• Architectural research
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2024

This study introduces a deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based methodology for optimizing apartment space arrangements, addressing the limitations of human capability in evaluating all potential spatial configurations. Leveraging computational power, the methodology facilitates the autonomous exploration and evaluation of innovative layout options, considering architectural principles, legal standards, and client re-quirements. Through comprehensive simulation tests across various apartment types, the research demonstrates the DRL approach's effec-tiveness in generating efficient spatial arrangements that align with current design trends and meet predefined performance objectives. The comparative analysis of AI-generated layouts with those designed by professionals validates the methodology's applicability and potential in enhancing architectural design practices by offering novel, optimized spatial configuration solutions.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2014

During the international effort to develop the next generation nuclear reactor technologies, many new power cycle concepts were derived to improve efficiency and reduce the capital cost. Among many innovative power cycles, it was identified that the supercritical $CO_2$ (S-$CO_2$) Brayton cycle technology has a big potential to outperform the existing steam cycle and eventually replace it. The S-$CO_2$ cycle achieves high efficiency with very compact size, which is the ultimate advantage for a power cycle to have. The S-$CO_2$ cycle has a great potential not only for the future nuclear applications but also for general heat sources such as coal, natural gas, and concentrated solar. In this paper, a brief introduction to the S-$CO_2$ power cycle technologies will be first provided, and a short summary of current research and development status of the power cycle technology around the world will be followed. Especially the research works performed by KAIST, KAERI and several related research institutions in Korea will be reviewed in more detail, since they have recently developing a strong infrastructure to test these ideas by constructing a demonstration facility while producing many innovative ideas to improve and realize the concept.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.30.1-30.16
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• 2024

Background: Biofilms, such as those from Staphylococcus epidermidis, are generally insensitive to traditional antimicrobial agents, making it difficult to inhibit their formation. Although quercetin has excellent antibiofilm effects, its clinical applications are limited by the lack of sustained and targeted release at the site of S. epidermidis infection. Objectives: Polyethylene glycol-quercetin nanoparticles (PQ-NPs)-loaded gelatin-N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (N,O-CMCS) composite nanogels were prepared and assessed for the on-demand release potential for reducing S. epidermidis biofilm formation. Methods: The formation mechanism, physicochemical characterization, and antibiofilm activity of PQ-nanogels against S. epidermidis were studied. Results: Physicochemical characterization confirmed that PQ-nanogels had been prepared by the electrostatic interactions between gelatin and N,O-CMCS with sodium tripolyphosphate. The PQ-nanogels exhibited obvious pH and gelatinase-responsive to achieve on-demand release in the micro-environment (pH 5.5 and gelatinase) of S. epidermidis. In addition, PQ-nanogels had excellent antibiofilm activity, and the potential antibiofilm mechanism may enhance its antibiofilm activity by reducing its relative biofilm formation, surface hydrophobicity, exopolysaccharides production, and eDNA production. Conclusions: This study will guide the development of the dual responsiveness (pH and gelatinase) of nanogels to achieve on-demand release for reducing S. epidermidis biofilm formation.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.225-236
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• 2023

2015년~2021년 혁신인증을 획득한 혁신형 중소기업과 일반 중소기업에 대해 생존기간의 관점에서 비교·분석하여 정책적 시사점을 도출하였다. 업력, 규모(고용인원, 자본 및 부채, 매출액 및 영업이익), 한국표준산업분류 중분류를 이용하여 혁신형 중소기업과 유사한 일반 중소기업을 선별하였으며, 생존기간은 휴·폐업 및 부도에 준하는 연체를 사건으로 정의하여 산출하였다. 생존분석 결과 혁신형 중소기업은 일반 중소기업 대비 휴·폐업 및 연체 발생 위험이 9.8% 감소하는 것으로 나타나, 혁신형 중소기업의 생존기간이 유의하게 길다는 결론을 도출하였다. 그 외 중소기업의 업력과 규모(고용인원, 자본)는 생존기간에 정(+)의 영향을, 부채는 부(-)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 혁신역량과 미래성장성 중심의 혁신인증 제도는 생존기간의 관점에서 유의한 지표이며, 혁신인증 제도의 혜택 및 지원정책이 중소기업의 실질적 성장과 생존을 위해서는 업력 및 업종을 반영하여 보다 체계적이고 정교화 될 필요가 있다는 결론을 도출하였다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.228-233
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• 2017

Background Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin condition that can affect any area with apocrine sweat glands and has the potential to involve multiple sites concurrently. Commonly affected sites include the axilla, groin, perineum and perianal areas. In this study we performed a literature review on the surgical methods for HS and describe an innovative technique for reconstructing axilla HS using an inner-arm transposition flap. Methods We reviewed all cases (5 cases from 4 patients) of transposition flap reconstruction performed by the senior author at a single London tertiary hospital from 2008-2013. Patient related outcome measures were collected using the Derriford appearance scale (DAS 24) and a study specific questionnaire. Results All patients were satisfied with their final result. One out of five cases had a complication but did not result in flap failure. There is no disease recurrence to date. DAS 24 scores collected demonstrated acceptable postoperative distress that did not deviate far from the norm tables while study specific questionnaire reveal desirable outcomes. Conclusions We have managed to achieve our aim through the use of the innovative inner-arm transposition flap. Our study hopes to provide an additional technique for axillary reconstruction. This technique offers the effective concealment of scars with the benefit of tightening of the arm tissue producing 'brachioplasty like' effects. All things considered it would be reasonable to conclude the innovative flap technique is a reliable, effective, and simple method that results in multiple benefits.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.219-236
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• 2013

The accurate prediction of motion in waves of a marine vehicle is essential to assess the maximum sea state vs. operational requirements. This is particularly true for small crafts, such as Autonomous Surface Vessels (ASV). Two different numerical methods to predict motions of a SWATH-ASV are considered: an inviscid strip theory initially developed at MIT for catamarans and then adapted for SWATHs and new a hybrid strip theory, based on the numerical solution of the radiation forces by an unsteady viscous, non-linear free surface flow solver. Motion predictions obtained by the viscous flow method are critically discussed against those obtained by potential flow strip theory. Effects of viscosity are analyzed by comparison of sectional added mass and damping calculated at different frequencies and for different sections, RAOs and motions response in irregular waves at zero speed. Some relevant conclusions can be drawn from this study: influence of viscosity is definitely non negligible for SWATH vessels like the one presented: amplitude of the pitch and heave motions predicted at the resonance frequency differ of 20% respectively and 50%; in this respect, the hybrid method with fully non-linear, viscous free surface calculation of the radiation forces turns out to be a very valuable tool to improve the accuracy of traditional strip theories, without the burden of long computational times requested by fully viscous time domain three dimensional simulations.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2020

Detecting obstacles and generating a suitable path to avoid obstacles in real time is a prime mission requirement for UAVs. In areas, close to buildings and people, detecting obstacles in the path and estimating its own position (egomotion) in GPS degraded/denied environments are usually addressed with vision-based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) techniques. This presents possibilities and challenges for the feasible path generation with constraints of vehicle dynamics in the configuration space. In this paper, a near real-time feasible path is shown to be generated in the ORB-SLAM framework using a chain-based path planning approach in a force field with dynamic constraints on path length and minimum turn radius. The chain-based path plan approach generates a set of nodes which moves in a force field that permits modifications of path rapidly in real time as the reward function changes. This is different from the usual approach of generating potentials in the entire search space around UAV, instead a set of connected waypoints in a simulated chain. The popular ORB-SLAM, suited for real time approach is used for building the map of the environment and UAV position and the UAV path is then generated continuously in the shortest time to navigate to the goal position. The principal contribution are (a) Chain-based path planning approach with built in obstacle avoidance in conjunction with ORB-SLAM for the first time, (b) Generation of path with minimum overheads and (c) Implementation in near real time.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.466-472
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 가축분뇨의 비료화를 위한 분뇨의 악취와 암모니아성 질소를 제거시킬 수 있는 기능성 발효촉진 미생물의 선별을 목표로 쌀겨 자연발효 추출물로부터 총 61개의 균주를 순수 분리하였고, 순수 분리된 균주의 단백질, 지방, 탄수화물 등의 유기물 분해 효소활성 (amylase, protease, cellulase 및 lipase), 암모니아 가스의 탈취성능을 조사하여 최종적으로 NA 2, 12, 15의 3종의 균주를 선별하였다. 최종 선별된 균주에 대해서 동정실험을 수행한 결과, NA 2는 Bacillus acidocaldarius로 동정되었고, NA 15는 Planoroccus sp.로 부분동정되었다. 이들 분리된 미생물을 가축분뇨처리제로 개발하기 위한 최적의 혼합 배양 조건을 구하기 위해 반응표면계획법으로 배지 조성과 pH와 같은 조작 변수들의 영향과 상호작용 등을 포함한 데이터를 분석한 결과, 최적 배양 조건은 beef extract 4.59g/L, Peptone 8.73g/L, PH 6.3으로 결정되었다. 분리된 미생물들은 발효촉진 및 암모니아 탈취 성능이 우수하면서도 중$.$고온성 미생물들로서 가축분뇨처리에 활용가능성이 높은 것으로 판단되었다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2024

Background: This study aimed to investigate whether there is a difference in organizational member attitudes by workplace environment and workplace types in dental hygienists working at dental health centers. Methods: A face-to-face survey or online survey was administered to dental hygienists working at dental health centers, and a total of 95 subjects were included. The survey includes 13 items to ask factors affecting employee's job satisfaction. Also, some questions were included to assess perception of organizational member attitude: five about organizational citizenship behavior, two about innovative behavior, and four about organizational commitment. Results: Dental hygienists working at dental clinics were more satisfied with their incomes and numbers of working days, while those from dental university hospitals and general hospitals were more satisfied with education support. In addition, hygienists working at dental hospitals were more satisfied with job autonomy, individual work capability, safe working environment, personal relation, potential for personal development, and positive labor-management relations, compared to those working at general and university hospitals (p<0.05). Among the items about perception of organizational member attitudes, the scores of items about organizational citizenship behaviors were higher, whereas the scores of items about innovative behaviors were relatively lower. Individuals working at dental hospitals than those working at general and university hospitals, chiefs and team and department leaders than team members, and those with increased satisfaction with current workplace had more positive perception of organizational member attitudes. Conclusion: For dental hygienists to have positive attitudes as organizational members, working environment should be improved, and executives of dental healthcare centers should pay attention to improving job satisfaction of organizational members. Moreover, since dental hygienists need to improve their perception of innovative behaviors and citizenship behaviors to strengthen specialty of dental hygienists in a changing dental healthcare, relevant training should be addressed in refresher courses or school programs.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.58-84
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• 2017

This article aims at demonstrating location specific approach for agricultural technology promotion and adoption in improving the livelihood of the small farmers in the haor basin and coastal belt of Bangladesh. Innovative technologies that have potentials are initially screened by ex-ante investigation and instrumented by the business model canvas, which is used as a bottom-up approach for sustainability of the adoption of proposed technology innovations. Village-level extension farmers, sub-district extension officers and farmers' cooperative are the unique and central features to the business models and forward linkages. Extension service, power tiller, low-lift pump, sunflower, shallow tube well, quality seed, forward linkage for farmed duck eggs, live ducks and open catch fish etc. are the suggested potential technology innovations for the small farmers. The technology adoption business model can be reinvented for different locations within or beyond the country considering the local agricultural problems and prospects for greater sustainability.