• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.96-104
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• 2013

Coal gasification is considered as one of the best alternatives among clean coal technology and new concept next generation technologies are under being developed to achieve low cost as well as high efficiency. In this study we have developed double swirl multi-burner as part of the development of low cost compact gasifier. We installed new concept multi-burner with pulverized coal distributor to the body of existing gasifier for burner test. Gasification test was performed under the condition of $6.4{\sim}7.2kg/cm^2$ and $1170{\sim}1300^{\circ}C$ by using Indonesian ABK (sub-bituminous) coal to get operation condition of new concept multi-burner. Our interest was focused to ensure a stable operating condition rather than the gasifier performance evaluation. As a result, we were able to achieve the carbon conversion of 84% and the cold gas efficiency of 52.1% at the stable operating conditions.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.122-143
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• 2014

The purpose of this research were to develop program of elementary school technology education using history of technology and to learn about its effect. In order to accomplish the purpose of the research, we developed the program by referring to various records and perform the qualitative experiment study through several questionnaire, pictures and materials, to learn about the program effect. The research took the mixed-model design, consisted of collection of quantitative data by Likert scale and collection of qualitative data including the open-ended questions. And the research results were as below. First, development of elementary school technology education program using history of technology was developed as program for 12 hours, 12 themes, for the elementary levels. Second, seeing the result of program of elementary school technology education using history of technology, the program for history of technology for the primary school students, a majority of answers showed high satisfaction about the program, giving answers such as 'I want to do it again following hands on minds on activity.' Third, according to the analysis on the qualitiative evidence of the program, students were found to take pictures with hands on minds on activity camera obscura with much interest and curiosity. Many students are seen to complete the task on their own with a great a look of self-satisfaction, understanding the principle of camera.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.433-440
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• 2018

As government research and development projects become more important, such as the creation of future-oriented growth engines and expansion of budgets, the future vision of R&D is presented through paradigm shifts such as efficiency, investment direction and strategy. On the other hand, research and interest in sanctions are poor, and this paper examines legal grounds, comparative analysis of laws, and cases outside the country, draws implications for domestic applications, have. In addition, we will contribute to the prevention of damages caused by neglect, or the transparency of the execution of research funds. This study was conducted by comparing the characteristics of government R&D and sanctions with the sanctions for the top three R&D investment related SMEs. In Korea, starting with the introduction of sanctions in 2001, the moral hazard of research and development has been prevented through the cumulative violation of aggravation, expansion of the period of restriction of participation, and the introduction of a strikeout system. Nevertheless, fraudulent use of business expenses is constantly being detected. In order to ensure maximum autonomy and stronger responsibility than strong institutions, the willingness of the researchers to execute transparent business expenses, the moral approach to public resources, Precedence of recognition conversion is important.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.210-216
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• 2015

Purpose of this study was a development of an image processing algorithm to recognize paprika and acquire it's 3D coordinates from stereo images to precisely control an end-effector of a paprika auto harvester. First, H and S threshold was set using HSI histogram analyze for extracting ROI(region of interest) from raw paprika cultivation images. Next, fundamental matrix of a stereo camera system was calculated to process matching between extracted ROI of corresponding images. Epipolar lines were acquired using F matrix, and $11{\times}11$ mask was used to compare pixels on the line. Distance between extracted corresponding points were calibrated using 3D coordinates of a calibration board. Non linear regression analyze was used to prove relation between each pixel disparity of corresponding points and depth(Z). Finally, the program could calculate horizontal(X), vertical(Y) directional coordinates using stereo camera's geometry. Horizontal directional coordinate's average error was 5.3mm, vertical was 18.8mm, depth was 5.4mm. Most of the error was occurred at 400~450mm of depth and distorted regions of image.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.303-316
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• 2007

Even though many approaches for reuse have been introduced, software engineers are still hesitating to reuse existing software components. Among various reasons for the phenomena, the most significant one is that existing approaches failed to give substantial benefit for the reduction of developers' effort in reusing software assets. To solve this problem, we introduce a custom reuse model utilizing diverse aspects of components specified by RAS and services oriented architecture. We also carried out a case study to demonstrate its feasibility and evaluated it by comparing it to an existing code-based software reuse process. The proposed reuse model helps in the reduction of effort in reusing existing components by decreasing the time for searching and understanding them. Compared to other approaches such as product line engineering, our approach for software reuse using MPC does not require much initial work for implementing the reuse model in different projects. It is of interest to software engineers who are worried about heavy investment, which can cause the delay in their usual development work. Furthermore, the proposed reuse model is not mutually exclusive with other approaches for software reuse such as CBSD or product line engineering. It can accelerate the benefits gained from them.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 2004

Backgrounds: It was thought that sport was related with mentality. Compared to psychology, psychiatry has so far paid rather little attention to athletes. In this overview, I attempted to introduce the ideas of various observers of sports with the view of clinical psychiatry and summarized basic principle role of psychiatrist. Results and Discussions : To understand the athletic frame of mind, it is helpful to observe athletes in their psychologic development and when we do so we can quickly see trends that are not apparent by observing mature athletes alone. Psychobiology of sport would discuss some of the endogenous neurochemicals(hormone, neurotransmitter) that may be part and parcel of the athlete's psychiatric status. The psychological problems that frequently interfere with training and competition may be divided into five categories 1) choke, 2) slump, 3) injury, 4) interpersonal problem, 5) training dilemma. Psychiatric problem also arise in athletes like general people. various method for psychiatric patients like psychotherapy, group therapy, family systems perspective, and pharmacotherapy could been applied to sports psychiatry. Conclusions Although the contribution of sports psychiatry to sport is clinical one, psychiatrist's interest in role and conflict of athlete would enhance the molding of humanistic athletes who enjoy their life and sports.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.154-171
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• 2006

By comparing to Chinese American banks, this research shows the uniqueness of Korean American banks. This article argues that instead of the cultural attributes and/or informal financial institutions, formal financial institutions, such as the ethnic banks studied here, are responsible for the business success of Asians abroad. However, ethnic banks have different development trajectories depending on their respective ethnic communities. Korean American banks are notably different from Chinese American banks in terms of growth, profitability, and banking strategies. Although both ethnic banks exercise relationship banking strategies in their loan portfolios, their deposit compositions are very different and cause significant differences in financial performance. The focus on business loans and high rates of non-interest deposits allow for higher growth rates in Korean American banks. Therefore, relationship banking does not adequately explain the differences of ethnic banks. This research attempts to understand the underlying factors in choosing banking strategies by mainly focusing on the unique examples found in Korean and Chinese immigrant societies. For Chinese Americans, the heterogeneity of their population composition and foreign influence dominate their bank structures. On the other hand, Korean American homogeneity and business orientation are distinctly different. The influence of Korean capital is not significant when compared to overseas Chinese capital.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 2012

The role of the kidney in combating metabolic acidosis has been a subject of considerable interest for many years. The present study was aimed to determine whether there is an altered regulation of renal acid base transporters in acute and chronic acid loading. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Metabolic acidosis was induced by administration of $NH_4Cl$ for 2 days (acute) and for 7days (chronic). The serum and urinary pH and bicarbonate were measured. The protein expression of renal acid base transporters [type 3 $Na^+/H^+$ exchanger (NHE3), type 1 $Na^+/{HCO_3}^-$ cotransporter (NBC1), Na-$K^+$ ATPase, $H^+$-ATPase, anion exchanger-1 (AE-1)] was measured by semiquantitative immunoblotting. Serum bicarbonate and pH were decreased in acute acid loading rats compared with controls. Accordingly, urinary pH decreased. The protein expression of NHE3, $H^+$-ATPase, AE-1 and NBC1 was not changed. In chronic acid loading rats, serum bicarbonate and pH were not changed, while urinary pH was decreased compared with controls. The protein expression of NHE3, $H^+$-ATPase was increased in the renal cortex of chronic acid loading rats. These results suggest that unaltered expression of acid transporters combined with acute acid loading may contribute to the development of acidosis. The subsequent increased expression of NHE3, $H^+$-ATPase in the kidney may play a role in promoting acid excretion in the later stage of acid loading, which counteract the development of metabolic acidosis.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.429-448
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to present the development direction of future reading education by examining the characteristics of reading materials within the high school textbook developed as the 2015 revised curriculum. For this purpose, reading materials of high school textbooks were analyzed in Korean language, mathematics, English, integrated science, and integrated social studies. The analysis criteria of reading materials were subject type, purpose, and student activities. As a result of the study, reading materials on various themes such as humanity, liberty, culture, environment, and district were presented in the integrated society and integrated science textbook of the 2015 revised curriculum. In particular, the Korean language curriculum was composed of a unit called "reading one book in one semester". However, most reading materials have no guidance on reading effective or reading direction, and lack of reading materials and information for extended reading. The reader's reading of the textbook was found to be simply supplementing the learning content of each unit or presenting fragmentary cues for conceptual purposes. This suggests that there is a lack of awareness of students' interest in reading, internalization of reading, and extension of reading. In this paper, we suggest supplementary materials of reading materials for expanding the high school textbooks, and explore the developmental relationship between textbooks and reading education through suggestions on aspects of textbook composition and teaching methods.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.1785-1794
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine differences between nursery teachers and kindergarten teachers in their perception on key elements of effective interactions and enhanced teaching competence. The subject of the study were 143 early childhood teachers in the Y region of Gyeonggi-do. The collected data was processed through frequency and percentage. For difference test, ${\chi}^2$ tests were conducted. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, both nursery teachers and kindergarten teachers perceived that listening and playing were the most important factors in effective interactions between young children and teachers. However, nursery teachers perceived the interaction through skin-ship and complimenting to be more important whereas kindergarten teachers perceived questioning and complimenting as necessary. For the teaching criteria, nursery teachers put more weights on playing while kindergarten teachers focus more on explaining and coorperating. In addition, about evaluation methods, nursery teachers perceived self-evaluation as important, whereas kindergarten teachers perceived observation notes as important. Second, about the elements to strengthen teaching competence, nursery teachers perceived that observation records should be utilized for understanding interest or desire. They also believe that development analysis and teaching methods should be improved through systematical teaching plan and evaluation and that enhancement of teaching material and education are necessary. In contrast, kindergarten teachers perceived that observation records should be utilized for teaching plan and development analysis and teaching methods should be improved through participating in the meetings related to career and education. They believe that providing a prize money through supervising evaluation is necessary.