• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.444-467
• /
• 2023

Micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) have been acknowledged to play a key role in promoting innovation and economic development. In Peru, 99.5% of formal firms are MSMEs, thus promoting innovation in these firms could have a significant impact on the Peruvian economy. In spite of Innovate Peru's efforts, Peru is still one of the countries that invests the least in innovation, with MSMEs offering low value added. Innovate Peru has launched programs (technological missions) to improve MSMEs' innovation through technology-transfer-oriented subsidies, which may strengthen companies' absorptive capacity (AC) and thus their capabilities to identify and integrate internal and external knowledge. This study assesses the impact of these programs on MSMEs. Data were collected from 85 MSMEs that participated in Innovate Peru's technological missions between 2014 and 2016. Findings show that all the dimensions of AC have a positive impact on innovation; however, the impact of economic subsidy was found to be non-significant. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제51권2호
• /
• pp.139-151
• /
• 2024

In this research, a semi-analytical solution is presented for computing mechanical displacements and thermal stresses in rotating thick cylindrical pressure vessels made of functionally graded material (FGM). The modulus of elasticity, linear thermal expansion coefficient, and density of the cylinder are assumed to change along the axial direction as a power-law function. It is also assumed that Poisson's ratio and thermal conductivity are constant. This cylinder was subjected to non-uniform internal pressure and thermal loading. Thermal loading varies in two directions. The governing equations are derived by the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). Using the multilayer method, a functionally graded (FG) cylinder with variable thickness is divided into n homogenous disks, and n sets of differential equations are obtained. Applying the boundary conditions and continuity conditions between the layers, the solution of this set of equations is obtained. To the best of the researchers' knowledge, in the literature, there is no study carried out bi-directional thermoelastic analysis of clamped-clamped rotating FGM thick-walled cylindrical pressure vessels under variable pressure in the longitudinal direction.

• Clinical Endoscopy
• /
• 제55권1호
• /
• pp.136-140
• /
• 2022

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori is the first-line treatment for gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas; however, lesions may persist in 20% of patients after initial treatment, thereby necessitating the use of an additional therapeutic approach. Other treatment options include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, endoscopic resection, rituximab therapy, or watchful waiting. We present a case of localized gastric MALT lymphoma that did not respond to H. pylori eradication therapy. The patient waited for 12 months but the tumor showed no signs of regression endoscopically. Histologic examination revealed residual MALT lymphoma. The tumor was then successfully treated using endoscopic submucosal dissection and the patient remained disease-free for 4 years. To our knowledge, this is the first case in which a gastric MALT lymphoma was treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection. In conclusion, endoscopic resection may be recommended as second-line therapy for properly selected patients with gastric MALT lymphoma as it is effective and minimally invasive.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.89-101
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine how the variables of managerial competencies, namely transformational leadership, internal marketing, and structural influences, affect managerial performance through job satisfaction and customer orientation, by focusing on managers of clothing stores. Furthermore, the study aims to draw implications in connection with academic or practical start-ups that can improve management performance. Through examples of transformational leadership, internal marketing, and management performance of the previous study, the significance of the study is further stressed. Also, based on the previous study, this study empirically analyzes what results can be expected, focusing on managers of retail clothing stores, department stores, franchise stores, etc. In this study, we conduct an empirical analysis of 305 managers of retail clothing stores, department stores, franchise stores, etc. Because the results of the empirical analysis are from experiments at clothing stores first, it is found that managers' transformational leadership must go through a mediating effect process, which is job satisfaction for management performance. Second, it is found that transformational leadership must also go through a mediating effect process, which is customer orientation for management performance. Third, it is found that internal marketing must also go through a mediating effect process, which is job satisfaction for management performance. Therefore, as the researcher sought to verify, there is a complete mediating effect in retail clothing stores, department stores, franchise stores, etc., and it is confirmed that its role is significant. A study on whether or not entrepreneurship, as a control variable, affects business performance is conducted to find the statistical values that can be determine management performance when managers of retail clothing stores, department stores, and franchise stores answer entrepreneurial surveys with education- and knowledge-intensive backgrounds. As a result, with the statistical figures, it is confirmed that the managers are striving to improve their management performance based on their education- and knowledge-intensive backgrounds. Based on the research results, this study tried to test the parameters that can improve the management performance through empirical analysis centering on managers, Furthermore, the study attempted to draw implications for academic, practical, and start-ups that can improve management performance.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.115-130
• /
• 2000

This study was conducted to examine health behaviors in hypertensive patients and the factors that would affect these healthy life-styles. and to provide basic data for effective and continuous hypertension control in private medical facilities. Among those patients diagnosed as hypertension who had visited the Department of Internal Medicine of Yeungnam University Hospital during the two month period from August 2 to September 30, 1999, the present study included 222 patients who were in more than one month after the initial diagnosis of hypertension and those who had hypertension for less than 10 years. Using a structured questionnaire, the present study was conducted by a self-administered survey method, and the obtained data were analyzed with t-test, $x^2$-test and one-way analysis of variance using the SPSS statistical program. The scores on knowledge related to hypertension were higher as the education level of a patient was higher(p〈0.05). As for occupation, those who performed office or management jobs showed higher scores than those who were into manufacturing jobs, and as for economic status, although those patients who were in middle class showed highest scores, however, no statistical significance was observed. The scores of knowledge on hypertension was higher when the family history of hypertension was present(p〈0.05). The scores of health-related behaviors were higher with higher education level and higher economic status, higher in those with family history of hypertension, and higher in those with office or management jobs than those who had manufacturing jobs(p〈0.05). Blood pressure measurement on regular basis was performed most frequently in those who were between 50-59 years old with 83.3% and was least frequent in those who were older than 70 years old with 50%(p〈0.05). The frequency of regular blood pressure measurement was higher with higher education level, higher economic status, higher in those with family history of hypertension, and the highest in those with management position with 93.5%, however, on statistical significance was observed. Changes in health-related behaviors after hypertension diagnosis were higher with higher education level, higher economic status, and in those patients performed office or management work. In particular, diet change was observed in female and higher economic status and smoking cessation was observed in 60-69 years old. Housewives and office workers or managers have taken exercise more regularly and those who had management jobs and had high scores on knowledge related to hypertension would participate health education program more actively. Thus, for improving health-related behaviors for continuous management of hypertension, changes in health-related behaviors can be followed through conduction health education to improve understanding of knowledge related to hypertension as the method of helping to improve changes in health life-styles in those with little education and those in low economic status.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.357-367
• /
• 1990

This descriptive study was done to identify factors influencing sexual satisfaction in women who had had a hysterectomy and to compare these with women who had not had a hysterectomy. The purpose was to contribute theoretical understanding on which to base nursing care planning. One group of subjects were 156 women who had had a hysterectomy, between one and 18 months post surgery, living with their spouse, having no complications, and menstruating before surgery. The other group of subjects were 282 healthy women who were living with their husbands and menstruating. The study tool consisted of 108 items including item concerning personal characteristics, characteristics related to the hysterectomy, husband's support, body image, emotions, attitude toward the sexual relationship, knowledge of sexuality, sexual behavior, and sexual satisfaction. Sexual satisfaction was measured by a tool based on Derogatis Sexual Function Inventory. The range of the internal level of the study tool was from. 5208 to .9462. Data collection was done during the period from June 20 to Aug.20, 1989. The same questionnaire was used of data collection for both groups, but a mail survey method was used for the women who had had a hysterectomy, and an interview method was used for the women who had not had a hysterectomy. Data analysis was done using frequency, ratio, mean and S.D. for the characterstics of the subjects and level of sexual satisfaction. t - test or ANOVA was used for the differences between the groups with regard to the general and hysterectomy related characteristics. The relationship between the score for sex life related factors and the level of sexual satisfaction was analyzed using the Pearson Correlation, and the influencing factors on sexual satisfaction were analyzed by stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows ; 1. Mean age and income level were the only general characteristics for the two groups that were significantly different. The mean age, and income level of the group who had had a hysterectomy were 45years, and 1,150,000 won respectively, and for those who had not had a hysterectomy, 41 years and 999,000 won. 2. There was no statistical difference of the sexual satisfaction score between the two groups. 3. There was differences in the factors influencing sexual satisfaction between the two groups. Factors influencing sexual satisfaction for the group who had had a hysterectomy were husband's support (R＝.5793, P＝.000) and the women's Knowledge of sexuality(R＝.6670, P＝.000) (total variance : 33.56). On the other hand, emotional status(R＝.4294, P＝.000), sexual behavior(R＝.4294, P＝.000), husband's support(R＝.5274, P＝.000) and attitude towards sexual relations (R＝.5412, P＝.000) (total variance : 54.12) were the factors influencing sexual satisfaction in the group who had not had a hysterectomy. Since husband's support and sexuality knowledge were identified as factors influencing sexual satisfaction of women who have had a hysterectomy, it can be concluded that, before a woman who has had a hysterectomy is discharged from hospital, nurses should include strategies in the nursing care plan that will promote husband's support and the women's knowledge of sexuality.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.40-75
• /
• 2007

In the early industrial age which with high intensity of machine and labor, using financial measurement index was good enough to tie in company's mechanization and philosophy of management and been in efficiency. But being comply with "New Economic age," a new economic environment is full of knowledge and information, the enterprise competition had changed from tangible assets, plants to intangible innovation ability of knowledge. As recognizing the new tendency by enterprise, they value gradually the growth and influence from learning. Practice of organization learning not only needs firm structure and be in coordination with both hardware and software, but also needs an affect measurement model to offer enterprise to estimate learning performance. It's a good instrument of financial performance measure mold in the past years, But it's for measuring the past, couldn't formulate enterprise trend to future, hard to estimate investment for future, such as development of products, organization learning, knowledge management etc, as which intangible assets and knowledge ability just the key factors of being win around competition environment in the future. In 1992, Kaplan and Norton brought up Balance Scorecard (BSC) on Harvard Business Review, as an instrument helping enterprise to measure performance, which is being considered to be a most influence management instrument. It added non-financial index such as customer, internal process and learning growth besides traditional financial index, as offering enterprise an index to measure and manage intangible assets and intellectual property. As being aware of organization learning is hard to be ignored in the new economic age, this research is based on learning and growth of BSC, and citing one national material company try to let the most difficult measurement performance of organization learning, to be estimate through BSC, analyze of factor and individual case, to discuss the company how to make the related strategy and vision of organization learning to develop learning and growth of the structure of BSC, subject the matter of out put factors to be discussed, and measure the outcomes as a result of research. The research affect offers (1) the base implement procedure of carrying out BSC; (2) the reference of formulating measurement index while enterprise using BSC to estimate performance of organization learning; (3) the possibility bottleneck maybe forcing while carrying out BSC, to be an improvement or preventive for enterprise.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to define the content of the requisite knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs needed for clinical knowledge for nursing practice. Contents of knowlege on pathological physiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs were constructed from syllabus of basic nursing subjects in 4 colleges of nursing, and textbooks. The degree of need of 72 items was measured with a 4 point scale. The subjects of this study were college-graduated 136 nurses from seven university hospital in Seoul and three in Chonnam Province, Kyungbook Province, and Inchon. They have been working at internal medicine ward, surgical ward, intensive care unit, obstetrics and gynecology ward, pediatrics ward, opthalmology ward, ear, nose, and throat ward, emergency room, rehabilitation ward, cancer ward, and hospice ward. The results were as follows : 1. The highest scored items of the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs necessary for nursing practice were side effects of drugs, anticoagulants, mechanisms of drugs, antihypertensive drugs, tolerance and addiction of drugs, interactions among drugs, hospital infection in the order of importance. The lowest scored item was structure of microorganisms. 2. The highest order of need according to unit was repair in tissue injury unit, definition etiology classification of inflammation in inflammation unit, transplantation and immunologic response in alterations in immunity unit, thrombus and thrombosis in disorders of cardiovascular function unit, gene disorders in genetic disorders unit, hospital infection in infection unit, virus in microorganisms unit, side reactions of drugs in introduction unit, anticonvulsants in drugs for central nervous system unit, local anesthesia in anesthesia unit, anticoagulants in drugs for cardiovascular system unit, anti-inflammatory drugs in antibiotics unit, anti-ulcer drugs in drugs for digestive system unit, and bronchodilators in drugs for respiratory system unit. 3. The common content of the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs needed for all clinical areas in nursing were side effects of drugs, anticoagulants, interactions among drugs, and hospital infection. However, the degree of need of each pathological physiology, clinical microbiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs was different depending on clinical areas. 4. Significant differences in the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs necessary for nursing practice such as tissue changes due to injurious stimuli, degenerative changes of tissue, alterations in metabolism of carbohydrates, ischemia, hyperemia and congestion, hospital infection, structure of microorganism, classification of microorganism, bacteria, virus, antidepressants, antipsychotic drugs, antiemetic drugs, antiparkinsonism drugs, antianxiety drugs, antibiotics, tuberculostatics, antiviral drugs, antifungal drugs, parasiticides, antiulcer drugs, antidiarrheais, and anti constipation drugs were shown according to the work area. 5. Significant differences in the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs necessary for nursing practice such as transplantation and immunologic response, alterations in the metabolism of uric acid, structure of microorganism, classification of microorganism, immunosuppressants, drugs for congestive heart failure were demonstrated according to the duration of work. Based on these findings, all the 72 items constructed by Korean Academic Society of Basic Nursing science should be included as contents of the knowledge of pathophysiology, clinical microbiology, and mechanisms and effects of drugs.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• 제40권6호
• /
• pp.657-670
• /
• 2020

The knowledge-information-processing competency is the most essential competency in a knowledge-information-based society and is the most fundamental competency in the new problem-solving ability. Data-driven science inquiry, which emphasizes how to find and solve problems using vast amounts of data and information, is a way to cultivate the problem-solving ability in a knowledge-information-based society. Therefore, this study aims to develop a teaching-learning model and strategy for data-driven science inquiry and to verify the validity of the model in terms of knowledge information processing competency. This study is developmental research. Based on literature, the initial model and strategy were developed, and the final model and teaching strategy were completed by securing external validity through on-site application and internal validity through expert advice. The development principle of the inquiry model is the literature study on science inquiry, data science, and a statistical problem-solving model based on resource-based learning theory, which is known to be effective for the knowledge-information-processing competency and critical thinking. This model is titled "Exploratory Scientific Data Analysis" The model consisted of selecting tools, collecting and analyzing data, finding problems and exploring problems. The teaching strategy is composed of seven principles necessary for each stage of the model, and is divided into instructional strategies and guidelines for environment composition. The development of the ESDA inquiry model and teaching strategy is not easy to generalize to the whole school level because the sample was not large, and research was qualitative. While this study has a limitation that a quantitative study over large number of students could not be carried out, it has significance that practical model and strategy was developed by approaching the knowledge-information-processing competency with respect of science inquiry.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.525-536
• /
• 1999

The result of this study may be abstracted as follows. 1) The study was done on 48.3% seniors(138), 34.3% sophomores. and 17.5% juniors mostly ranging in age from 21 to 22, the largest number of students at 38.1%(109) were Christian. followed by 31.5%(90) were Confucian. 20.6%(59) who were Catholic. and 9.1%(26)who were Buddhist. 2) Concerning the economic views. 46.8%(134) preferred Capitalism 40.9%(117) preferred a combination of Capitalism and Socialism, 8.7%(25) were for more or less Socialistic in view point, and 3.5%(10) for Socialism. 3) Among the internal factors causing poverty, 'lack of ability(knowledge)', scored the highest at 3.528, and 'beauty or appearance' scored the lowest at 1.570. Social factors scored high in 'bad economic/tax policies' at 3.374 and 'low average in wages' at 3.364. Among family matters, 'not much money at home' scored the highest at 3.273, and 'low expectation of success in poor families' scored the lowest at 2.315. On concerns of fate and destiny. 'bad luck' turned out to be the most likely cause of poverty with the score of 2.619. and 'destined poverty' was the least likely cause with the score of 1.969. 4) The high scoring economical consequences of poverty was 'not able to do as one desires' at 3.965, and 'no money to buy things wanted' at 3.804. 'Gets tired of life' (4.028) scored high in psychological consequences showing that poverty affects these matters greatly. 'Looked down on by others' (3.538) scored high in social circumstances, and 'feels like a burden to society' scored low at 2.080. Among family matters. 'hard life' scored high at 4.210, and 'low morality' scored low at 1.972. 5) Significant differences(p= .00) were found between economic views and what significance certain internal factors caused poverty these differences were also related to a reliance on religion, economic views, and economic status. Significant differences were also found between economic status and internal factors causing poverty(p= .04), economic point of view and social factors(p= .01). and economical point of view and luck related matters, (p = .01) When the consequences of poverty were considered. psychological factors such as 'hate towards oneself', 'tired of life', and 'afraid of the future' showed significant differences in relation to economic status. (p = .02) Family matters also showed significant differences in relation to economic status(p= .03), With personal characteristics and wealth causing factors, significant differences were found between a person's economic point of view and ecinomic status when considering and internal or social factors.