• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.594-598
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• 2000

This study was carried out to investigate the tissue-specific expression of ${\beta}$-glucuronidase (gus) gene driven by endosperm-specific promoter (Z4 promoter) in the transgenic tobacco and to find out inheritance pattern of transgene to the next generation. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum cv. Havana SR1) was transformed with Agrobacterium tumerfaciens LBA4404 harboring BV3 construct containing gus gene driven by Z4 promoter and a kanamycin resistant gene. Seven hundred bp PCR products, indicating the presence of npt II gene, were found in the all eight transformants by PCR analysis using nptII primers. To study the expression pattern of the two different kind of promoters, leaf disks of the Z4pro-gus-transformed plants and 35Spro-gus-transformed plants were analyzed histochemically for gus activity. As a result, leaf disks of Z4pro-gus-transformed plants showed very weak and partial positive gus activity. In contrast, leaf disks of 35Spro-gus-transformed plants showed relatively strong positive gus activity. To investigate the expressed position of Z4 promoter, seeds from Z4pro-gus-transformed plants and 35Spro-gus-transformed plants were analyzed histochemically for gus activity. Z4pro-gus-transformed seeds showed positive gus activity restricted to the endosperm. However, the blue-colored product in 35Spro-gus-transformed seeds was observed in all the area including endosperm. Kanamycin resistance assay showed that transgenes were stably inherited to next generation in all lines.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.149-155
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• 1995

The coat protein (CP) gene was cloned from RNA genome of the Cucumber Mosaic Virus strain ABI (CMV-ABI) isolated in Korea. The comparisons of the nucleotide sequence of the cloned CP gene and its deduced amino acid sequences with other CP genes revealed that the CMV-ABI belongs to subgroup I (type I), CMV-ABI developed the typical mosaic symptom in infected plants. Tobacco plants (Samsun and NC82) were transformed by leaf-disc transformation via Agrobacterium, temefaciens LB4404 harboring pVCP, witch CMV-ABI CP gene was inserted into the pBI121, and a number of mature transgenic tobacco plants were developed. Southern and PCR analysis of genomic DNA from the transgenic plants showed that the CP gene was integrated into the genomes of the most of the transgenic plant. Result of the segregation patterns of resistance in T1 seedlings of the plants to kanamycin showed that the transgenic plants containing l,2 and 3 copies of CP gene were50%, 39% and 11% of the total transgenic plants, respectively.

• Plant Resources
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 2001

To improve the iron content of red pepper, we have transferred the entire coding sequence of the ferritin gene(Fpl) into Capsicum annuum (L. cv. Chungyang and Bukang) by Agrobacterium mediated transformation. Transformants were found to contain the Fp1 gene at up to three loci, increased distinct iron content changes. In transgenic plants, iron content was as much as 7-fold to 8-folds greater than that of their untransformed counterparts. Furthermore, the Rl progenies from transformant(A7, A8) co-segregated into a 15:1 ratio for both Kanamycin resistance and genotype of high iron.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.227-239
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• 2009

At the present study, it was aimed to detect virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance genes among 102 strains of 12 Salmonella serotypes isolated from pigs and cattle. In polymerase chain reaction (PCR), invA was detected from all strains of Salmonella spp., spvC was detected from Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) (100%), S. Bradenburg (75%), and S. Typhimurium (20.4%). Drug resistance related genes of 12 types were detected from all strains. TEM ($bla_{TEM}$) gene was detected from 51 (92.7%) of 55 $\beta$-lactams (54 ampicillin or 1 amoxicillin) resistance strains. 55 (100%) of 55 chloramphenicol resistance strains, 3 (100%) of 3 gentamicin resistance strains and 5 (100%) of 5 kanamycin resistance strains did contain cml, aadB, and aphA1-Iab, respectively. strB (89.9%), strA (88.4%), aadA2 (84.1%) and aadA1 (72.5%) were detected from 69 streptomycin resistance strains. sulII and dhfrXII were detected from 49 (100%) of 49 sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim resistance strains, but sulI was not detected. tetA (97.9%) and tetB (21.6%) were detected from 97 tetracycline resistance strains. int gene was detected from 58 (56.9%) of 102 strains. 54 S. Typhimurium of 102 Salmonella spp. were attempted to detect drug resistance genes. TEM was detected from 44 (95.7%) of 46 $\beta$-lactams (45 ampicillin or 1 amoxicillin) resistance strains. cmlA was detected from 51 (100%) of 51 chloramphenicol resistance strains. aadA2 (100%), strA (100%), strB (100%), and aadA1 (79.6%) were detected from 54 streptomycin resistance strains. sulII (100%) and dhfrXII (100%) were detected from 49 sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim resistance strains. tetA was detected from 54 (100%) of 54 tetracycline resistance strains. int gene was detected from 54 (100%) of 54 strains. The major drug resistance pattern and resistance gene profile were ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and tetracycline (ACSSuT) and TEM, cmlA, aadA1, aadA2, strA, strB, sulII, dhfrXII, tetA and int, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.177-181
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• 2012

Actinobacillus (A.) pleuropneumoniae is the causative agent of pleuropneumonia which is one of the most important respiratory diseases in pigs worldwide. A total of 32 A. pleuropneumoniae isolates from diseased pigs during 2008 to 2010 were serotyped by polymerase chain reaction method. The susceptibility of the isolates to 13 antimicrobial agents were determined by disk diffusion test. In all the 32 isolates examined in this study, serotype 5 (16 isolates: 50%), 1 (7 isolates: 21.9%), 2 (5 isolates: 15.6%) and 12 (1 isolate: 3.1%) were found. Of all tested antimicrobial agents, resistance to oxytetracycline was found in 96.9% of isolates, followed by resistance to amikacin (81.2%), neomycin (68.7%), kanamycin (53.1%), penicillin (50.0%), gentamicin (43.7%), florfenicol (25.0%), ampicillin (18.7%), colistin (9.4%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ceftiofur (8.3%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (3.1%) and enrofloxacin (0%). Oxytetracycline or florfenicol-resistant isolates were examined for the presence of resistance gene. Among the 31 oxytetracycline-resistant isolates, tetB, tetH and tetO genes were detected in 22 (71%), 8 (26%) and 1 (3%) isolates, respectively. The floR genes were detected in 8 (100%) of the 8 florfenicol-resistant A. pleuropneumoniae isolates.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.374-379
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• 1995

The cDNA of tobacco mosaic virus-pepper strain (TMV-P) coat protein (CP) genes were introduced into tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun nn) using a binary Ti plasmid vector of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. these cDNAs introduced into tobacco plants were detected by polymerase chain reaction. Symptom development was distinctly suppressed in the transgenic plant introduced buy sense CP cDNA when the plant was inoculated with TMV-P, while in transgenic tobacco plants of antisense CP gene, symptom development was not suppressed as in non-transgenic plants. TMV-P concentration in the sense CP transgenic tobacco plant was decreased to 1/14 of the concentration in non-transgenic plants. Expression of the kanamycin resistance gene of these transgenic plants could be detected in the progeny.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.162-165
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• 2003

Transformation of Fuji apple (Malus domestica 'Fuji') was performed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring a coat protein (CP) gene of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). A plasmid DNA containing the virus CP and NPT II genes was introduced into the loaves of apple by th e Agrobacterium - mediated transformation procedure. Regenerated transformants of the apple were obtained by kanamycin resistance conferred by the introduced NPT II gene. PCR analysis showed that 3 out of 20 putatively selected R0 plant lines contain the CMV-CP gene. Nine putative transgenic lines out of 20 lines were investigated with the PCR analysis; 5 regenerants produced a 450 bp DNA band and 3 regenerants showed a 671 bp DNA band for the NPT II and CMV-CP genes, respectively. Southern hybyidization results demonstrate the successful integration of the CMV-CP gene into the genome of the apple. This is the first report on the generation of useful vius resistance source of transgenic apple for molecular breeding program.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2005

Korean ginseng(Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is very difficult to obtain stable production of qualified ginseng roots because of variable stresses in soil environments. In transformation of ginseng with betain aldehyde dehydrogenase gene, compounds synthesized for controlling osmotic pressure such as proline, glycine, betaine, polyols and sugar were accumulated in cell for salt resistance in transgenic plants. 2 Agrobactgerium conjugants were acquired with bet A and bet B genes for solt resistant plants. A. tumefaciens MP90/pBetA and A. tumefaciens MP90/pBetB were recombined for increasing the tolerance to salt stress. To confirm the transformation of the binary vector, tobacco plant was transformed, and the transformant can grow on media containing high concentration of kanamycin. To identify NPT 11, BetA and BetB genes of the transformants, the band on the agarose was confirmed by PCR and RT-PCR techniques. The transformants of ginseng with bet A and bet B genes were acquired on the phytohormone free basic MS media containing only antibiotics and 1M mannitol used for selection of transgenic plant, but the transfomation efficiency for BetA and BetB was very low.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2017

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica is a common microbial flora in pet turtles, which could opportunistically become pathogenic to human. Their possession of aminoglycoside resistance genes has important significance both in humans and animal medicine. In this study, twenty-one Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica were isolated from thirty-five individual turtles purchased from pet shops and online markets in Korea. In order to characterize the aminoglycoside susceptibility patterns, antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed against gentamicin, amikacin and kanamycin of aminoglycoside antimicrobial group. Each of the isolates showed susceptibility to all tested aminoglycosides in disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests. PCR assay was carried out to determine aminoglycoside resistance genes, integron and integron mediated aminoglycoside genes. None of the isolates showed aac(3)-IIa, aac-(6')-Ib, armA, aphAI-IAB aminoglycoside resistance genes. Only, five isolates (24%) harbored class 1 integron related IntI1 integrase gene. The results suggest that Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica strains isolated from pet turtles are less resistance to aminoglycosides and don't harbor any aminoglycosides resistance genes.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.267-276
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• 2012

Spaceflights results in the reduction of immune status of human beings and increase in the virulence of microorganisms, especially gram negative bacteria. The growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae is enhanced by catecholamines and during spaceflight, elevation in the levels of cortisols occurs. So it is necessary to know the changes in physiology, virulence, antibiotic resistance and gene expression of K. pneumoniae under microgravity conditions. The present study was undertaken to study effect of simulated microgravity on growth, morphology, antibiotic resistance and cross stress resistance of K. pneumoniae to various stresses. The susceptibility of simulated microgravity grown K. pneumoniae to ampicillin, penicillin, streptomycin, kanamycin, hygromycin and rifampicin were evaluated. The growth of bacteria was found to be fast compared with normal gravity grown bacteria and no significant changes in the antibiotic resistance were found. The bacteria cultured under microgravity conferred cross stress resistance to acid, temperature and osmotic stress higher than the normal gravity cultured bacteria but the vice versa was found in case of oxidative stress.