• 천문학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.15-30
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• 1995

A velocity inhomogeneity, which is defined as a regional preponderence of either radial or tangential orbits, is searched with a new technique for the Coma cluster of galaxies. It is found within $\~2h^{-1}$ Mpc from the cluster center that the Coma shows conspicuous inhomogeneities in velocity and that the inhomogeneities are real at a $99\%$ level of confidence. Even in the central region (7' - 30' from the center), zones that are dominated by radial and tangential orbits are distinguishable. Defining the cluster's 'equator' as the direction defined by the Coma-A1367 supercluster, tangential orbits dominate the 'polar' zones in the central region. Galaxies that are located in 30'-100' also inhomogeneous in velocity in that the 'polar' zones are mostly radial while the rest is nearly homogeneous. These results indicate that the Coma galaxies are exceedingly more radial in orbit, implying that merging or infalls are either still going on or an earlier virialization is likely to have occurred preferentially near the 'equator'. Incorporating the velocity inhomogeneity into mass estimators, the most appropriate mass is turned out to be $0.4\times10^{15}h^{-1}M_\bigodot(R\;\leq\;0.6h^{-1} Mpc),\;and\;1.0\times10^{15}h^{-1} M_\bigodot(R\;\leq\;2.1h^{-1}Mpc)$. The corresponding mass to blue light ratio on the average is $\~$300h. These estimates are consistent with Merritt (1987) and Hughes (1989) and the MILE is seemed to favour the mass-follows-light models than the uniform spread of dark matter throughout the cluster.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1181-1187
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• 2015

Sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) gas is used widely in electric power equipment such as Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS), Gas Insulation transmission Line (GIL), and Gas Circuit Breaker (GCB). But applications of SF₆ should be restricted because SF6 gas is one of the greenhouse effect gases. To reduce use of SF₆ gas, a study on eco-friendly alternative insulation medium is needed. In this paper, we investigated lightning impulse (LI) breakdown of dry-air which is attracting attention as an ecofriendly alternative gas and the LI breakdown of hybrid insulation combined with dry-air and solid insulation (Room-Temperature Vulcanizing Silicone Rubber-RTV SIR) and dry-air in inhomogeneous fields according to gap distance and pressure. The experiment results showed that the LI breakdown strength of hybrid insulation system was higher than that of dry-air insulation system. It was verified that the development of technology related to eco-friendly power apparatus compact such GIS, GCB and GIL can be used as basic research data.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.229-249
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• 2016

In this paper, buckling characteristics of nonhomogeneous functionally graded (FG) nanobeams embedded on elastic foundations are investigated based on third order shear deformation (Reddy) without using shear correction factors. Third-order shear deformation beam theory accounts for shear deformation effects by a parabolic variation of all displacements through the thickness, and verifies the stress-free boundary conditions on the top and bottom surfaces of the FG nanobeam. A two parameters elastic foundation including the linear Winkler springs along with the Pasternak shear layer is in contact with beam in deformation, which acts in tension as well as in compression. The material properties of FG nanobeam are supposed to vary gradually along the thickness and are estimated through the power-law and Mori-Tanaka models. The small scale effect is taken into consideration based on nonlocal elasticity theory of Eringen. Nonlocal equations of motion are derived through Hamilton's principle and they are solved applying analytical solution. Comparison between results of the present work and those available in literature shows the accuracy of this method. The obtained results are presented for the buckling analysis of the FG nanobeams such as the effects of foundation parameters, gradient index, nonlocal parameter and slenderness ratio in detail.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1994년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1574-1576
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• 1994

$SF_6$ gas has become an important insulation medium in modern electric power apparatus, because of its high insulation withstand levels and good arc quenching capability. For the application of $SF_6$ gas in GIS the estimation of insulation properties is a fundamental point. Moreover the reduction of withstand levels in case of inhomogeneous fields caused by particles or fixed protrusions is of special interest. It is known that the presence of free conducting particles in GIS can significantly lower the insulating level of $SF_6$ gas at elevated pressure and also it has been recently shown that dielectric strength is greatly reduced by fast transients such as disconnector surges where metallic particles are involved. In this paper, we have disigned the particle test chamber rated 362kV for the purpose of investigating the discharge characteristics in SF6 gas where inhomogenius fields are caused by metallic particles.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.45-55
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• 1999

파랑에 의한 불포화된 해저지반의 거동, 액상화와 전단파괴에 대한 연구이다. 불포화된 지반은 유체가 채워진 다공성 탄성체로 모델화 하였다. 유체의 흐름과 토립자의 변형은 Biot의 이론에 따른 지배방정식으로 나타내었다. 이 방정식은 준해석적 방법으로 풀어 불포화된 다층의 지반에 대하여 응력과 간극수압을 평가하였다 준해석적 방법은 기존의 해석방법과 달리 다층의 이방성 지반을 연속적으로 해석할 수 있다. 해석결과에 의하면, 지반의 포화도는 불포화된 다층의 지반에서 응력과 간극수압의 크기에 가장 큰 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 해석결과를 토대로 지반의 액상화 발생과 전단파괴에 대한 검토를 실시하였으며, 그 결과 최대 전단파괴가 발생된 깊이가 최대 액상화 발생지역 보다 깊은 것으로 나타났다.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.241-249
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• 2006

한국의 지질 환경은 암석 분포가 매우 다양하고 복잡한 구조 활동의 영향을 받아 지하매질의 이방성 특성이 국부적으로 심하게 변화한다. 기존의 이방성 주시 모델링의 경우 지질 모델을 2차원으로 단순화시킴으로써 이러한 복잡한 지질 환경을 제대로 고려할 수 없었다. 또한 약 이방성 가정을 사용하여 실제로 나타날 수 있는 지하 매질의 심각한 이방성 영향을 주시 모델링에서 고려할 수 없었다. 이에 이 연구에서는 보다 실제적이고 복잡한 3차원 횡등방성 매질(transversely isotropic media)에서 q-P파의 초동 주시 양상을 모사할 수 있는 주시 모델링 알고리듬을 개발하였다. 이 알고리듬에서는 2차원 비선형 주시 내삽(2D nonlinear traveltime interpolation) 기법과 주시의 3차원 격자 채움법(mapping)을 이용한 직접 전파법(direct calculation)을 통해 급격한 물성의 변화에도 주시 계산이 가능하도록 하였다. 또한, 최소 주시 계산과정에서 수치 미분을 통한 최대 경사법(steepest descent method)을 사용하여 약 이방성 가정을 극복하였다. 개발된 알고리듬은 해석해와 비교하여 그 타당성을 검증하였고 3차원 2층구조에 대한 주시 계산을 수행하여 물성이 급격히 변화하는 모델에 대해서도 안정적으로 주시 계산이 이루어짐을 확인하였다. 이 연구에서 개발한 3차원 주시 모델링 알고리듬은 향후 구조보정이나 토모그래피 알고리듬 개발에 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.