• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.113-133
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to establish academic identity as well as produce human resources that industries need by grasping curriculum of the departments related beauty focusing on Korean colleges (junior colleges and four year course colleges), analyzing examples of advanced countries and suggesting their developmental direction. For the research method, the reference period of curriculum in Korean colleges was from Jul. 05th, 2011 to Aug. 05th, 2011. the investigation method is as follow: first, the curriculum of the departments related to beauty which were registered in the web sites were investigated. Second, the documents were received by fax and Email from each department after calling it. Third, questions and answers were done in reference to majors on the phones. these methods are intended for 65 junior colleges and 16 four year course colleges (total 81 ones). It clarified that lifelong education centers and the graduate courses were ruled out. the statistical analysis about data which were investigated like this were done by the frequency analysis. The results which examined the major subjects of Make-up focusing on Korea and foreign countries are as follow: First, the result which examined the major and theory subjects of Make-up has found that there are the human body theory, the equipment theory, the marketing theory are the management theory in Korean junior colleges and physiology/chemical, management, marketing and equipment product were treated in four year course colleges of Korea. As for foreign colleges, the subjects related to history and culture are mainly treated as the theory courses and their purpose is to cultivate basic knowledge of the fields which are mainly connected to Make-up including plays, movies, TV and studios. Second, the result which examined practice subjects of Make-up major has found that practice subjects of the total ones are of great importance in junior colleges. And it could be found that the Make-up field is of little importance as it is not independent and exists with the hair and skin fields in one department in the four year course colleges. Especially, in the foreign countries, the more detailed and professional subjects including classes which treat digital media, studio technologies, production, wigs and the special effects were treated by the field class system and these characteristics implies that Korean curriculum should be changed in the future. Based on this analytical results of investigation, this researcher tried to propose the developmental direction of Korean curriculum in the future.

• Journal of Ginseng Culture
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• v.6
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• pp.80-104
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• 2024

Ginseng, a representative medicinal plant of South Korea, is also highly valued in North Korea. However, due to limited access to information about North Korea, the actual cultivation, research and development trends, and related industry status of ginseng in North Korea are not well known. In this study, we aimed to understand the current status and research trends of the ginseng industry in North Korea based on limited available literature. In the North Korean pharmacopoeia, ginseng is referred to as "Koryo ginseng" and is defined as the roots of 6-year-old ginseng cultivated in the Kaesong region. The pharmacopoeia includes 22 types of ginseng preparations. In addition, 10 ginseng preparations are included in North Korea's Essential Drug List, and various health supplements, cosmetics, and toothpastes containing ginseng have been developed, distributed, and sold. Since 2014, the ginseng industry and research in North Korea have become more active overall. During this period, the ginseng cultivation area in Kaesong has been significantly expanded, and the facilities have been renovated. The Kaesong Koryo Ginseng Processing Plant has been equipped with sterilized, modernized facilities since 2016 and has been in operation. Since 2017, there has been a growing interest in quality control research, leading to the introduction of quality management regulations and certification systems in 2019. In the 1990s, there was significant research on ginseng product development, and since the 2000s, studies on the pharmacological effects and clinical research of ginseng have been reported. Additionally, research on ginseng cultivation and ginseng processing industries to increase yield has been emphasized. Ginseng, as a representative medicinal crop of Korea, holds great importance for both South and North Korea. Given its significance and the potential for synergy through mutual cooperation, ginseng serves as an ideal subject for inter-Korean exchange and collaboration.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 2015

An agarolytic marine bacterium (H9) was isolated from the coastal seawater of the West Sea, South Korea. The isolate, H9, was gram-negative and rod-shaped with a smooth surface and polar flagellum. Cells grew at 20-30℃, between pH 5.0 and 9.0, and in ASW-YP (Artificial Sea Water-Yeast extract, Peptone) media containing 1-5% (w/v) NaCl. The G+C content was 41.56 mol%. The predominant isoprenoid quinone in strain H9 was ubiquinone-8. The major fatty acids (>10%) were C_16:1ω7c (34.3%), C_16:0 (23.72%), and C_18:1ω7c (13.64%). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and biochemical and chemotaxonomic characterization, the strain was designated as Pseudoalteromonas sp. H9 (=KCTC23887). In liquid culture supplemented with 0.2% agar, the cell density and agarase activity reached a maximum level of OD = 4.32 (48 h) and OD = 3.87 (24 h), respectively. The optimum pH and temperature for the extracellular crude agarases of H9 were 7.0 and 40℃, respectively. Thin-layer chromatography analysis of the agarase hydrolysis products revealed that the crude agarases hydrolyze agarose into neoagarotetraose and neoagarohexaose. Therefore, the new agar-degrading strain, H9, can be applicable for the production of valuable neoagarooligosaccharides and for the complete degradation of agar in bio-industries.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.13-23
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• 2013

Purpose - There is a dominant opinion that medium and small enterprises in the Korean economy have not developed qualitatively but only towards quantitative growth and, therefore, the unbalanced structure between large enterprises and those that are medium and small has worsened. In particular, this rapid industrialization causes after-effects such as polarization as well as anti-business sentiment, the collapse of the middle class, and hostility against the establishment. The consensus contends that it is difficult for Korea to be an advanced nation without resolving these problems. This paper attempts to suggest a co-prosperity model by limiting the focus to business relations with medium and small manufacturers (with regard to investment among the various co-prosperity institutions of POSCO). These co-prosperity institutions have been established in POSCO; however, it is thought that the development of a co-prosperity model regarding investment in medium and small manufacturers will help many needy investment manufacturers. Research design, data, and methodology - This study analyzes research on the co-prosperity model, using it to examine Korean cases and foreign cases. The co-prosperity model has been continuously extended but is determined to be seriously insufficient. The purpose of this study is to develop the Korean co-prosperity model by reinterpreting it in various aspects. In order to develop the Korean co-prosperity model, this study suggests the case of the establishment of the co-prosperity model by POSCO with medium and small manufacturers with regard to investment. This model is expected to be presented to many enterprises as the future co-prosperity model. Results - To date, analysis of the co-prosperity model itself and the co-prosperity model through the case of POSCO have been suggested. As empirical studies on co-prosperity in Korea are not sufficient, successful models of co-prosperity should be developed in various aspects in future. It is expected that through this study, medium and small manufacturers would have an opportunity to find various growth engines by actively using the cooperation platform and establishing optimized competitiveness of steel material through a steel business model. The ecosystem of enterprises may evolve and be healthier by making more joint products through productive business relationships between large enterprises and those that are medium and small. From the enterprises' ecosystem viewpoint, cooperation between such businesses rather than one-way support is identified as an essential element for the security of inter-competitiveness. Conclusions - Infrastructure should be established to form a dynamic industry ecosystem not by transient efforts in co-prosperity, but by an entire culture of co-prosperity across industries. In this respect, the leading role of public institutions needs to be intensified initially. In addition, the effects of co-prosperity should be extended to blind spots of policies such as third party companies and regions. A precise co-prosperity monitoring system should be established to continuously conduct and extend these efforts.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.52-59
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• 2005

The study was targeted to saccharify foodwastes with the cellulolytic and amylolytic enzymes obtained from culture supernatant of Trichoderma harzianum FJ1 and analyze the kinetics of the saccharification in order to enlarge the utilization in industrial application. T. harzianum FJ1 highly produced various cellulolytic (filter paperase 0.9, carboxymethyl cellulase 22.0, ${\beta}$-glucosidase 1.2, Avicelase 0.4, xylanase 30.8, as U/mL-supernatant) and amylolytic (${alpha}$-amylase 5.6, ${\beta}$-amylase 3.1, glucoamylase 2.6, as U/mL-supernatant) enzymes. The $23{\sim}98\;g/L$ of reducing sugars were obtained under various experimental conditions by changing FPase to between $0.2{\sim}0.6\;U/mL$ and foodwastes between $5{\sim}20\%$ (w/v), with fixed conditions at $50^{\circ}C$, pH 5.0, and 100 rpm for 24 h. As the enzymatic hydrolysis of foodwastes were performed in a heterogeneous solid-liquid reaction system, it was significantly influenced by enzyme and substrate concentrations used, where the pH and temperature were fixed at their experimental optima of 5.0 and $50^{\circ}C$, respectively. An empirical model was employed to simplify the kinetics of the saccharification reaction. The reducing sugars concentration (X, g/L) in the saccharification reaction was expressed by a power curve ($X=K{\cdot}t^n$) for the reaction time (t), where the coefficient, K and n. were related to functions of the enzymes concentrations (E) and foodwastes concentrations (S), as follow: $K=10.894{\cdot}Ln(E{\cdot}S^2)-56.768,\;n=0.0608{\cdot}(E/S)^{-0.2130}$. The kinetic developed to analyze the effective saccharification of foodwastes composed of complex organic compounds could adequately explain the cases under various saccharification conditions. The kinetics results would be available for reducing sugars production processes, with the reducing sugars obtained at a lower cost can be used as carbon and energy sources in various fermentation industries.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.81-90
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• 2011

Companies using internet as a kind of marketing means are increasing rapidly according to the expansion trend of e-commerce through internet and consumers also use internet as the common means of purchasing necessary articles. E-commerce using internet has advantages without limitation to temporal and spatial accessibility and general consumers and unspecified individuals also use internet to purchase their goods as well as general transactions such as advertisement, contract, payment and claim settlement. 'In the age of information, invasion of personal information resulted from the development of information and communication technology is one of the greatest problems all the countries in the world face. Therefore, Personal information protection Act is one of basic laws to protect personal information and rights and it is also an essential law in the age of information. In that sense, new Personal information protection Act is the advanced act containing various items to minimize the national damages from the leaking of private information and protect right to informational self-determination in the information society. It is expected that this legislation contributes to reduce the leaking of private information, enhance the level of privacy protection and develop privacy related industries. However, active participation of all members of our society and improvement of their recognition should be preceded for the rational and legal use of private information and the settlement of its protection culture. While the purpose of Personal information protection Act can protect privacy from collection, leaking, misuse and abuse of private information and enhance national interests and protect personal dignity and value, it also must perform the roles of balancing privacy protection with liberal information flow.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.155-178
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• 2021

In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, public libraries need a strategy for promoting intelligent library services in order to actively respond to changes in the external environment such as artificial intelligence. Therefore, in this study, based on the concept of artificial intelligence and analysis of domestic and foreign artificial intelligence related trends, policies, and cases, we proposed the future direction of introduction and development of artificial intelligence services in the library. Currently, the library operates a reference information service that automatically provides answers through the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies such as deep learning and natural language processing, and develops a big data-based AI book recommendation and automatic book inspection system to increase business utilization and provide customized services for users. Has been provided. In the field of companies and industries, regardless of domestic and overseas, we are developing and servicing technologies based on autonomous driving using artificial intelligence, personal customization, etc., and providing optimal results by self-learning information using deep learning. It is developed in the form of an equation. Accordingly, in the future, libraries will utilize artificial intelligence to recommend personalized books based on the user's usage records, recommend reading and culture programs, and introduce real-time delivery services through transport methods such as autonomous drones and cars in the case of book delivery service. Service development should be promoted.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.42-50
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• 2013

With the rapid change of industry and the development of science and technology, more than 100,000 industrial chemicals are being used and 2,000 new materials are developed every year. Chemical products have had favorable influence on our daily life and contributed very much to the prosper of human culture. But some materials are inherently poisonous and dangerous. Korea ranks as the number 7 in world's chemical products market and the chemical sector is contributing to the economic revival through importing and exporting of the products. With the increasing domestic as well as international interests about REACH and GHS, the need for the effective and efficient chemical material management system is getting bigger and bigger. In this research, we compare the criteria in UN GHS and Safety Control of Dangerous Substances Act of Korea for the development of global standard test methods and the classification and labelling for the chemicals, and suggest an advancement plan for the introduction of the GHS in a building block approach. In addition, providing the harmonized information about chemical hazards is suggested for the elimination of international trade barriers for chemical industries.

• Korean Association of Arts Management
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• no.54
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• pp.155-184
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• 2020

This study aims to examine the system for gender rights in arts and cultural industry triggered by #Metoo movement and to suggest action plans to improve gender equality. Up until now, Korean government launched 'Pan-governmental Counter Plan', 'Recommendation of the Special Center for Investigating Sexual Harassment and Sexual Violence in Arts and Cultural Industries' 'the Primary and Secondary Supplemental Measures to Eradicate Sexual Harassment and Sexual Violence in the Arts and Cultural Sector by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism in Korea', and '2030 Cultural Vision'. Korean government has designed the system to protect gender rights using these proposals. Implemented policies can be grouped into 4 different categories; protecting victims, punishing abusers, implementing preventive measures, and reforming legal system. However, despite Korean government's multilateral efforts, continuous criticism aroused as policies failed to witness actual impacts in the industry. Given the fact that 2 years have passed since the launch of gender equality policy in cultural sector, this is the right time to discuss the current status and ways to improve it. For above reasons, research was conducted on documents including, but not limited to, government publications and an analysis of interviews with 9 major stakeholders of policy planning and implementation. During the study, interviews were analyzed using the qualitative research program MAXQDA. As a result, 5~10 problems were revealed in each category of the system. Furthermore, meaningful correlation has been found in improvement areas suggested by the interviewees. This connection implies that the policy for gender rights in arts and cultural industry shall be developed organically in order for the system to work.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.14
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• pp.161-179
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• 2007

The numerous definition of terrorism is viewed as the use of force or violence by individual or group that is directed toward civilian populations and intended to instill fear as a means of coercing individuals or groups to change their political or social positions. Recently, the paradigm of terror has been developed as new terrorism motivated by 9. 11 terror in 2001. In these contexts, this study analyzed the case study of recent counter-terrorism of international events and suggested the policy implications. This study is split into four chapters. Chapter I is the introduction part. Chapter II introduces the reader to new terrorism theory, and Chapter III deals with the case study of the international counter-terrorism policy around the world, Chapter IV deals with the policy implications of the case study. The greater the political, economical and social advantages opening large international ceremonies, the larger the probability of being targets for terrorists and criminals. As terrorism is one of the important issue, the security problems at international ceremonies in Korea, rising country as political essence in Asian-Pacific region, become very important. With experienced know-hows against terror and preparations for security, local and central governments must promote the private security companies filling up vacancies of police and official security system and develop international ceremonies, rising high valuable industries in 21st century, with diplomatic efforts. International major events is the largest event related events with politics, economy, culture, and such large-scale events should be a comprehensive counterplan in the light of safety check for the location of a hazard and safety check of facilities in and out, attendance on athlete and visitor and escort of VIPs.