• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.17-31
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usability of a prototype personal digital assistant (PDA)-based decision support system for the management of obesity through usability testing with end-users (Advanced Practice Nurses [APNs]) prior to its implementation in clinical settings. Methods: This descriptive study used observational and think aloud techniques to address the research question: what usability problems are perceived by end-users? Five APNs were provided with the scenarios and the list of tasks to evaluate the application. Their verbalizations were recorded through Morae usabil ity software. Data analysis was based on the data captured through Morae, transcriptions, notes, and the end-user survey. Results: End-users completed all the required tasks without encountering a severe usability problem, and agreed that the system was easy to use. clear, concise, and useful. Usability issues that were unrecognized by the developer or usability experts were identified by APNs. The usability problems were categorized according to positive characteristics, negative characteristics, and recommendations. The usability issues were discussed with the project team members, and solutions were suggested to improve the user interface of the PDA-based decision support system before the final implementation. Conclusions: This approach had an important impact on making the system easier to use and more useful from the perspective of design and content. The results of this evaluation provided iterative feedback regarding the design and implementation of the PDA-based decision support system for the management of obesity.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.347-352
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• 2000

본 연구에서는 초저팽창물질(Ultra-low expansion material, ULE)로 제작된 초안정 기준공지기와 다이오드의 전류 변조 특성을 이용하여 상용 다이오드 레이저로 주파수를 안정화시켰다. 레이저의 주파수 선폭은 공주(free run) 상태에서 적분시간 1 s 동안 1 MHz 정보이며, 대략 20분 동안 측정된 주파수 표류 속도는 300 kHz/s 정도였다. ULE로 제작된 초안정 기준공지기투과 신호의 측면(기울기 500 kHz/V)에 주파수를 안정화시켰을 때 선폭의 rms 값은 10 s 이상의 적분시간에서 50 kHz정도였다. 알란 분산(Allan variance)의 제곱근 값은 10ms 이상의 샘플링 시간에 대해 2kHz 이내가 되었다.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.129-139
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• 1991

본 논문에서는 철근콘크리트 부재에 강섬유를 혼입하였을때의 역학적 겅동에 관하여 이론 및 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 포괄적인 실험연구를 수행하였으며, 단철근 콘크리트 보와 복철근 콘크리트 보에 대하여 강섬유의 혼입효과를 규명하였다. 본 실험으로부터 하중-처짐관계, 균열폭, 균열간격, 균열형상, 철근 및 콘크리트 변형도를 측정하였다. 실험결과 강섬유의 혼입으로 인하여 균열이 크게 역제되고 균열폭이 크게 감소함을 발견하였다. 또한, 부재의 연성과 극한저항모멘트가 크게증가하였다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 강섬유의 혼입효과를 설명할 수 있는 이론모델을 유도하여 제시하였으며, 앞으로 강섬유콘크리트는 연성을 필요로하는 내진구조물등에 효율적으로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1576-1580
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• 2007

Aralia cordata Thunb. (Araliaceae, ACT) is an remarkable herbal plant that has been widely used in traditional oriental medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cardiovascular disorders. In this study, we have established a vascular aging model in rats by orally administrating excessive vitamin $D_2$ (500,000 IU/kg/day) for 4 days followed by feeding high cholesterol diet for 16 weeks and then rats were randomly divided into control group, high cholesterol diet (HCD) group, HCD+ACT (30 mg/kg) and HCD+ACT (60 mg/kg) group. ACT (30, 60) significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC) content compared with HCD, but no significant differences in the serum lipids. Secondly, we measured the serum levels of Oxidized Low-dencity Lipoprotein (OxLDL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in order to further investigate the anti-vascular aging mechanism of ACT. The results, ACT (30, 60) treatments decreased OxLDL, MDA　content　and increased Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase activity compared with HCD treatments. The results suggested that ACT inhibited OxLDL production rather than serum lipids lowering and that ACT could be used as potential anti-atherosclerotic agent in aged cells.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.43-54
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• 2003

Due to insufficient available bandwidth resources and the continuously growing demand for cellular communication services, the channel assignment problem has become increasingly important. To trace the optimal assignment, several heuristic strategies have been proposed. So far, most of them focus on the small-scale systems containing no more than 25 cells and they use an anachronistic cost model, which does not satisfy the requirements ity. Solving the small-scale channel assignment problems could not be applied into existing large scale cellular networks' practice. This article proposes a decomposition approach to solve the fixed channel assignment problem (FCAP) for large-scale cellular networks through partitioning the whole cellular network into several smaller sub-networks and then designing a sequential branch-and-bound algorithm that is made to solve the FCAP for them sequentially. The key issue of partition is to minimize the dependences of the sub-networks so that the proposed heuristics for solving smaller problems will suffer fewer constraints in searching for better assignments. The proposed algorithms perform well based on experimental results and they were applied to the Taiwan Cellular Cooperation (TCC) in ChungLi city to find better assignments for its network.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 1999

본고는 컴퓨터 게임 디자인의 학문적 연구를 위한 초기적 시론을 목적으로 한다. 수용자의 행동, 반응의 영역과 메시지의 소통의 디자인까지를 포괄하는 확장된 의미의 커뮤니케이션 디자인론의 설정을 통해 컴퓨터 게임 디자인을 새로운 커뮤니케이션 현상의 디자인으로 이해할 수 있다. 컴퓨터 게임의 커뮤니케이션으로서의 특징은 첫째, 기록과 그것의 단순한 재현으로서의 커뮤니케이션이 아니라 수용자의 창조적 재현이 중요한 매체이다. 둘째, 그 제작과정이 프로그램 공학과 멀티미디어 디자인의 종합적인 요소가 통합된 다층적인 것이다. 여기에 덧붙여 마크 포스터(Mark Poster)꼭 뉴 미디어 이론을 원용할 때 정보 시뮬레이션으로서 컴퓨터게임의 뉴 미디어적인 특성을 확인하게 된다. 이러한 이해는 앞으로의 컴퓨터 게임의 디자인은 단순한 기술구현과 시각적 형상의 창조를 넘어서 사물과 세계를 경험하는 방식의 창조성과 주체성을 연습하는 훈련의 장을 디자인하는 것으로 그 방향을 추구해야 하리라고 생각된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제5호
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• pp.59-65
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• 1995

This thesis focuses on a study of design science, which is of a disciplinary character. And the purpose of such a study is to suggest a new direction to develop aesthetics through an empirical research into environmental psychol-ogy, human behavior, design thought, and the visual qual-ity of environment. The author of this study, since recognizing the necessi-ty of understanding environmental aesthetics as well as the necessity of aesthetics, has done an elementary study of empirical aesthetes, and then obtained some facts as follows: First, it is possible to analyse the visual characteristics immanent in the interrelations between human and envi-ronment by means of applying both the information the-ory of formal perception and expressional value and the perceptual theory of ecology to environmental aesthetics. Second, formal aesthetics is a science about the form and structure and in the meantime, symbolic aesthetics is a science about the environmental patterns giving pleas-ure to mankind and its associative meanings. Accordingly it is same as providing some aesthetic value to the ob-ject of environment design to apply some empirical data of visual quality to environmental design. Through such a process, users are provided or delivered with diverse, visual effect. In conclusion, environmental aesthetics is worthwhile to study, and its purpose is that it, as a framework of use-ful knowledge to the creation of the environment superi-or in quality, be applied to design.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.67-71
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• 2000

The history of the paper industry has shown a strong technological evolution which has been an essential factor in achieving low cost, high quality paper products and in sustaining the strength of the industry. In the last decades paper machine development has been rapid. This has helped to establish paper as a "low cost" material. In future, the pressure from the competing media will only accelerate the technological efforts to improve cost and functional'||'&'||'not;ity of paper. In addition, in the future, technological advances will be combined with innovation in busi'||'&'||'not;ness concepts. Certain production methods are likely to be developed which will distribute current process stages outside the paper mill. Papermakers can begin to reduce their invest'||'&'||'not;ment risk by subcontracting large-scale base paper production but taking responsibility for the higher value finishing process stages. Finishing will be more closely integrated with the final use. The role of technology supplier to the paper industry will naturally evolve to reflect all these changes. Metso is already actively collaborating downstream in the different paper-related business chains. This collaboration will be crucial for implementation of new business and technology innovations in P'||'&'||'P industry and Metso will certainly benefit from its catalyst role in this transition.

• ALGAE
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2009

Imaging-PAM fluorometry was used to assess the chlorophyll a fluorescence parameter ${\Phi}_{PSII}$ (effective quantum yield) in Frcus vesiculosus. F. disttchus. ssp. distichus and AscophyIIum nodosum. The objective was to show variadon in fluorescence yield associated with age and frond organ, and to illustrate the spatial scales at which photosynthetic parameters vary on fucoid thalli. In addition, our species represented taxa in different but related genera, species with different ecoloeies (rock pool and non rock pool species), morphologies (with and without air bladders) and longevities (several to 20 or more years). A further objective was to determine the extent to which photosynthetic parameters reflected these differences- Effective quantum yield declined substantially with age in F. vesiculosus and F. distichus ssp. distichus, whereas ${\Phi}_{PSII}$ in A. nodosum was maximal after three years. In A. nodosum ${\Phi}_{PSII}$ was still high in branch segments at least seven years old. Older branches of A. nodosum showed relatively higher and more homogeneous photosynthetic capacity relative to Fucus species. Surfaces of air bladders in A. nodosum and F. vesicu- losus had ${\Phi}_{PSII}$ that was not significantly different from the highest rates, achieved in these species. The heterogene- ity of photosynthetic efficiency is consistent with morphological and developmental differences among the species and their ecology. in particular the longevity of A. nodosum fronds.

• 한국유통학회지:유통연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.57-76
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• 2001

텔레마케팅이 점차로 중요해지고 있으나 고객에게의 강매나 불법적인 판매와 같은 문제점도 나타나고 있다. 전화만으로 판매를 한다는 촉진방법상의 기본특성 때문에 고객지향성이 잘 되어야 함에도 불구하고, 그렇지 못한 경우가 미국과 우리나라에서 많이 발견되고 있다. 지난 80년대와 90년대에 미국에서 개발된 각종 고객지향성의 개념들이 미국과 우리나라에서 아직까지 텔레마케팅에 적용된 적이 거의 없다. 본 연구에서는 고객지향성을 크게 두가지 척도(순수고객지향성과 고객경쟁지향성)로 분류하여서 텔레마케팅 회사의 종업원이 이러한 고객지향성을 하는 것이 종업원들의 각종 만족(정보, 다양성, 완결성, 급여)에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 실증 분석하였다. 124명의 우리나라 텔레마케터들이 응답한 설문분석에 따라서 급속하게 증대하고 있는 직접유통활동(텔레마케팅)의 고객지향성에 대한 연구를 하였다는데 본 연구의 의의가 있다. 또한 본 연구는 면밀한 논리의 바탕 하에서 이론구축을 하는 연구(theory-oriented research with rationale) 보다는, 현실의 명확한 문제인식하에서 보다 적용성이 넓은 연구(application-oriented research with evidence)의 한 형태로서 텔레마케팅과 고객지향성을 연결시켰다는 데에 그 의의가 있다.