• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.83-97
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• 2012

In this paper, we consider a single-manufacturer single-buyer supply chain problem where a single manufacturer purchases and processes raw materials into a family of items in order to deliver a family of items to a single buyer at a fixed interval of time for effective implementation of Just-In-Time Purchasing. An integrated multi-item lot-splitting model of facilitating multiple shipments in small lots between buyer and manufacturer is developed in a JIT Purchasing environment. Previous research on the integrated model assumed that the manufacturer orders raw materials m (integer) times for every production run (lot multiplier policy for the raw material). In this paper, we consider a generalized policy in the replenishment of raw materials, allowing lot multiplier policy and lot splitting policy. An iterative solution procedure is developed to find the order interval for finished goods and raw materials, and number of shipments between buyer and manufacturer. We show by numerical example that when the integrated policy is adopted by both buyer and manufacturer in a cooperative manner, both parties can benefit.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.21
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• pp.54-61
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• 1999

The Fashion Distribution Business (FDB) is thriving to such an extent that the current period is called "The Era of Fashion." This FDB shows tendencies towards specialzation, globalization and expansion. The domestic FDB has been rapidly globalizing, and thus it is time for us to recognize that the fashion business has grown beyond its former role as a production-oriented retail business to include multiple new roles. This strategy to plant Store Identity on customers is just a Visual Merchandising (VMD) Strategy. That is, a strategy to visualize the Product Planning, which can be called a Complex Visual Expressing Technical System that classifies and arranges products in order to be easily seen, chosen, and bought through exhibition and arrangement. My aim is to break away from the conept that has been focused only on display division and to present product scheme correctly and to establish a VMD Plan which can also contribute to sales promotion by providing infirmation and arranging Store Display efficiently for customers. Additionally, this is aimed to present an efficient and sensitive design process.esign process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.65 no.3
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• pp.15-27
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• 2015

This study is the first research that examines the fashion manufacturers and merchants of the late 18th century France. Fashion specialists, (known as) Marchande de modes, started to appear in literature in the mid 18thcenturyandthe profession was officially recognized by the guild system in 1776. Rose Bertin was elected as the first representative. At the same time, there were two types of fashion specialists, tailleur and couturi${\grave{e}}$re. Tailleur had monopolized the production of the bodice and the skirt, which were the most important female dress parts. On the contrary, couturi${\grave{e}}$re only had the right to make petticoats, but they were not allowed to decorate it. In 1781, the couturi${\grave{e}}$re obtained the right to make and decorate the other parts of the dress, and this resulted in the two groups fighting over the rights to make dresses. And during this struggle, the Marchand de modes started to appear as a new occupation. Marchande de modes were privileged fashion merchants making or selling trimmings for dress and coiffure, and had authority to make capes and bonnets. Contemporary critics praised their talents for creating innovative and beautiful fashion styles, while some criticized them as women who just made luxury items. These records revealed how marchande de modes were viewed during that time.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1574-1580
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• 2009

To evaluate the effect of different housing systems on sow behavior, 80 gilts were randomly allocated at puberty to four treatments: i) sow stall in gestation followed by farrowing crate (SC), ii) group housing with individual feeding in gestation followed by farrowing crate (GC), iii) ESF (Electronic Sow Feeding) system in gestation followed by farrowing crate (EC), and iv) ESF system followed by group farrowing pen (EG). Behavioral observations were carried out on a total of 16 animals per treatment at the following stages: first day of allocation to housing treatment, day of service, 80 days after service, 109 days after service on entry to farrowing accommodation, 24 h before farrowing, day of farrowing, 14, 27 and 28 days after farrowing, at weaning. On each occasion, individual animals were observed for a 24 period with one minute time sampling. There were significant differences (p<0.001) between stages of the reproductive cycle for all the behavior patterns in all treatments. On the first day in experimental housing treatments, sows spent more time rooting and dog-sitting. Activity and investigatory behavior decreased as pregnancy progressed. An activity peak was apparent just before farrowing, followed by a high level of inactivity on the day of farrowing. Time spent active, eating and drinking increased as lactation progressed, and greatest activity and locomotion was seen immediately following weaning. There were significant differences between housing treatments (p<0.01) for standing, moving, eating, drinking, dog-sitting and lying. During pregnancy SC sows spent more time standing, rooting, drinking and dog sitting, while EC sows spent less time rooting and drinking and more time lying. During lactation, GC sows spent more time standing, moving and eating, less time dog sitting and lateral lying. Nursing frequency was reduced in GC sows (p<0.001). The maternal and piglet behaviors were influenced strongly by environment during lactation. However, it was also shown that previous housing history can influence the maternal behavior in the pre-farrowing stage and during early lactation.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.272-274
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• 2005

Objective: Surgical treatment of focal axillary hyperhidrosis is often unsatisfactory because of compensatory hyperhidrosis. The purpose of this study is to evalute the effect of decreased sweating production using 20% aluminum chloride on axillary hyperhidrosis. Methods: From February to December, 2002, 10 patients (mean age 25.2 male 2, female 8) with clinical diagnosis of axillary hyperhidrosis were treated by 20% aluminum chloride solution. Until the desired degree of symptom relief was obtained, they were educated to apply every day and thereafter, the agent would be applied as often as is necessary. We analyzed patient's satisfaction and application time at onset of desired dryness, application interval to maintain the relief of symptom and side effects. Results: Aluminum chloride solution was effective in treatment of axillary hyperhidrosis showing excellent result in 60% of patients and good in 40%. Application time at onset of desired dryness ranged from 1 to 6 days(mean 3 days). Application interval to maintain the relief of symptom ranged from 5 to 45 days(mean 12 days). There were no significant complications but just mild irritation and miliaria in seven patients. Conclusion: 20% aluminum chloride solution is the simple, safe and less expensive method for initial treatment for axillary hyperhidrosis not accompanying osmidrosis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.316-322
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• 2002

In case of reducing working time, it is difficult that the construction industry is analyzed far-reaching effects caused by a reduction of working time, by approaching with just the total amount of work. Because it has the properties such as the singularity, the outdoor using, a sense of the season unlike other industries. In order to analyze the effect of a reduction of working time on the construction industry, the example of a reduction of working time in domestic other industries related with it was analyzed intensively first. And an example in Japan, which is similar to our existing related laws and industrial structure among foreign construction industries was analyzed, and a relation with the domestic construction industries and an issue were drown a conclusion. This was applied to a field worker and a related main group participating in a real production. And it showed the prediction model for a working pattern and a dealing plan to prepare in a construction site by predicting a working pattern in the management side of a construction site annually.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.89-101
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• 2010

In some industries, manufacturing firms' distinctive competences include not only product superiority but also service excellence. For example, in a highly volatile and dynamic market, flexibility and responsiveness are more valued than just the product cost. And sales order processing, in that respect is a very important process. However, previous studies on sale order processing have considered only due-date assignments or dealt with production scheduling to minimize production cost or delivery lead time. Due to recent advances in information technology, a new approach is possible in dealing with sales order processing. For example, RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) and ubiquitous computing technology adds real time visibility and traceability to supply chain. In this study, we develop a new due-date re-negotiation process for sales order management and propose a new business integration model to support the re-negotiation process based on RFID, ubiquitous computing technology and RosettaNet's PIPs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 1997

There are two types of phonetic study, acoustic and physiologic, for differentiating the three manner categories of Korean stop consonants. On the physiologic studies, there are endoscopic, electromyographic(EMG), electroglottographic(EGG) and aerodynamic studies. In this study, I tried to investigate general features of Korean stops using EGG study for the open quotient of vocal fold and baseline shift during speech, and aerodynamic characteristics for e subglottal air pressure, air flow and glottal resistance at consonants. On the aerodynamic study, the glottalized and aspirated stops may be characterized by e increasing subglottal pressure comparing with lenis stop at consonants. The airflow is largest in the aspirated stops followed by lenis stops and glottalized. The glottal airway resistance (GAR) showed highest in the glottalized followed by the lenis, but lowest in e aspirated during e production of consonants, and showed highest in e aspirated, but low in the glottalized and lenis during the production of vowel. The glottal resistance at consonant showed significant difference among consonants and significant interaction between subject and types of consonant. The glottal resistance at vowel showed significant difference among consonants, and e interaction occured between subject and types of consonant. The electroglottography(EGG) has been used for investigating e functioning of e vocal folds during its vibration. The EGG should be related to the patterns of the vocal fold vibration during phonation in characterizing the temporal patterns of each vibratory cycle. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dynamic change of EGG waveforms during continuous speech. The dynamic changes of EGG waveforms fir the three-way distinction of Korean stops were characterized that the aspirated stop appears to be characterized by largest open quotient and smallest glottal contact area of the vocal folds in e initial portion of vocal fold vibration ; the lenis stop by moderate open quotient and glottal contact area ; but the glottalized stop by smallest open quotient and largest glottal contact area. There may be close relationship between the OQ(open quotient) in the initial voice onset and the glottal width at the time of consonant production, the larger glottal width just before vocal fold vibration results in the smaller OQ of the vocal fold vibration in the initial voice onset. The EGG changes of baseline shift during continuous speech production were characterized by the different patterns for the three types of Korean consonants. The small and less stiffness change of baseline shift was found for the lenis and the glottalized, and the largest and stiffest change was found for the aspirated. On the baseline shift for the initial voice onset, they showed so similar patterns with for the consonant production, larger changed in the aspirated. for the lenis and the glottalized during the initial voice onset, three subjects showed individual difference each other. I suggest at s characteristics were strongly related with articulatory activity of vocal tract for the production of consonant, especially for the aspirated stop. The suspecting factors to affect EGG waveforms are glottal width, vertical laryngeal movement and the intrapharyngeal pressure to neighboring tissue during connected spech. So the EGG may be an useful method to describe laryngeal activity to classify pulsing conditions of the larynx during speech production, and EGG research can be controls for monitoring the vocal tract articulation, although above factors to affect EGG would have played such a potentially role on vocal fold vibratory behavior obtained using consonant production.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.317-325
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• 2022

Korean tuna purse seine fishery in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) began to operate in earnest in the early 1980s. Since then, the total catch has shown an increasing trend and the target species are skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacare) and bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus). Based on the operational data of Korean tuna purse seine fishery from 2016 to 2020, the catch rates of target species (skipjack and yellowfin tunas) were analyzed by operation time for set types (free school and FAD sets). In the case of the free school sets, they were usually made from sunrise to sunset, and the catch rate was high before and after sunrise for skipjack tuna and before sunset for yellowfin tuna. On the other hand, for the FAD sets, more than 90% of them were made just before sunrise, and there were few operations during the daytime. The purpose of this study is to examine whether there are differences in the catch rate of skipjack and yellowfin tunas by operation time and by school type for Korean tuna purse seine fishery in the WCPO, which could be helpful in understanding its fishing characteristics and providing useful information for developing the stock indices of the target species.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.137-153
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• 2002

Viewed as a more systematic approach of creating high quality products and bringing them into market at a lower cost and in significantly less time, it attracts the attention of quality designers to quality function deployment (QFD) approach. In attempt to reduce the design cycle, the industry has responded with concurrent design effort. In a sense, concurrent engineering refers to the integration of various activities within the broad scope of the product life cycle ［17］. Over the last ten years, much has been written about QFD but little has been available in terms of the underlying guide methodology. The methodology of QFD is quite simple and many will say that they have done it in the past but just have not formalized it into the form that this discipline requires. QFD ties the product, user, value, and manufacturing viewpoints together in a continuous process of defining the product design and manufacturing requirements. The value viewpoint recognizes the cost to obtain certain functionality, and the manufacturing viewpoint addresses conformance to requirements, but in a broader sense, the variability in production. In this paper, the QFD system acquisitions are described, and two heuristic approaches solving for the complex design process, especially the size reduction of design process and precedence-constrained relationship in QFD are proposed, and the empirical example is illustrated.