• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권11호
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• pp.209-222
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the relations between mothers's and children's characteristics, maternal separation anxiety, and overprotective parenting with a sample of 212 mothers of 3-6 year-old children. The subjects reported maternal separation anxiety, children's initial temperament, their own experience in the childhood and personality, and overprotectiveness. The results indicated that 1) mothers who experienced higher parental acceptance showed higher maternal separation anxiety; 2) mothers who perceived that their children had avoidant temperament showed higher material separation anxiety; 3) mothers who showed higher separation anxiety reported higher overprotectiveness; 4) maternal separation anxiety played a mediating role in the relations between children's approach-avoidance temperament and mothers' sheltering behavior.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.101-114
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• 2001

This study examined the relations between coparenting, marital quality, mothers’personality and children’s initial temperament. Subjects were 174 mothers of 4~6 year-old children, and they answered questionnaires regarding coparenting, marital quality, personality, and initial temperatment of their children. For mothers of both boys and girls, positive marital quality wass related positively to warmth, support, and integrity coparenting and negatively to conflict coparenting. Only for mothers of girls, higher warmth and integrity coparenting was shown when they were extroverted. while those who were neurotic showed higher conflict coparenting. For mothers of boys, support coparenting was low when their sons were emotional. Mothers of girls showed lower level of warmth and integrity coparenting when their daughters were avoidant. emotional and sensitive.

• 아동학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.147-164
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• 2015

The purpose of the present study was to examine the trajectories of children's negative emotionality and mother's social parenting over a 3-year period (for children at ages 1-3) and to then analyze the bidirectional effects between the two variables. The longitudinal casual relationship among children's negative emotionality, mother's social parenting and peer interaction at age 3 was also examined. The data, taken from the Panel Study on Korean Children, were analyzed using latent growth modeling. The results were as follows. First, the level of negative emotionality was seen to have increased by 2 years of age, whereas the level of mother's social parenting decreased by this point. Second, higher initial negative emotionality predicted decreases in mother's social parenting, However, higher initial mother's social parenting predicted increases in children's negative emotionality. The initial level and slope of mothers' positive parenting predicted peer interaction at age 3, while only the slope of negative emotionality predicted peer interaction. These findings suggest that temperament and parenting predict changes in each other and peer interaction.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.89-107
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• 2013

기업영재에 대한 연구는 최근 새롭게 떠오른 분야로 날로 그 중요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 기업영재의 선천적 특성과 후천적 성격을 구분하여 측정함으로써 청소년 기업영재의 기질 및 성격 표준형을 제안하는 것이다. 이를 위해서 2010년과 2011년 두 해에 걸쳐 특허청 및 한국발명진흥회에서 선발 육성하는 '지식재산기반 차세대영재기업인'으로 선발된 중학생과 고등학생 총 246명의 JTCI 수치를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 기업영재는 모든 기질 및 성격 척도에서 동일 학교급의 일반 청소년집단과 구분되었으며, 그 특성은 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 기업영재의 표준적 특성으로 기질적 낙천성과 성격적 성숙함을 확인하였다. 둘째, 기업영재는 기질적인 단점을 보완하고 장점을 강화하는 등 적응적인 측면에서도 일반 청소년들보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 뿐만 아니라 기업영재는 과학영재집단 및 성적우수집단, 그리고 고지능집단과도 차별화됨으로써 하나의 독특한 영재집단으로 구분될 수 있음을 시사하였다. 논의에서는 이 연구가 기업영재 및 창의적 인재 개발 분야에서 갖는 함의와 제한점 및 향후 연구 방향을 제시하였다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.101-114
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 말더듬의 지속과 회복에 따른 하위유형의 기질 특성을 종단적으로 비교하고, 외현적 말더듬 중증도와 기질 특성의 관련성을 살피는 것이었다. 연구 참여자는 학령전 아동으로 41명의 말더듬 아동(CWS, children who stutter)과 30명의 말을 더듬지 않는 아동(CWNS, children who do not stutter)이었다. 아동들은 4년간 종단연구에 참여하였으며, 마지막 평가에 참여하였을 때 전체 CWS 중 27명은 말더듬이 회복된 아동으로, 14명은 말더듬이 지속된 아동으로 최종 진단되었다. 각 아동의 기질 특성은 유아기질척도-간편형을 사용하여 평가하였으며, 기질 평가는 첫 평가 이후 1년이 지난 시점과 첫 평가 이후 2년이 지난 시점에서 각각 이루어졌다. 기질 특성 비교를 위해 유아기질척도-간편형의 상위요인(외향성, 부정적 정서, 의도적 통제)과 15개의 하위영역 점수를 분석하였으며, 집단과 평가 시점에 따른 차이를 각각 비교하였다. 연구 결과, 말더듬이 지속된 아동 집단은 말더듬이 회복된 아동 집단과 CWNS보다 상위요인인 부정적 정서 점수가 평가 시점과 관계없이 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 말더듬이 지속된 아동 집단은 다른 아동 집단보다 부정적 정서를 구성하는 하위영역인 '공포'와 '분노/좌절' 점수가 유의하게 높았다. 말더듬이 지속된 아동 집단을 대상으로 평가 시점별로 외현적 말더듬 중증도와 기질의 상위요인 및 하위영역 점수 간 상관분석을 실시한 결과, 외현적 말더듬 중증도와 기질 특성은 유의한 상관을 보이지 않았다. 본 연구결과는 기질 특성이 말더듬의 지속 및 회복과 관련 있는 요인이라는 이론적 관점을 지지하며, 시간이 지남에 따라 기질이 말더듬으로 인한 반복적인 경험의 영향을 받을 수 있음을 시사한다.

• Child Studies in Asia-Pacific Contexts
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.27-45
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• 2014

The present study investigated the developmental pattern of Korean mothers' depressive symptoms from a week prior to birth through four months postpartum in a nationally represented survey sample in Korea, using a Latent Growth Curve model. Mother-reported four factors-maternal self-efficacy in parenting, father's participation in childcare, a number of hours mothers worked per week, child's emotional temperament-were examined as the predictors of depressive symptoms over time in the context of Korean culture. Effects of maternal depressive trajectories on their infants' developmental outcomes at the first year were also examined. Findings were as follows: First, mothers' reports of depressive symptoms decreased at the first month after birth and then increased again during the first 4 months postpartum. Second, mothers' perceived low spousal involvement in childcare, low parental self-efficacy, and their infants' difficult temperament at four-month old had significantly positive relations to the initial level of maternal depressive symptoms whereas the low spousal involvement in childcare and low maternal self-efficacy factors significantly predicted the changes of trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms. Third, the trajectories, in turn, predicted warm and responsive maternal parenting style at the fourth month. Subsequently, the parenting style had a significant longitudinal impact on the development of children's communication, problem-solving, and personal-social abilities. Based on these findings, awareness, preventive and interventional programs might be built to facilitate Korean mothers suffering severe postpartum depressive symptoms and further promote optimal early development of Korean children.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.11-26
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• 2014

Objectives This research was proposed to present Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) for Soeumin Disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM): Diagnosis and Algorithm. This CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee consisting of SCM professors. Methods We searched the literature and articles related to Soeumin Symptomatology diagnosis and algorithm. For developin diagnosis and algorithm, we searched the classification, ordinary symptom, present symptom of the Soeumin Symptomatology Results & Conclusions We classified the Soeumin Symptomatology by 4 steps: Exterior-Interior disease, favorable-unfavorable pattern, mild-moderate-severe-critical pattern, initial-intermediate-advanced pattern. And at the unfavorable pattern, ordinary symptom is very important. So Doctors focuss on the symptom of unfavorable's ordinary symptom such as temperament inclined symptom, excessive sweating, diarrhea, and vexation.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.224-240
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• 2014

Objectives This research was proposed to present Clinical Practice Guideline(CPG) for Soyangin Disease of Sasang Constitutional Medicine(SCM): Diagnosis and Algorithm. This CPG was developed by the national-wide experts committee consisting of SCM professors. Methods We searched the literature and articles related to Soyangin Symptomatology diagnosis and algorithm. For developing diagnosis and algorithm, we searched the classification, ordinary symptom, present symptom of the Soyangin Symptomatology. Results & Conclusions We classify the Soyangin Symptomatology by 4 steps: Exterior-Interior disease, favorable-unfavorable pattern, mild-moderate-severe-critical pattern (initial-advanced pattern). And at the unfavorable pattern, ordinary symptom is very important. So doctors need to focus on the symptom of unfavorable's ordinary symptom such as temperament inclined symptom, diarrhea, and diurnal body fever.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2018

Objectives The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, temperaments, and quality of life between panic disorder (PD) patients with and without major depressive disorder (PD+MDD and PD-MDD patients, respectively). Methods We compared 411 PD-MDD and 219 PD+MDD patients. All patients who were drug-free for at least 1 month were assessed at initial outpatient visits before the administration of medication. The following instruments were used for assessment: the NEO Personality Inventory-Neuroticism (NEO-N) ; the Temperament and Character Inventory-Harm Avoidance (TCI-HA) ; the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) ; the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-Short (IUS); the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-Revised (ASI-R); the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) ; the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI); the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) ; the Generalized Anxiety Disorder for 7 item (GAD-7) ; the Albany Panic and Phobia Questionnaire (APPQ) ; the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) ; the Early Trauma Inventory Self Report-Short Form (ETISR-SF) ; the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI) ; the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale Abbreviated Version (WHOQOL-BREF) ; the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) ; and the Short Form health survey (SF-36). Results Compared to the PD-MDD patients, the PD+MDD patients were younger and more likely to be unmarried. They showed higher rates of unemployment, lower levels of education and income, younger age of onset, more previous suicide attempts, a greater incidence of agoraphobia, and more previous treatments. The PD+MDD patients showed significantly higher scores on the NEO-N, the TCI-HA, the STAI, the IUS, the ASI-R, the BDI, the BAI, the PSWQ, the GAD-7, the APPQ, the PDSS, the ETISR-SF, and the SSI. In addition, the PD+MDD patients showed significantly lower quality of life than did the PD-MDD patients. In contrast with previous studies, we observed no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, duration until treatment, and psychiatric comorbidities. Conclusions This study showed that the PD+MDD patients have more early trauma experiences, higher levels of anxiety-related temperaments, more severe panic and depressive symptoms, and lower quality of life than the PD-MDD patients.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.1117-1145
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• 2013

기업영재에 대한 연구는 최근 새롭게 떠오른 분야로서 날로 그 중요성이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 기업영재에 대한 이론적 고찰 및 탐색을 통해 기업영재의 개념에 대해 전반적으로 개관하고 저자 나름의 견해를 제안함으로써 향후 이어질 기업영재의 학술적 기반 확립에 기여하는 것이다. 이를 위해 첫째, 그간 기업영재를 대상으로 수행된 선행 연구 문헌을 분석하여, 기업영재의 생애 초기 개인 및 환경 특성, 기질 및 성격 특성, 인지 특성, 진로 및 흥미특성을 종합하였다. 둘째, 기업영재 관련 연구에서 우선적으로 고찰해야 할 연구 분야로 기업가, 잠재적 기업가, 발명영재 등 기업영재 제 유사 개념, 기업가정신, 생애발달, 그리고 관리능력 및 실용 지능과 같은 능력 요소를 제안하고, 이들 분야와 기업영재와의 관련성을 탐색하였다. 이를 기반으로 본 연구에서 제안하는 기업영재의 개념적 정의는 '기회 추구 및 혁신을 위해서는 위험을 기꺼이 감수하고 인력 및 자원에 대한 관리-조정 잠재력이 뛰어난 자'이다. 논의에서는 기업영재 연구가 현재의 교육 및 정책에 제시하는 함의를 검토하였다.