0.0001) . The majority of the subjects had appropriate meal amounts. $73.5\%$ of the subjects had balanced diets. Unbalanced diet was higher in younger people than in older people. The highest frequency to dining out was once a month and the lower age was significantly higher than older age (p < 0.001) When dining-out, the most important criteria for selecting a meal was the taste of food. $62.4\%$ of the subjects ate meat and greasy animal food more than once a week. The younger in age and higher in educational levels have increased meat intake frequency. In the eating methods of animal fat, $37.5\%$ of the subjects were high by eating generally untouched. The older in age, lower in education level have more increased animal fat intake frequency. $60.7\%$ of the subjects took snacks. The kinds of snacks were fruits, coffee, alcoholic drinks, candies and confectioneries, drinkables and tea, milk and dairy products, in order. Consequently, nutrition education is for them with special emphasis on regularity of meal times, unbalanced diets, dining-out and snacks to the younger people, whereas it is the necessary eating methods of animal fat and snacks to the older people.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권17호
• /
• pp.7473-7478
• /
• 2015

Background: Kermanshahi oil is one the most favorable oils in Iran especially in Kermanshah province. We aimed to evaluate the role of usual intake of Kermanshahi oil and other kinds of dietary fats as well as different meats, vegetables and fruits, carbohydrates, cereals, grains, sweets, candy and lifestyle habits in risk of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: A case-control study with 47 consecutive, newly diagnosed premenopausal breast-cancer patients and 105 age and socioeconomic matched healthy women was conducted from 2013-2014 in Imam Reza hospital of Kermanshah using a standardized, validated questionnaire assessing various anthropometric, socio-demographic, lifestyle and dietary characteristics. Results: Kermanshahi oil intake was associated with a 2.1-fold (OR=2.123, 95% CI 1.332-3.38) (p=0.002) higher likelihood of having breast cancer, while daily intake of other solid animal fats also increased the likelihood by 2.8-fold (OR = 2.754, 95% CI 1.43-5.273) (p < 0.001), after various adjustments made. Lack of fish oil, white meat, vegetables, soy products, nuts and dairy products (especially during adolescence) in daily regimens and lack of sun exposure were significantly associated with premenopausal breast cancer risk in this region. Conclusions: This study suggested that animal fat increases the risk of premenopausal breast cancer but many other dietary and non-dietary factors including calcium and vitamin D deficiency are consistently associated with increased odds of breast cancer in this region.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2018

This study reviewed the regulatory safety management system for prevention of side effects of veterinary medical devices in Korea based on data obtained through analyses of those medical devices. In order to ensure the safety of medical devices, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety has established the management system include licensing, test inspection (134 designated clinical trial agencies) and post management. In addition, it was introduce the good manufacture practice (GMP) certification system and device tracking requirements. In contrast, it is necessary to establish regulations for side effects report and awareness on veterinary medical devices in Korea. The center for veterinary medicine of FDA in the United States has been operated side effects reporting system of veterinary medical devices from user, manufactures and distributor. Due to increase the use of various kinds of veterinary medical devices for animals, it should be required to improve regulation related to the licensing procedures, GMP system, and the side effects reporting system in our country.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.358-366
• /
• 2002

To search for novel cancer preventive agents, we assessed the quinone reductase (QR)-inducing activities of medicinal herb extracts in cultured murine hepatoma cells (hepalclc7 cells). Among 216 herb extracts tested in this study, 8 kinds of herbal extracts were found to induce QR activity in hepalclc7 cells by more than 2-fold when used at the concentration of 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. The methanol extracts of Aster koraiensis NK and Pulsatilla koreana Nakai induced QR by 252 and 223 % , respectively, at the concentration of 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$. Most of the herbal extracts with QR inducing-activity increased the enzyme activity in a typical dose-dependent manner. The QR activity in BP$^{r}$ cl cells was induced move than 50 % by the extracts of Pulsatilla koreana Nakai, Inula helenium, Physalis alkekengi var, francheti (Masters) Makino, Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. latilobum Kitamuva, Auemisia keiskeana Miquel, Chfsanthemum boreale Makino. In conclusion, hlsatilla koreana Nakai, Aster koraiensis N.K, and Chfsanthemum zawadskii var. iatilobum Kitamura, which showed relatively high QR induction, merit further animal study to evaluate their potential as cancer preventive agents.