• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.737-739
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• 2010

In this paper, the subthreshold characteristics have been alanyzed using MicroTec4.0 for double gate MOSFET(DGMOSFET). The technology for characteristic analysis of device for high integration is changing rapidly. Therefore to understand characteristics of high-integrated device by computer simulation and fabricate the device having such characteristics became one of very important subjects. The oxide thickness and channel thickness in DG MOSFET determines threshold voltage and extensively influences on Ss(Subthreshold swing). We have investigated the threshold voltage and Ss(Subthreshold swing) characteristics according to variation of channel thickness from 1nm to 3nm in this study.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.3 no.1 s.5
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• pp.95-108
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• 2001

The provision of spatial data is a key infrastructural requirement for the promotion of economic growth, environmental quality, social progress, etc. 4S technology integrates 4 kinds of systems that process spatial data: GIS (Geographic Information System), GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), ITS (Intelligent Transport System), and SIIS (Spatial Imagery Information System). Spatial data processing field is expected to get synergy effect and overcomes development limit of individual unit technology via 4S technology. This paper discusses both the development of 4S-kernel technology and the construction of 4S-based framework, In the development of 4S kernel technology, we will concentrate on the following issues: the development of 4S base components for reciprocity integration among GIS, SIIS, GNSS and ITS technologies, the development of 4S-Mobile S/W and H/W, 4S-Van components, and national LBS technologies. And in the construction of 4S-based framework, we will especially concentrate on the ISP for overall 4S technologies, the international cooperative research center, and the guide model deduction for supervision and certification of 4S projects. Finally, we examine about how the construction of 4S-baed framework affects 4S industry.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.35-45
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• 2000

this paper presents the concept of "mobile ATM', a proposal for third-generation (3G) mobile communication network infrastructure capable of supporting flexible evolution of radio technologies from today's cellular and data services towards future wireless multimedia services. Mobile ATM provides generic mobility management and QoS-based transport capabilities suitable for integration of multiple radio access technologies including cellular voice. wireless data, and future broadband wireless services. The architecture of a mobile ATM network is outlined in terms of the newly-defined "W-UNI" interface at the radio link and "M-UNI"and "M-UNI" interface which supports unified access for WATM and non-ATM mobile terminals through corresponding interworking functions (IWF) is explained. leading to an understanding of how different radio access technologies are supported by the same ATM-based core network infrastructure. Generic mechanisms for handoff and location management within the core mobile network are discussed. and related protocol extensions over the "W-UNI" and "M-UNI/NNI"interfaces are proposed. the issue of "crossover switch (COS)" selection in mobile ATM is considered, and a unified handoff signaling syntax which supports flexibility in COS selection is described. Typical signaling sequences for call connection and handoff using the proposed protocols are outlined. Experimental results form a proof-of-concept mobile ATM network prototype are presented in conclusion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.40-44
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• 2002

The increase of vehicles stagnations leads to the increasing attention to the way customers pay and a large number of projects on electronic cash system. Transport system is comprised of a number of advanced technologies, including information processing, communications, control, and electronics. Recently many research on a system which provides contact in order to protect driver's vehicle passage have been carried out. And some potential problems from that system are being reviewed by electronic cash system. In this papers, we suggest RF protocol developing technology using the concept of electronic cash. ATM electronic cash developing is consist of component of pre-developed coin throw, integration of component using its, and production of more requirement-satisfactory ITS solution. Result increase 15~40% pre-type vehicles stagnations. Especially, we expect this proposed concept would be well adapted to our national environments.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.58.2-58.2
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• 2018

Theoretically, the magnetic helicity transport flux through the solar surface into the upper atmosphere can be estimated indefinitely precisely by magnetic field footpoint tracking if the observational resolution is infinitely fine, even with magnetic flux emergence or submergence. In reality, the temporal and spatial resolutions of observations are limited. When magnetic flux emerging or submerging, the footpoint velocity goes to infinity and the normal magnetic field vanishes at the polarity inversion line. A finite observational resolution thus generates a blackout area in helicity flux estimation near the polarity inversion line. It is questioned how much magnetic helicity is underestimated with a footpoint tracking method due to the absence of information in the blackout area. We adopt the analytical models of Gold-Hoyle and Lundquist force-free flux ropes and let them emerging from below the solar surface. The observation and the helicity integration can start at different emerging stages of the flux rope, i.e., the photospheric plane initially cuts the flux rope at different levels. We calculate the magnetic helicity of the flux rope below the photospheric level, which is eventually to emerge, except the helicity hidden in the region to be swept by the blackout area with different widths. Our calculation suggests that the error in the integrated helicity flux estimate is about half of the real value or even larger when small scale magnetic structures emerge into the solar atmosphere.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.24-35
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• 2011

This paper demonstrates a methodology of integrated operation and management system for intermodal connectivity center (ICC), which is planning to be build up as a large scale public transit facilities for green growth strategy by the national government. The ICC needs to be capable of providing the integrated location based information for the public transit users in terms of collaborating a variety of transit modes and complex facility in a large scale center. Recently, the upcoming information and communication technologies enable to come up with real time information provision on nomadic and portable devices, i.e. smart phones and/or tablet PCs, as what the users actually need to get on demand. In order to provide the public transit users in ICC with the integrated information on their smart phones for example, the integrated operation and management system plays a key role to collect the data utilizing the wireless communication with real time location tracking and to manage them to be effective and operational sources for applicable personalized services. Thus, this paper defines a type of services, subsystems, and relevant technologies for the system integration so called a "Smart Garatagi Service" and shows a filed test demonstration case in the existing airport terminal, Gimpo Domestic.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.385-400
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• 2008

This study investigates how Korean Land Spatialization Group (KLSG) has controlled and managed its own R&D effectively and what particular elements have made it practical. Korean Land Spatialization Program (KLSP) has produced large amounts of practical outcomes for the intelligent land by collaborative 5 core research projects. The well-harmonized cooperations between proving ground, practical business model, and services oriented integration and others have driven the KLSG to an succeedable management. The active role for practicality is prominent with its usefulness and competitiveness. KLSP is financially and administratively supported from Ministry of Land Transport and Maritime Affairs of Korea (MLTM). By investigating relationships between 5 core research projects involved in the R&D projects of KLSG, it has been found out that R&D projects of KLSG bring forth practicality and commercialization. The results of this study presents strategies of KLSP in conducting research for practicality and commercialization of GIS technology and integrated geospatial information.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.1525-1534
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• 2014

In recent years, the passengers are likely to decide their route on impulse due to the development of the integrated public transport system, and real-time information system. Especially, public transport fare integration in Seoul Metropolitan area, 2004 makes them not to have resistance about changing the modes or routes and their route choice is most effected by the degree of congestion. Assignment model have limitations to describe route changes by congestion. In this study, the concept of a link cost function used in road assignment and Effective frequency is introduced to describe the passengers' behavior when the capacity of public transport is over and the waiting time variation. Two situations, new transit line operation and accident, are set up to validate the model, as a result of the transit assignment by this model, the traffic on networks is not over the capacity. It is expected that this study will be of help to reflect the various behaviors in transit assignments.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.436-450
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• 2005

Existing B2B, B2C computer systems and applications that executed business trans-actions were the client- server based architecture which consists of heterogeneous hardware and software including personal computers and mainframes. Due to the active boom of electronic business, integration and compatibility of exchanged data, applications and hardwares have emerged as hot issue. This paper designs and implements a message transport system and a document transformation system in order to solve the interoperability problem of integrated logistics system in e-Business when doing electronic business. Message transport system integrated ebMS 2.0 which is standard business message exchange format of ebXML, the international standard electronic commerce framework, and JMS of J2EE enable to ensure reliable messaging. The document transformation system could convert non-standard XML documents into standard XML documents and provide the web services after integrating message system. Using suggested business scenario and various test data, our message oriented system preyed to be interoperable and stable. We participated ebXML messaging interoperability test organized by ebXML Asia Committee ITG in oder to evaluate and certify the suitability for message system.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.30
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• pp.10.1-10.14
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• 2015

Recent cohort studies have relied on exposure prediction models to estimate individual-level air pollution concentrations because individual air pollution measurements are not available for cohort locations. For such prediction models, geographic variables related to pollution sources are important inputs. We demonstrated the computation process of geographic variables mostly recorded in 2010 at regulatory air pollution monitoring sites in South Korea. On the basis of previous studies, we finalized a list of 313 geographic variables related to air pollution sources in eight categories including traffic, demographic characteristics, land use, transportation facilities, physical geography, emissions, vegetation, and altitude. We then obtained data from different sources such as the Statistics Geographic Information Service and Korean Transport Database. After integrating all available data to a single database by matching coordinate systems and converting non-spatial data to spatial data, we computed geographic variables at 294 regulatory monitoring sites in South Korea. The data integration and variable computation were performed by using ArcGIS version 10.2 (ESRI Inc., Redlands, CA, USA). For traffic, we computed the distances to the nearest roads and the sums of road lengths within different sizes of circular buffers. In addition, we calculated the numbers of residents, households, housing buildings, companies, and employees within the buffers. The percentages of areas for different types of land use compared to total areas were calculated within the buffers. For transportation facilities and physical geography, we computed the distances to the closest public transportation depots and the boundary lines. The vegetation index and altitude were estimated at a given location by using satellite data. The summary statistics of geographic variables in Seoul across monitoring sites showed different patterns between urban background and urban roadside sites. This study provided practical knowledge on the computation process of geographic variables in South Korea, which will improve air pollution prediction models and contribute to subsequent health analyses.