• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.79-95
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the sanitation affairs of general restaurants. The questionnaire survey on the attitude and knowledge toward sanitation, the attitude for sanitary administration and the sanitary education was conducted against new 600 restaurateurs who were educated from June 20 to July 11, 1996, at the administration hall's division of Kyungsangbook-do in charge of food industry that offered regular sanitary education to new restaurateurs annually. And the visit survey on sanitary practice was also conducted over 93 restaurateurs who obtained the commercial license for food service business. The findings from the survey were as follows; In regard to food sanitation, some 87.1 to 88.3% got the right knowledge about the reason and precaution of food poisoning, food's frozen or cold-storage, and the disposal of products after expiration of validity term. But it was about 20.8% to 50.0% who knew right about major precaution, storage temperature in refrigerator, fermented milk product's storage temperature and validity term. There was therefore a necessity for education in food sanitation. 38.2% of the subjects placed an emphasis on sanitary storage of foodstuffs as the most important thing in sanitary management. 33.8% emphasized cooking sanitation. The environmental sanitation was counted as the most important thing by 19.2%, and personal sanitation of worker was counted by 8.8%. There was differences in what they thought the most important thing was, according to the respondent's educational level and cooker. 86.6% replied it necessary to improve the sanitary level. The respondents who were younger or had better educational level emphasized more the need for it. Concerning health examination, 90.2% replied it necessary. 81.4% answered the reason was because there was a potentiality Quests might be infected with contagious disease. 78.5% pointed the need for sanitary education, but respondents with higher educational level less emphasized its needs. As the reason for poor sanitation, restaurateur's poor awareness about it was most frequently pointed out, by 46.9%. Cooking sanitation was most frequently counted, by 38.5%, as the first thing to be improved. As the most critical point in sanitary education, 34.5% indicated food's sanitary Quality control 30.9% mentioned sanitary treatment of kitchen facilities and peripheral environment, and 27.1% emphasized the summary of the general food sanitation. 77.7% answered to correct immediately in case of violating the Food Hygiene Law, and 12.0% replied to correct in the same case if they would get the order from public official or administrative action would be taken. Respondents with higher educational level answered more to correct immediately. What they wanted the government office to do toward sanitary improvement was a fund aid an facilities and management which was pointed out by 38.9%, a periodical sanitary education by 26.3% and a on-the-spot guidance of sanitary officials by 22.3%. In view of the food service business's sanitary practice, the rate of wearing a sanitary clothes was 32.9% in city and 35.0% in county. The rate of hand-washing without soap or non-washing at cooking was 73.9%, 85%, respectively. The rate of personnel sanitation was 34.2% in city and 50.0% in county. These things indicated the sanitation was not well practiced. To improve the poor sanitary conditions of the food service businesses, it is recommended to offer institutional backing and financial aid from administrative office, and encourage restaurateurs to take pride in their job. and conduct the sanitary education effectively by sanitary education institution.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.530-539
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• 2018

This study was conducted to compare the resilience, social support, psychosocial stress and burnout between novice and experienced nurses. Data collection was conducted using structured questionnaires for 65 novice nurses with less than one year of clinical experience and 70 experienced nurses with at least seven years of clinical experience working in general hospitals. The results revealed that the resilience of novice nurses was lower than that of experienced nurses, and there were significant differences according to educational level, job satisfaction, and subjective health status. Conversely, experienced nurses' resilience differed according to their position. In addition, the resilience of novice and experienced nurses showed the highest correlation with psychosocial stress (r=-0.633, p<0.001; r=-0.586, p<0.001), while novice nurses' social support (r=0.560, p<0.001) and experienced nurses' burnout (r=-0.404, p=0.001) showed the second highest correlations. These results demonstrate that the factors related to resilience of novice and the experienced nurses differ. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a differentiated program according to the characteristics of resilience of each nurse to improve the resilience of novice and experienced nurses.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.187-202
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• 1998

This study was carried out to identify the difference between educational needs and levels of satisfaction of primigravida during the antepartum period. The goal of the study was to obtain data needed to develope educational programs and to improve the nursing quality for antepartal clients. The subjects were 106 primigravida who attend antenatal clinic at 3 general hospitals in the Seoul area. The data was gathered using a questionnaire which, consist of 71 items, was developed by the researcher from May 4 to June 3, 1998. Results found are as follows : 1. The characteristics of subjects : The majority of subjects were aged 25-29 years(73.6%), college graduates(61.3%), jobless(68.9%), had no religion(38.7%), attended antenatal clinic regularly(91.5%), duration of pregnancy was 38-39 weeks(49.06%), pregnancy was planned(67%), and 42.5% have had some sort of prenatal education. 2. Over all level of educational needs was relatively high(Mn. 3.97) but the level of satisfaction was of average level(Mn. 3.01). Therefore, differences between the level of educational needs and satisfaction was significant(P=.0001). 3. The educational needs by category, the highest need was on birth preparation(Mn. 4.18), self care of the mother and infant care(Mn 4.10), health maintenance and promotion(Mn. 3.79), the lowest was care of discomfort(Mn 3.66). The level of satisfaction was higher on postpartum self care(Mn 3.15), but the lowest was infant care(Mn 2.84). Differences between educational needs and satisfaction by categories was significant(P=.0001). 4. Relationship between educational needs and levels of satisfaction among primigravida of different characteristics were as follows : 1) Educational needs of minor discomforts area were significantly high among age of 25-29(P=.0108), and over 35 years of age, was satisfied on preparation of labor & delivery, postpartum self care (P=.036, .02). 2) With regard to different level of education, middle school graduates had higher educational needs on discomfort care and postpartum self care(P=.0014, .014). College graduates have had higher educational needs on health maintenance(P=.008) and were more satisfied on preparation of birth(P=.0025) 3) With regard to whether pregnancy was planned or not, no difference was found on educational needs. But the levels of satisfaction was significantly higher in the group of planned pregnancy(discomfort care P=.0454, birth preparation P=.0256, postpartum self care P=.0092). 4) with regard to antenatal education, those who have had some sort of antenatal education, educational needs on birth preparation(P=.0345) was significantly high. And also the levels of satisfaction were significantly higher on every category(P=.0004-.0001). 5) No difference was found on educational needs or level of satisfaction by Job, religions, regularity of antenatal care and complication of pregnancy.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.522-531
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• 1999

This research identifies the ingress to egress primary factors that causes a patient to receive delayed emergency medical care. This material was collected between February 1st to 28th, 1998. Research envolved 4,118 people who visited the college emergency medical center in Kyeongido Province, South Korea. Medical records were examined, using the retrospective method. to determine the length of stay and the main cause for waiting. Results are as follows : 1. The age group with the highest admission rate was 10 and under, approximately 1,394 (33.9%). Followed by an even distribution for ages between 11-50 at 10-15% for their respective ranges. The lowest admission rate was 50 years and above. 2. From the 4,118 records examined, 3,489 received outpatient treatment (84.7%); 601 were admitted for inpatient care (14.6%); 25 arrived dead on arrival (0.6%); and 4 people died at the hospital. 3. Between 7PM to 12AM, 42.9% were admitted to the EMC. The hours from 9PM to 11PM recorded the highest admission rate and 5AM to 8AM was the lowest From 8PM to 12AM, the most beds were occupied. 4. For most patients. the average length of stay was approximately 2.2 hours. By medical department, external medicine was the longest for 2.8 hours. Pediatrics was the shortest for 1.6 hours. The average waiting period for inpatient admission was 2.6 hours. Inpatient admission for pediatrics and external medicine was 3.4 hours and 2.2 hours respectively. 5. Theses are primary factors for delay at EMC: 1) pronged medical consultations to decide between inpatient versus outpatient treatment, and delaying to be inpatient, 2) when you call physicians they are delayed to come 3) Understaffing during peak or critical hours, 4) Excessive consulting with different medical departments, 5) some patients require longer monitoring periods, 6) medical records are delayed in transit between departments, 7) repeated laboratory tests make delay the result, 8) overcrowded emergency x-ray place causes delay taking x-ray and portable x-ray, 9) the distance between EMC and registration and cashier offices is too far. 10) hard to control patient's family members. The best way to reduce EMC waiting and staying time is by cooperation between departments, both medical and administrative. Each department must work beyond their job description or duty and help each other to provide the best medical service and satisfy the patient needs. The most important answer to shortened the EMC point from ingress to egress is to see things from a patient point of view and begin from there to find the solution.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.1-17
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• 1997

Geographic Information Systems(GIS) are very useful for spatial analysis and policy in local government administration. Recognizing the value of GIS, Chungnam province authorities put a spur on the introduction and development of it. But they have some difficulty in this process because of technical restraint, expertise shortage and budget limit. This study has surveyed current achievement and conditions for GIS development and presented general framework and subordinate tasks to build up GIS. First of all, there are a few prior conditions to guarantee the success of GIS: First, we should set up reasonable long-term plan and follow systematic procedures according to the plan. Second, it is essential to clarify what initiatively manage to whole business and so we should make up GIS-Board as an institutional center for this job. Third, we must research how to take advantage of already existing NGIS(National Geographic Information System), so that we may eliminate redundancy of investment. We can save a lot of finance and human resources through it. Fourth, we must focus on the importance of accurate mapping by utilizing new technology like GPS(Global Positioning System). Fifth, we should arrange efficient training program to constantly produce excellent human resources for GIS.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.769-781
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of nurses' perceived burden from work and health problems on the presentism of nurses. The study subjects were recruited from four general and tertiary hospitals in K province and D metropolitan city. A quarter of nurses had shoulder, back, and neck pain and average number of health problems was 3.62. The nurses' presenteeism score was $43.37{\pm}12.43$ points out of 100 points. There was a statistically significant relationship between nurses' perceived burden, numbers of health problems, and presenteeism. The numbers of health problems and perceived burden of nurses had significant effects on presenteeism of nurses while controlling demographic factors such as length of work experience, job position, types of hospital, and gender. These results suggested that the less burden from work and the lower number health problems could result in the lower level of presenteeism of nurses. Therefore, it is necessary to develop diverse strategies to reduce the burden of nurses and health problems at both individual and organizational levels as a way to increase productivity of hospital.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.82-91
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• 2009

Film festival is a cultural event, which would be held for various purposes. This study was to find out the effects of visitors' demographic characteristics and Jeonju International Film festival images upon their general satisfactions, focusing on the 10th Jeonju International Film Festival. The results are as following. First, 20's(year), Student(job) and Less than 100(income/a month) had a majority in the demographic characteristic. It is needed to develop various programs and events targeting for these groups. Second, it resolved 11 questions in all into 3 factors, which is named as 'Administration', 'Facility', and 'Contents'. Specially We need to develop events and programs for teens. It verified that visitors satisfied far more as they were provided with comfortable theater, various facilities and events, etc. It also proved that the service of giving useful informations met visitors' satisfaction. But as the demographic characteristic showing, visitors dwelling near Jeonju were fewer. It is required for a program to enhance the peculiar qualities of the city, Jeonju and then to promote the participation of local people. It is necessary for the host organization to secure its identity including peculiar subjects differentiated from other film festivals for the purpose of establishing itself as a worldwide event.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.383-393
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• 2019

The present study was conducted to determine convergent factors affecting depression in drinker by age. This was a cross-sectional secondary data analysis study that used the raw data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey in 2014 & 2016. The subjects of the present study were 4,446 middle-aged drinker. Variables related to general characteristics, physical and psychological factors were selected. After a sampling plan compound file was created using IBM SPSS 23.0 program, data were analyzed by giving weights. Depression was influenced by gender (30s, 50-60s), income (30-40s, 60s), education (30-40s), number of family members (30-60s), job (30-60s), eating level (30-40s, 60s), hypertension (40s), DM (30-40s), BMI (30-40s), smoking (30s, 50s), exercise (30s), weight control (60s), drinking binge (30-60s), subjective health (30-60s), subjective body awareness (30-50s), stress (30s-60s), quality of life (30-60s). It is required to design preventive interventions and management plans for depression, considering these factors comprehensively.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.275-284
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• 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate the health promotion behavior level, health beliefs, and self-efficacy of individuals preparing for civil service examinations, as well as the main factors that influence their health promotion behavior. The study subjects were 290 individuals who were preparing for civil service examinations in Noryangjin, where there are a lot of private institutions that provide training for the examinations. Data were collected by questionnaire surveys conducted from December 1 to 19, 2017. With the use of SPSS ver. 23, descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression were conducted. On average, the score for health promotion behavior practice was $2.37{\pm}0.45points$, health beliefs $3.13{\pm}0.45points$, and self-efficacy $3.55{\pm}0.74points$. Health promotion behavior was significantly positively correlated with perceived severity and perceived benefits, which are sub factors of health beliefs (r=.60, p<.001; r=.55, p<.001), while it was significantly negatively correlated with perceived barriers, which are a sub factor of health beliefs (r=.32, p<.001). The factors that influenced health promotion behavior were perceived health condition and perceived barriers, and the explanatory power of health promotion behavior was 25.1% (F=13.58, p<.001). In general, respondents studied for the examinations for a long time and were under severe job pressure; accordingly, they need to have quality meals, regular exercise, and regular medical check-ups to enhance health promotion behavior to control their stress.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.453-466
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• 2022

This study attempted to examine the role of gender roles in psychological distress of Korean adult men. Specifically, it was attempted to verify whether compliance with multidimensional male gender roles predicts psychological distress through gender role conflict. To this end, this study was conducted on 358 male participants aged 19 to 39 using the Korean Conformity to Masculine Norm Inventory, Korean Male Gender Role Conflict Scale, and General Health Questionnaire. As a result of the study, it was found that the influence on psychological distress through male gender role conflict was different depending on the sub-factors of the male gender norm. The sub-factors of masculine norms, 'power and control', 'job - independence', and 'emotion suppression', were statically predicted psychological distress through the medium of 'fear for femininity', which is a sub-factor of gender role conflict. Meanwhile, among the male norms, 'male leadership' and 'family support' had negative direct effects on psychological distress, and the indirect effects through gender role conflict were not significant. The results of this study suggest that the sub-factors of male norms have different functions for psychological distress, and in particular, the dysfunctional role of male norms can be caused by negative emotions about femininity during gender role conflict.