• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.132-143
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• 2000

This present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Chonhwasan and Okchunsan in streptozotocin induced hyperglycemic rats. Body weight, serum levels of glucose, insulin, total cholesterol triglyceride and urine levels of volume, glucose, protein were measured in streptozotocin induced hyperglycemic rats orally receiving extracts of Chonhwasan and Okchunsan plus Radix Trichosandis for 4 days. According to the result, Chonhwasan and Okchunsan have the effect of decreased body weight delate and decreased blood sugar, serum lipid metabolism and urine volume, glucose, protein in streptozotocine induced hyperglycemic rats, and they were expected to be applied to the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.237-242
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• 2014

Plant extracts produced from branches of Crataegus pinnatifida and barks of Crataegus pinnatifida inhibited ethanol-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in liver cells. Furthermore, these two extracts inhibited the expression and activities of CYP2E1 enzyme. Cinnamomum cassia had a better effect on inhibition of DNA damage than Crataegus pinnatifida, as well as showed a high tendency to inhibit CYP2E1 expression and catalytic activities. It is considered that extracts produced from Crataegus pinnatifida or Cinnamomum cassia have an effect to reduce ethanol-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in liver cells. Therefore, we suggest to use Crataegus pinnatifida and Cinnamomum cassia and their ingredients as potential candidate substances to prevent and treat ethanol-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in liver cells.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.169-180
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• 2004

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of TENS on muscle pain induced by carrageenan. Muscle pain was induced in male Sprague-Dowley rats by intra-muscular injection of gastrocnemius with $3\%$ carrageenan. nNOS was measured to assess the effect of TENS on muscle pain induced by Carrageenan. The lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord was removed in different groups of animals 24 h after induction of muscle pain. The level of nNOS mRNA was measured in the lumbar section of the spinal cord using RT-PCT. The expression of nNOS was analyzed in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord by immunohistochemistry. TENS decreased nNOS immunoreactivity in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord when compared with controls(p<.05). In RT-PCR, TENS decreased nNOS mRNA level of lumbar spinal cord when compared with controls(p<.05). These results suggested that application of TENS attributed to decrease muscle pain.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.90-94
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• 2013

We designed a model composed of a ring type magnet, a yoke, and a sensing coil embedded in a projectile for simulating the muzzle velocity. The muzzle velocity was obtained from the master curve for the induced voltage at sensing coil and the velocity as the projectile pass through the magnetic field. The induced voltage and the projectile's velocity are fitted by the $2^{nd}$ order polynomial. The skin effect difference between projectiles which consist of aluminum-aluminum and aluminum-steel was small. The projectile will surely be burst at the pre-determined target area using the flight time and the projectile muzzle velocity calculated from the voltage induced at the sensing coil on the projectile.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.275-286
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• 2013

In the present study, antioxidant activity and protective effect of extracts from Sambucus williamsii var. coreana stems (SWC) were evaluated on tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) induced oxidative stress in human liver (Chang) cells. Antioxidant activities of the SWC extracts were determined by various radical scavenging activities, such as DPPH, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethybenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. SWC extracts showed strong antioxidant effect on various assay. To determine the hepatoprotective effects of SWC on t-BHP induced oxidative damage, cell viability was measured using MTT assay. Pretreatment of SWC extracts showed increasing cell viability, decreasing ROS and restoring mitochondria membrane potential on t-BHP induced oxidative stress in Chang cells. Our findings suggest that SWC extracts may be considered a potential agent for therapeutic protective effect from oxidative stress through its antioxidant activity.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.867-871
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• 2001

We have studied the characteristic wave propagation in 1,4-CHD-Bromate-Ferroin reaction system and we have examined the bead size effect on the wave propagation of the system by adopting a half-divided Petri dish which is separated into two parts by the size of cation-exchange resin. It has been done to understand the reaction process inducing the characteristic wave behavior in the system. The characteristic wave behavior of the system is in the spontaneous induction of a revival wave with a long time lag. We have obtained a result that the revival wave is not affected by the size of catalyst-doped beads while the initially induced wave is influenced by the size of beads. It means that the two waves are induced by different reaction processes each other and the revival wave is induced by an uncatalyzed reaction process.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.202-210
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• 1997

Protective effect of DA-9601, an extract of Artemisia Herb, against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury was evaluated in rats. In the prophylactic study, DA-9601 exhibited total protection (99.4%) against absolute ethanol-induced gastropathy, And the protective effect of DA-9601 lasted up to 2 hours, which was longer than those of other contemporary mucoprotectants. In the treatment study, DA-9601 significantly facilitated the healing of 70% ethanol-induced mucosal damage, which was superior to cetraxate, a commonly used anti-ulcer drug. The mechanisms of mucoprotection of DA-9601 were also assessed. DA-9601 increased the release of prostaglandin E$_2$ from murine neutrophils in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. The cytoprotective effect of DA-9601 against ethanol-induced mucosal damage was significantly diminished by the concommitant injection of N$\omega$-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 5 mg/kg, i.v.), a non-specific nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, while it was not affected by preinjection of indomethacin (5 mg/kg, s.c.), a prostaglandins-depletor. And it was found that DA-9601 significantly enhanced adaptive cytoprotective action of 10% ethanol against absolute ethanol (56.9$\pm$6.5 vs 23.0$\pm$3.3 mm$^2$, p<0.05, mean$\pm$SEM), though its exact underlying mechanism remains to be clarified. The present fin[lings demonstrate that DA-9601 exerts gastroprotecticv actions for the stomach against ethanol through several different underlying mechanisms, in which prostanglandins and NO are involved. In conclusion, the results obtained suggest that DA-9601 can be useful both in prevention and treatment of ethanol-induced gastric damage.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.183-188
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• 2013

Ultraviolet (UV) B irradiation induces the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are responsible for the degradation or synthesis inhibition of collagenous extracellular matrix in connective tissues, causing skin photoaging. In this study, we examined the inhibitory effect of MMP-1 expression of yam extract in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-${\alpha}$)-stimulated human dermal fibroblast neonatal (HDFn) cell and preventive effect of UVB-induced damage in hairless mice skin. The synthesis of procollagen and the release of MMP-1 in HDFn cells were measured by EIA kit and MMP-1 assay kit, respectively. UVB radiation was applied to the backs of the mice three times a week for 8 weeks. Mice were randomly divided into three groups, and were topical application with the Dioscorea batatas (DB, 6%) or vehicle. Reduction of TNF-${\alpha}$-induced procollagen synthesis was increased by DB (50 ug/ml), which was higher than positive control group (TGF-${\beta}$). Also, pre-treatment of HDFn cells with DB inhibited TNF-${\alpha}$-induced release of MMP-1. In vivo study, we found that preventive effect of DB against UV-induced epidermal thickness. DB suppressed the expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13 induced by UVB irradiation. Our results show that DB have preventive effect of UV-induced skin damage in hairless mice.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.171-178
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• 2017

This study evaluated the protective effect of Chungkookjang (CKJ) extract, a Korean traditional fermented soybean product made from Bacillus species in rice straw and boiled soybean, and one of its main flavonoids, genistein, against Trp-P-1 induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in HepG2 cells. CKJ and genistein exhibited protective effect against Trp-P-1 induced cytotoxicity and Trp-P-1 induced DNA single strand breaks. CKJ and genistein inhibited Trp-P-1 induced CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 transcription in HepG2 cells. Our results indicated that CKJ and genistein have the protective effect against Trp-P-1 induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage. Via inhibiting expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2. CKJ can be used as a promising functional food material that prevents the genotoxicity induced by carcinogens produced by the heat treatment of foods such as heterocyclic amines (HCAs) that cause genomic instability.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.75-88
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• 2007

Objectives : We investigated the effects of Hominis placenta Herbal acupuncture on rheumatoid arthritis. Methods : We investigated the Type II collagen-induced arthritis test, vascular permeability test, phenyl benzoquinone-induced writhing test, hot plate test, carbon clearance test, determination of prostaglandin $E_2$ content and cyclooxygenase-2 activity test. Results : Hominis placenta Herbal acupuncture suppressed Type II collagen-induced arthritis in DBA/1J mice and vascular permeability with 10.2% inhibition in ICR mice. We see the phenyl benzoquinone-induced writhing test and the hot plate test in the analgesic activity test. In the phenyl benzoquinone-induced writhing test, Hominis placenta Herbal acupuncture showed that it increased its analgesic effect more than the control(test?) by 85.5%. In the hot plate test, it was also shown that the analgesic effect increased more than the control(test) by 32.1%. In the carbon clearance test, the immuno-stimulatory effect showed more than the control(test) by 8.0%. The formation of prostaglandin $E_2$ was also reduced more than the control(test) by 10.1%. Finally, cyclooxygenase-2 activity was inhibitedwith 36.3%. Conclusions : Hominis placenta Herbal acupuncture may be useful for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis after injection.