• Title/Summary/Keyword: intake air

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An Experimental Study on Exhaust Emission in a Gasoline Engine Using PDA and Spark Plug Location (점화플러그 삽입위치와 PDA 밸브를 이용한 가솔린엔진의 배출가스에 대한 실험적 연구)

  • Kim Dae-Yeol;Kim Dae-Yeol;Kim Yang-Sul
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.32-40
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    • 2005
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate variation of spark plug protrusion and PDA valve on the exhaust emission in a gasoline engine. Swirl is one of the important parameters that affects the characteristics of combustion. PDA valve has been developed to satisfy requirements of sufficient swirl generation for improving the combustion and reducing of emission level. Also, especially, the variation of spark plug protrusion have an important effect to the early flame propagative process. This is largely due to the high flame speed by short of flame propagation distance. So, this is forced that injection timing, spark timing and intake air motion govern the stable combustion. As a result, using two combustion chamber, without charge of engine specification and the variable spark plug location and PDA valve could be reduced exhaust gas at a part load engine conditions(1500rpm imep 3.9bar, 2000rpm imep 3.2bar, 2400rpm imep 3.9bar).

Particle emission characteristics of gasoline and bio ethanol blend in the engine and vehicle mode test (가솔린과 바이오 에탄올 혼합 연료의 엔진 및 차량 모드 주행시의 입자상 물질 배출 특성)

  • Ko, A-Hyun;Lee, Hyung-Min;Choi, Kwan-Hee;Park, Sim-Soo;Lee, Young-Jae
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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    • 2008.11b
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    • pp.3102-3107
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    • 2008
  • This paper was focused on the particulate matter (PM) on the gasoline and bio ethanol. Bio ethanol as a clean fuel is considered one of the alternative fuels that decreased the PM emission from the vehicle. Particle formation in SI engine was depended on the fuel and engine operating condition. In this paper, Particle number concentration behaviors were analyzed by DMS500 (Differential Mobility Spectrometer) and CPC (Condensation Particle Counter) instrument which was recommended by PMP (Particle Measurement Programme). Particle emissions were measured with various engine operating variables such as air excess ratio ($\lambda$), spark timing and intake valve opening (IVO) at part load condition. In vehicle test, the number of particulate matter was analyzed with golden particle measurement system, which was consist of CVS (Constant Volume Sampler), particle number counter and particle number diluter.

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A Study on Characteristics of Performance and Emission by CRDI Engine's Injection Strategy (커먼레일 디젤기관에서 분사전략에 따른 성능 및 배출가스에 관한 연구)

  • Eom, Dong-Seop;Ko, Dong-Kyun;Ra, Wan-Yong;Lee, Seang-Wock
    • Journal of ILASS-Korea
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.134-139
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    • 2011
  • Recent research has focused on engine combustion technology as well as application of after-treatment in order to comply with emission regulation. However, it is much more efficient way to control emissions from engine itself and furthermore research on engine control will provide the direction of after-treatment technology in future. Furthermore, emission standard regulation for passenger diesel vehicles has been stringent compared to others and nano-particles will be included in EURO6 regulation in Europe and similar emission standard will be introduced in Korea. A 3.0 liter high speed diesel engine equipped with by CRDI system of 160MPa injection pressure, and an intake/exhaust system of V type 6 cylinder turbo-intercooler was applied. The injection duration and injection quantity, pilot injection types which are related to CRDI and air/fuel ratio control applied by EVGT were changed simultaneously. Standard experiment procedure constituted dilution apparatus and CPC system to collect nano-particles and these test results were compared with regulated materials of CO, HC, NOx and investigated their relations and characteristics of nano-particles.

Determination of Derived Release Limits by the Concentration Factor Method (농축인자법에 의한 유도방출 기준 설정)

  • Byung Woo Kim;Byeung Kyu Kim;Jeong Ho Lee
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.267-278
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    • 1985
  • Some kinds of methods have been applied to regulate the exposure doses by the radioactive effluents from nuclear power plants. The essential one is primary dose equivalent limit recommended by the ICRP. When the primary limit cannot be applied directly for regulation, there have been dose equivalent index in case of external exposure, or maximum permissible concentration, annual limit on intake, derived air concentration and maximum permissible body burden in case of internal exposure. But the derived limit is required from the viewpoint of discharge, for those values are inadequate to control discharge rate directly. This study was carried out to derive the release limit for the Wolsung nuclear power plant by the concentration factor method. This method is based on the assumption of steady state transfer between environment compartments.

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An Experimental Study on the Heat Exchange Performance at Various EGR Cooler Types (EGR 쿨러 Type에 따른 열교환성능에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Shon, Jungwook;Woo, Seungchul;Park, Jongwook;Chun, Taesoo;Lee, Kihyung
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.608-614
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    • 2015
  • Nitrogen oxide(NOx) emission reductions are required to meet the strict emission regulations for environmental protection. Most of the Exhaust Gas Recirculation(EGR) system applied to a diesel engine can relatively decrease the NOx at a low cost, but it has a disadvantage in that the PM generation is promoted due to the hot intake air temperature. Thus, high heat exchange efficiency of the EGR cooler is required for an effective removal of NOx. In this study, heat exchange efficiency for various types of heat exchangers used in EGR cooler was measured under same conditions, and determined best heat exchange performance shape depending on type of heat exchanger.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE FLOW AND MIXTURE DISTIBUTION IN A VISUALIZATION ENGINE USING DIGITAL PARTICLE IMAGE VELOCIMETRY AND ENTROPY ANALYSIS

  • Lee, K.H.;Lee, C.H.
    • International Journal of Automotive Technology
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.127-135
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    • 2007
  • The objective of this study is to analyze the effect of velocity and vorticity on stratified mixture formation in the visualization engine. In order to investigate spray behavior, the pray velocity is obtained through the cross-correlation PIV method, a useful optical diagnostics technology and the vorticity calculated from the spray velocity component. These results elucidated the relationship between vorticity and entropy, which play an important role in the diffusion process for the early injection case and the stratification process for the late injection case. In addition, we quantified the homogeneous diffusion ate of spray using entropy analysis based on Boltzmann's statistical thermodynamics. Using these methods, we discovered that the homogeneous mixture distribution is more effective as a momentum dissipation of surrounding air than that of the spray concentration with a change in the injection timing. We found that the homogenous diffusion rate increased as the injection timing moved to the early intake stroke process, and BTDC $60^{\circ}$ was the most efficient injection timing for the stratified mixture formation during the compression stroke.

STUDY ON THE IN-CYLINDER FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF AN SI ENGINE USING PIV

  • LEE S.-Y.;JEONG K.-S.;JEON C.-H.;CHANG Y.-J.
    • International Journal of Automotive Technology
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    • v.6 no.5
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    • pp.453-460
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    • 2005
  • The tumble or swirl flow is used to promote mixing of air and fuel in the cylinder and to enlarge turbulent intensity in the end of the compression stroke. Since the in-cylinder flow is a kind of transient state with rapid flow variation, which is non-steady state flow, the tumble or swirl flow has not been analyzed sufficiently whether they are applicable to combustion theoretically. In the investigation of intake turbulent characteristics using PIV method, typical flow characteristics were figured out by SCV configurations. An engine installed SCV had higher vorticity and turbulent strength by fluctuation and turbulent kinetic energy than a baseline engine, especially near the cylinder wall and lower part of the cylinder. Above all, the engine with SCV 8 was superior to the others in aspect of vorticity and turbulent strength. For energy dissipation, a baseline engine had much higher energy loss than the engine installed SCV because flow impinged on the cylinder wall. Consequently, as swirl flow was added to existing tumble flow, it was found that fluctuation increased and flow energy was conserved effectively through the experiment.

Techniques of Airbreathing Propulsion System Integration Using Small Gas Turbine Engine for Subsonic Cruise Missiles (소형 가스터빈 엔진의 유도탄 체계통합 기술)

  • Jang, Jongyoun;Kim, Joon;Jung, Jaewon;Lim, Jinshik
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.81-88
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    • 2021
  • An airbreathing propulsion system of a subsonic cruise missile is mainly composed of a small gas turbine engine, air intake and vehicle's fuel tank. The propulsion system integration work started from engine acceptance test is finally closed by ground functional test of the missile's propulsion section, after some modifications of engine's sub-components, development of engine-related onboard systems, interface analyses, and tests. The whole process and stepwise technologies of this system integration work are described herein.

A Model Experiment Study to Secure the Straight Line Distance between the Air Inlet and Exhaust Section of the Living Room (거실제연설비중 공기유입구와 배출구간 직선거리 확보를 위한 모형실험연구)

  • Saeng-Gon Lee;Se-Hong Min
    • Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.439-450
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: When conducting fire inspections in Korea, there are objects that violate the fire protection regulations that require a straight line distance of more than 5m between the air inlet and the discharge section if the floor area is less than 400m2, and this paper analyzes the reasons and conducts a model experimental study to support the need for related fire protection regulations. Method: Domestic firefighting objects were investigated and confirmed, domestic and foreign papers, policies, and laws and regulations were examined, and spaces with a straight line distance of less than 5m and more than 5m between the air inlet and discharge section were selected and analyzed through model experiments in a living room of less than 400m2 . Result: When examining the domestic fire protection regulations (NFPCNational Fire Perpormance Code), the separation distance between the air inlet and the outlet is more than 5m when the floor area is less than 400m2 , but as a result of the actual investigation, it was confirmed that there are firefighting objects that cannot keep the separation distance. In addition, when a paper review of overseas fire protection regulations for a straight line distance of more than 5m showed that there was no regulation on the straight line distance between the air inlet and the discharge section, the model experiment showed that the discharge speed was better when the straight line distance between the air inlet and the discharge section was more than 5m than when it was less than 5m. Conclusions: In this study, when examining overseas fire laws and regulations by comparing the performance of the fire protection ratio for the straight line distance between the air inlet and the exhaust section, there is no mandatory regulation for the straight line distance, but the domestic fire protection regulations (NFPCNational Fire Perpormance Code) require more than 5m. It is hoped that this will be reflected in the design stage in the future, and a foundation will be laid to reduce the responsibility and burden of fire superintendents.

Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Complex Probiotics and Enzyme on Improvement of Farm Environment and Performance of Finishing Pigs (복합생균효소제 급여가 돈사 환경개선과 비육돈 생산성에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim D.H.;Kim H.R.
    • Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.67-74
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    • 2006
  • This experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of complex probiotics and enzyme on air quality in finishing pig building and the performance of finishing pigs. A total 117 crossbred $[(Landrace{\times}Yorkshire){\times}Duroc]$ pigs were randomly arranged into nine groups and assigned to three treatments. Pigs were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.1% level of probiotics and 0.1% level of complex probiotics and enzyme until the market weight for 42 days of the experimental period. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations in the finishing pig building were significantly (p<0.05) decreased by dietary supplementation of complex probiotics and enzyme compared with those of control, however, indoor carbon dioxide concentration was not affected by dietary supplementation of probiotics or complex probiotics and enzyme. Average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved (p<0.05) with dietary supplementation of 0.1% complex probiotics and enzyme; however, average daily gain was not affected by dietary supplementation of probiotics or complex probiotics and enzyme. In conclusion, the results obtained from this experiment suggest that the dietary supplementation of complex probiotics and enzyme for finishing pigs may improve air quality in the finishing pig building and the performance.

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