• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.28 no.2 s.50
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• pp.487-496
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• 1995

This study was performed for the comparison of the therapeutic efficiency between 6-month (2HERZ/4HER) and 9-month (9HER) short-course chemotherapy under the programe conditions for pulmonary tuberculosis in terms of sputum AFB negative conversion rate, remedial interruption rate and cost effectiveness analysis. Two hundreds and ninty three patients treated with 9HER and 641 treated with 2HERZ/4HER had been discharged from 22 health centers in Seoul from May 1, 1993 to April 30, 1994. Seven hundreds and seventeen was subsequently analysed excluding 217 patients due to remedial interruption. The results : 1. Bacteriological negative conversion rate in 9HER regimen and 2HERZ/4HER regimen was 97.8% and 96.4% respectively(p>0.05). But the early treatment period, negative conversion rate in 2HERZ/4HER regimen was very higher than in 9HER regimen(p<0.01). 2. Remedial interruption rate for 9HER regimen and 2HERZ/4HER regimen was 34.1% and 13.6% respectively. The primary reason for the interruption was transfering to other clinics and this interruption was high within 3months. 3. Cost effectiveness for 2HERZ/4HER regimen was higher than 9HER regimen. The difference cost effectiveness ratio was 2.33 at the first sputum test and 1.69 at the last sputum test.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.63 no.2
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• pp.248-260
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• 2020

Objective : To investigate the efficiency of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) fiber-tracking based neuronavigation and assess its usefulness in the preoperative surgical planning, prognostic prediction, intraoperative course and outcome improvement. Methods : Seventeen patients with cerebral masses adjacent to corticospinal tract (CST) were given standard magnetic resonance imaging and DTI examination. By incorporation of DTI data, the relation between tumor and adjacent white matter tracts was reconstructed and assessed in the neuronavigation system. Distance from tumor border to CST was measured. Results : The sub-portion of CST in closest proximity to tumor was found displaced in all patients. The chief disruptive changes were classified as follows : complete interruption, partial interruption, or simple displacement. Partial interruption was evident in seven patients (41.2%) whose lesions were close to cortex. In the other 10 patients (58.8%), delineated CSTs were intact but distorted. No complete CST interruption was identified. Overall, the mean distance from resection border to CST was 6.12 mm (range, 0-21), as opposed to 8.18 mm (range, 2-21) with simple displacement and 2.33 mm (range, 0-5) with partial interruption. The clinical outcomes were analyzed in groups stratified by intervening distances (close, <5 mm; moderated, 5-10 mm; far, >10 mm). For the primary brain tumor patients, the proportion of completely resected tumors increased progressively from close to far grouping (42.9%, 50%, and 100%, respectively). Five patients out of seven (71.4%) experienced new neurologic deficits postoperatively in the close group. At meantime, motor deterioration was found in six cases in the close group. All patients in the far and moderate groups received excellent (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score, 0-1) or good (mRS score, 2-3) rankings, but only 57.1% of patients in the close group earned good outcome scores. Conclusion : DTI fiber tracking based neuronavigation has merit in assessing the relation between lesions and adjacent white matter tracts, allowing prediction of patient outcomes based on lesion-CST distance. It has also proven beneficial in formulating surgical strategies.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.22-30
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• 2004

As an information-oriented society comes, many people use PC and depend on database that network server has. However, the online data can be missed when a blackout happens and also a power failure effects on standard of judgment on Power Quality. Thus, it is reason of a trend using interruption-free live-line work when a trouble happens to power system. However, the 83％ among the number of people who receive an electric shock experience when a laborer is doing interruption-free live-line works. In interruption-free method, the education and the training problem has been issued. However, we have a few instructors for that training. Furthermore, the trainees have short training period, just 4 weeks. In this paper, to develope the method that has no restriction of a time and place and reduce the wasteful materials, immersion type virtual reality(or environment) technology is used. The users of a 3D immersion type VR training system can interact with the system by doing same action in the real safe environment. Thus, it can be valuable to apply this training system to a dangerous work like as "Interruption-free live-line work exchanging COS(Cut-Out-Switch)". In this program, the user works with a instruction on the window and speaker and can't work other tasks until each part of the task completed. The workers using this system can use their hands and viewpoint movement as he is in a real environment but the trainee can't use all parts and senses of a real body with the current VR technology. Despite of this weak point, when we consider the trends of improvement in electrical devices and communication technology, we can say that 3D graphic VR application has a high potentiality.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.124-129
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• 2005

Reliability of electric power supply by power system becomes major issue as the electric power industry is recently being regulated. Also a change of environmental condition related to power supply reliability should be considered in the view of power supplier since the competition between energy-industries is strengthen. In other words, because customers may choose other energy source instead of electric power due to an expensive energy charge, enhancing recklessly the reliability of power supply might not be an essential strategy. So to effectively cope with this problem, it is necessary to perceive the reaction of customers against power supply reliability and interruption cost. This paper evaluates the annual interruption costs of customers by regional groups in Korea using a macro approach to cope with these internal and external environment. That is, the each ratio of customer's interruption costs to price of electric power charge is evaluated for public, service, agricultural, fishery, mining, manufactural, and residential consumption by every cities and provinces.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.373-385
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• 2021

In this study, the Korea Youth Policy Institute applied a self-registering model to verify the patterns of parental stress, multicultural youth psychological maladjustment, and interdependence between three factors by using five-point-time data tracked from middle school to high school. According to the analysis, First, Parent' stress at the time of the five surveys had a significant positive effect on the psychological maladjustment and the risk of academic interruption of multicultural adolescents at that point. Second, the psychological maladaptation of multicultural adolescents at the time of the previous five surveys had a significant positive effect on the risk of academic interruption at that point. Based on these analysis results, various support measures were proposed to cope with the stress of multicultural youth parents, and policy alternatives were proposed to prevent the risk of academic interruption by reducing the psychological maladjustment of multicultural youth.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.106-116
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• 2010

This research was conducted to determine the effect of interruption layer for capillary rise on the sand based growing media when growing Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) on soil reclamation and saline water irrigation. Growing media profile consists of three layers as top soil of 30 cm, 20 cm of the interruption layer for capillary rise and 10 cm of reclaimed paddy soil. Growing media profile was packed in 30 cm diameter column pots. The top soil was a mixture of sand dredged up from Lake Bhunam Tae Ahn, Korea and peat at the ratio of 95:5 by volume. Bottom part of column was covered with plastic net and the pots were soaked into 5 cm depth saline water reservoir with salinity $3-5\;dS\;m^{-1}$. Kentucky bluegrass was established by sod and irrigated using $2\;dS\;m^{-1}$ saline water ($5.7\;mm\;day^{-1}$) in 3 days interval. The results showed that the largest accumulation of salt in the spring with electrical conductivity in saturated extract (ECe) of $5.4\;dS\;m^{-1}$ and sodium absorption ratio (SAR) 34.0 in growing media without the interruption layer for capillary rise and ECe of $4.6\;dS\;m^{-1}$ and SAR 8.24 at growing media using gravel as the interruption layer for capillary rise material. The interruption layer for capillary rise of gravel and coarse sand reduced the accumulation of Na by 16% and 25%, ECe by 7% and 13% in the growing media. Visual quality of Kentucky bluegrass was higher in growing media with the interruption layer for capillary rise of gravel than no interruption layer by 8.3 compared to 7.9 in rates. The interruption layer for capillary rise of gravel and coarse sand enhanced the visual quality by 4.1 and 4.0%, root length by 50 and 38%, and root dry weight by 35 and 17% of Kentucky bluegrass, and reduced the accumulation of Na by 16% and 25%, ECe by 7% and 13% in the growing media.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.1119-1126
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• 2004

This paper presents optimized structured treatment interruption to reduce medication and establish long-term immune response against HIV-infection. Understanding HIV-related immune system control enables better HIV therapy without using full­treatments. Discrete regimen and continuous regimen characteristics are compared. Controllability of HIV-related immune system is analyzed for better understanding of optimal control in HIV therapy. Using optimal control provides more effective therapy than the full treatment without interruption in terms of controllability analysis. Case studies indicates that the proposed therapy induces long-erm non-progression while preserving high CD4 T-helper cell count and low virus load in HIV-infected patients.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.1283-1286
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• 2005

Arc Fault Current is an electric discharge which is occurred in two opposite electrode. In this paper, arc current control algorithm is designed for the interruption of arc fault current which is occurred in the local electric network. This arc is one of the main causes of electric fire. Arc fault in electrical network has the characteristics of low current, high impedance and high frequency. Conventional arc current controller does not have the arc current interrupt function. Hence, Controller of arc current is designed for the interruption of arc fault current which has the modified arc characteristics.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.12-14
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• 2003

This paper presents the small current interruption capability of $SF_6$ puffer circuit breaker considering pre-condition. Firstly, the change of dielectric strength of the 3 breakers was compared with testing breakers as clean contacts and eroded contacts after 3 shots of 760 according to new IEC 62271-100 standard. Also the dielectric strength curve of each model was calculated through flow and electric field simulations. From these results, we could modify the empirical equation, being used to predict the dielectric strength of small current interruption capability, considering the effects of pre-condition.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.556-559
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• 2004

This study was aimed to verify the acceptable contact force between power collector and 3rd rail type conductor rail for the Korean standardized rubber-tired AGT light rail vehicle. The power collector was designed and manufactured to satisfy the Korean standardized Specifications of the rubber-tired AGT light rail vehicle. Based on the dynamic behavior, contact force variation and interruption in the worst installation tolerance of the conductor rail, its initial contact force was set up. With rotary disk type equivalent test apparatus with circular conductor rail, the interruptions were measured. As the results, acceptable contact force was proposed to ensure power collection stability.