• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.422-429
• /
• 2011

The critical fluid velocity of cantilevered cylindrical shells subjected to internal fluid flow is investigated in this study. The fluid-structure interaction is considered in the analysis. The cantilevered cylindrical shell is supported intermediately at an arbitrary axial position. The intermediate support is simulated by two types of artificial springs: translational and rotational spring. It is assumed that the artificial springs are placed continuously and uniformly on the middle surface of an intermediate support along the circumferential direction. The steady flow of fluid is described by the classical potential flow theory. The motion of shell is represented by the first order shear deformation theory (FSDT) to account for rotary inertia and transverse shear strains. The effect of internal fluid can be considered by imposing a relation between the fluid pressure and the radial displacement of the structure at the interface. Numerical examples are presented and compared with existing results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 2000.04a
• /
• pp.21-25
• /
• 2000

An inverse finite element approach is employed for more capability to design the optimum blank shape from the desired final shape with small amount of expense and computation time For multi-stage sheet metal forming processes numerical analysis is expense difficult to carry out the to its complexities and convergence problem. It also requires lots of computation time. For the analysis of elliptic cup with large aspect ratio intermediate sliding constraint surfaces are difficult to describe. in this paper multi-stage finite element inverse analysis is applied to multi-stage elliptic cup drawing processes to calculate intermediate blank shapes and strain distributions in each stages. To describe intermediate sliding constraint surfaces an analytic scheme is introduced to deal with merged-arc type sliding surfaces.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.49.2-49.2
• /
• 2010

In order to understand the configuration of magnetic field producing a solar penumbral microjet that was recently discovered by Hinode, we performed a magnetohydrodynamic simulation reproducing a dynamic process of how that configuration is formed in a modeled solar penumbral region. A horizontal magnetic flux tube representing a penumbral filament is placed in a stratified atmosphere containing the background magnetic field that is directed in a relatively vertical direction. Between the flux tube and the background field there forms the intermediate region in which the magnetic field has a transitional configuration, and the simulation shows that in the intermediate region magnetic reconnection occurs to produce a clear jet- like structure as suggested by observations. The result that a continuous distribution of magnetic field in three-dimensional space gives birth to the intermediate region producing a jet presents a new view about the mechanism of a penumbral microjet, compared to a simplistic view that two field lines, one of which represents a penumbral filament and the other the background field, interact together to produce a jet. We also discuss the role of the intermediate region in protecting the structure of a penumbral filament subject to microjets.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.347-360
• /
• 2017

The problem of cylindrical cavity expansion incorporating deformation dependent of intermediate principal stress in rock or soil mass is investigated in the paper. Assumptions that the initial axial total strain is a non-zero constant and the axial plastic strain is not zero are defined to obtain the numerical solution of strain which incorporates deformation-dependent intermediate principal stress. The numerical solution of plastic strains are achieved by the 3-D plastic potential functions based on the M-C and generalized H-B failure criteria, respectively. The intermediate principal stress is derived with the Hook's law and plastic strains. Solution of limited expansion pressure, stress and strain during cylindrical cavity expanding are given and the corresponding calculation approaches are also presented, which the axial stress and strain are incorporated. Validation of the proposed approach is conducted by the published results.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.243-248
• /
• 2004

Disk galaxies abound with intermediate-scale structures such as OB star complexes, giant clouds, and dust spurs in a close geometrical association with spiral arms. Various mechanisms have been proposed as candidates for their origin, but a comprehensive theory should encompass fundamental physical agents such as self-gravity, magnetic fields, galactic differential rotation, and spiral arms, all of which are known to exist in disk galaxies. Recent numerical simulations incorporating all these physical processes show that magneto-Jeans instability (MJI), in which magnetic tension resists the stabilizing Coriolis force of galaxy rotation, is much more powerful than swing-amplification or the Parker instability in forming self-gravitating intermediate-scale structures. The MJI occurring in shearing and expanding flows off spiral arms rapidly forms structures elongated along the direction perpendicular to the arms, remarkably similar to dust spurs seen in HST images of spiral galaxies. In highly nonlinear stages, these spurs fragment to form bound clumps, possibly evolving into bright arm and interarm H II regions, suggesting that all these intermediate-scale structures in spiral galaxies probably share a common dynamical origin.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.144-151
• /
• 1988

Between any two points in the Cartesian space, the straight motion has many distinct advantages in path/trajectory plannings, specially in a crowded workspace. But to achieve this motion is a nontrivial task. One standard way to approximate this motion is to plae enough intermediate points along the desired path and linearly interpolate two adjacent intermediate points in the joint space. In this approach, however, the determination of the minimum number of intermediate points is very important from several aspects. A scheme that can effectively accomplish this purpose is established in this paper. This scheme is based on several search methods. The results are demonstrated using the PUMA 560 series manipulator.

• East Asian mathematical journal
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.63-71
• /
• 2012

The aim of this article is to study an implicit iteration process with errors for a finite family of non-Lipschitzian asymptotically non expansive mappings in the intermediate sense in Banach spaces. Also we establish some strong convergence theorems and a weak convergence theorem for said scheme to converge to a common fixed point for non Lipschitzian asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in the intermediate sense. The results presented in this paper extend and improve the corresponding results of [1], [3]-[8], [10]-[11], [13]-[14], [16] and many others.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.1018-1024
• /
• 2008

Photolysis of 2-(pentamethyldisilanyloxy)phenylpentamethyldisilane 1 in methanol provides five photoproducts 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. Compounds 3 and 4 were probably formed from the methanol addition reactions of silene intermediate 2 and the formation of 5, 6, and 7 can best be explained by the nucleophilic attack of methanol to silicon atom in pentamethyldisilanyloxy or pentamethyldisilanyl group of the photoexcited state of 1. Irradiation of 1 in n-hexane gives a photoproduct 6 via silyl radical intermediate 8 and a novel intramolecular cyclization photoproduct 11 via silene 9 and silyl radical intermediate 10. Irradiation of 1 in deaerated methylene chloride in the presence of acetone affords a novel photoproduct 11 and phenol 7 but the expected photoproducts from the reaction of the silene intermediate with acetone were not obtained.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 1984

This paper considers the intermediate warehouse location problem in a two stage distribution system where commodities are delivered from the given set of capacitated factories to customers via uncapacitated intermediate warehouses. In order to determine the subset of warehouses to open which minimizes the total distribution costs including the fixed costs associated with opening warehouses, the cross decomposition method for mixed integer programming recently developed by T.J. Van Roy is used. The cross decomposition unifies Benders decomposition and Lagrangean relaxation into a single framework that involves successive solutions to a primal subproblem and a dual subproblem. In our problem model, primal subproblem turns out to be a transshipment problem and dual subproblem turns out to be an intermediate warehouse location problem with uncapacitated factories.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 1987

Prior studies on child development have focused mainly on environmental variables including mother variations. However, several studies proved that child variables, especially inherited temperament, influence or change the environment. The current study investigates the temperament of 5 - to 8 - month - old infants. One hundred and forty-three mothers of the infants responded to the RITQ that was devised by Carey and McDevitt (1978). The RITQ examined 9 temperamental categories. Based on the score, the subjects were divided into five subgroups-Difficult, Slow-to-Warm-Up, Intermediate High, Intermediate-Low, and Easy. The important findings are as following : (1) There were significant sex differences. Females appeared to have significantly more representation in the slow-to-warm-up, intermediate-high, and intermediate-low groups. There were more males in the easy group. In the comparison of the two sexes as to the mean score in the nine categories males were found to be more approaching, less intensive, positive mood, and highly distractible. (2) Infants' temperament was not related to the mothers' education level and their work status. (3) The mothers' global ratings were consistent with subgroup temperament characteristics.