• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• 제8권6호
• /
• pp.697-701
• /
• 2010

The numbers of digital video cameras are fast increased. Accordingly, digital video data management is becoming more important. Efficient storing method and fast browsing method still remains to be one of significant issue. In this paper, an optimized data storing process without losing information and an organized appearance features indexing method are proposed. Also, the data removing policy could be used to reduce large amount of space and it facilitates fast sequential search. The appearance features index constructs key information of moving objects to answer queries about what people are doing, particularly when, where and who they move. The evaluation results showed better performance in the transfer time and the saving in storage space.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 1998년도 Proceedings of International Symposium on Remote Sensing
• /
• pp.218-224
• /
• 1998

The coefficients of variation obtained from three typical vegetation indices of eight levels of multi-spatial resolution images in urban areas were employed to identify the optimum spatial resolution in terms of maintaining information quality. These multi-spatial resolution images were prepared by degrading 1 meter simulated, 16 meter ADEOS/AVNIR, and 30 meter Landsat-TM images. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Perpendicular Vegetation Index (PVI) and Soil Adjusted Ratio Vegetation Index (SARVI) were applied to reduce data redundancy and compare the characteristics of multi-spatial resolution image of vegetation indices. The threshold point on the curve of the coefficient of variation was defined as the optimum resolution level for the analysis with multi-spatial resolution image sets. Also, the results from the image segmentation approach of region growing to extract man-made features were compared with these multi-spatial resolution image sets.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제50권3호
• /
• pp.132-135
• /
• 2007

An efficient production method of chlorella extract was developed by enzymatic treatment using cell lytic and proteolytic enzymes. The suitable dosage of Tunicase, a cell lytic enzyme, was found to be 1.0% (w/w). Proteolytic enzymes were screened to obtain high chlorella growth factor (CGF) index, which indicates crude CGF content and solid recovery. Among the seven tested proteases, Esperase, whose optimal dosage was 1.0% (w/w), was selected. By co-treatment using optimal dosages of Tunicase and Esperase, the highest CGF index and solid recovery were obtained. The CGF index and solid recovery of co-treatment were remarkably enhanced by 250 ($4.36{\rightarrow}15.21$) and 220% ($12.65%{\rightarrow}40.15%$), respectively, than those of the non-treated extracts.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.245-248
• /
• 2007

In this paper, we research the content-based analysis and classification according to the composition of the feature parameter data base for the audio data to implement the audio data index and searching system. Audio data is classified to the primitive various auditory types. We described the analysis and feature extraction method for the feature parameters available to the audio data classification. And we compose the feature parameters data base in the index group unit, then compare and analyze the audio data centering the including level around and index criterion into the audio categories. Based on this result, we compose feature vectors of audio data according to the classification categories, and simulate to classify using discrimination function.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.45-55
• /
• 2014

Objectives : The main aim of this study was to assess the comparative efficiency of two preparation types of Hwangryunhaedok decoction(HRHD-D) using distilled and mixed extraction by measuring the index components and indicators of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Methods : The antioxidant activity was assessed by comparing distilled and mixed extractions of HRHD-D using an ELISA reader. The anti-inflammatory effect was determined by measuring NO amounts in RAW 264.7 cells. The contents were analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector(HPLC-DAD). Results : The electron donating ability of mixed and distilled extractions obtained with 500 ppm DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay) solution were 57.8 % and 4.2 %, respectively. The total phenolic content of mixed extraction was 6.9 times that of distilled extraction and total flavonoid content was 51.5 times higher. The anti-inflammatory effect was assessed by NO measurement, and was found to increase significantly dependent on concentration in all mixed extract concentrations(25, 50, 100, 200, $400{\mu}g/mL$), but the difference in distilled extraction by concentration was only significant at 200 and $400{\mu}g/mL$. The HPLC analysis results of mixed extract of HRHD-D showed detection of all four main active constituents of HRHD-D. However, they were not detected in the distilled extract of HRHD-D. Conclusions : Mixed extraction with distillation added to decoction of HRHD-D showed better efficacy in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and ingredient quantities compared to distilled extraction. Further stability and clinical efficacy studies for standardization of mixed extractions are required.

• 한국광학회지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.275-286
• /
• 2005

InGaN LED에서 칩 구조 및 칩마운트 구조에 따른 광추출효율의 변화를 Monte Calo 기법을 이용하여 해석하였다. Simulation을 통해 얻은 중요한 결론의 하나는, InGaAlP 또는 InGaN/SiC LED의 경우에서는 달리, InGaN/sapphire LED의 경우 칩의 측 벽면 기울임 기법의 광추출효율 개선효과가 상대적으로 미미하다는 점이다. InGaN/SiC LED의 경우와는 달리, 기판으로 사용되는 sapphire의 굴절률이 상대적으로 작아서 생성된 광자들이 기판으로 넘어가는데 전반사장벽을 만나게 되어, 많은 광자들이 기판으로 넘어가지 못하고 두께가 매우 얇은 반도체 결정층에 갇히는 현상 때문이다. 동일한 현상은 epi-down 구조의 칩 마운트에서 광추출효율이 크게 개선되지 못하는 원인으로도 작용하게 된다. 광추출효율 관점에서의 epi-down 구조의 InGaN/sapphire LED가 갖고 있는 잠재력을 살리기 위한 방법의 하나는 기판-에피택시 계면을 texturing 하는 것이라고 할 수 있는데, 이 경우 생성된 광자들이 다량기판으로 넘어갈 수 있게 되어 광추출효율이 현저하게 개선된다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.61-69
• /
• 2021

Background: Inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) using lidocaine 2% is commonly used for anesthetizing primary mandibular molars; however, this technique has the highest level of patient discomfort compared to other local anesthesia techniques. Therefore, alternative anesthesia techniques are necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a single buccal infiltration of 4% articaine with IANB using 2% lidocaine, for the bilateral extraction of primary mandibular molars. Methods: The present study was conducted on 30 patients aged between 6 and 9 years, who required the extraction of bilateral primary mandibular molars. The patients were randomly divided into two groups as follows: In the first session, Group A received IANB with lidocaine 2% and group B received infiltration with articaine 4%. In the second session, another injection method was performed on the opposite side. The Wong-Baker Facial Pain scale (WBFPS), Face Leg Activity Cry, and Consolability (FLACC), and physiologic parameters were used to assess pain perception. Results: The independent t-test showed no statistically significant difference in blood pressure and heart rate before and after extraction (P > 0.05). The mean FLACC index in the lidocaine and articaine groups was 0.89 and 1.36, respectively; there was no statistically significant difference between them (P > 0.05). According to the results of the chi-square test, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups for WBFPS (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The articaine infiltration technique may be an alternative to the IANB for the extraction of primary mandibular molars.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제20권7호
• /
• pp.83-88
• /
• 2001

본 논문에서는 해양환경 인자의 오정합에 강인한 특성치 추출 기법에 의한 정합장 처리 방법 (FEM: Feature Extraction Method)을 요약하였다. FEM 기법을 이용하여 음원 위치를 추정하는데 선행되어 해결해야 할 두 가지 요소 즉, 제거해야 할 고유벡터의 수와 사용해야 할 환경 샘플 개수에 대하여 고찰해 보고 이에 대한 해결책을 제시하였다. 이 문제점들을 해결하기 위하여 주어진 해양환경에서 진행하는 모드들 중에서 지배적인 모드의 개수와 제거해야 할 고유벡터의 개수와의 관계를 살펴보았다. 그리고 신호벡터가 이루는 공간과 추출해야 할 고유벡터가 이루는 공간을 비교하고 두 공간의 유사성을 정량화하여 분석하였다. 정합장 처리 방법으로 추정한 음원의 위치와 실제 음원의 위치와의 상대적인 오차를 정의하고 분석결과를 보증하였다. 지배적인 모드의 개수만큼 가장 큰 고유벡터를 추출했을 경우 FEM 프로세서가 음원의 위치를 성공적으로 추정하였고, GBNLMIS 해양 환경에서 최소 30개 이상의 환경 샘플을 사용해야 FEM 프로세서의 안정된 성능을 보장할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제51권2호
• /
• pp.155-165
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate changes of the alveolar bone and interdental bone septum of the mandibular incisors through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) after orthodontic treatment of mandibular dental crowding without dental extraction. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 64 CBCT images(32 pre-treatment and 32 post-treatment) from 32 adult patients with class I malocclusion and an average age of 23.0±3.9 years. The width and height of the alveolar bone and interdental septum, the distance between the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and the facial and lingual bone crests, and the inclination of the mandibular incisors were measured. Results: The distance between the CEJ and the marginal bone crest on the facial side increased significantly (P<0.05). An increased distance between the CEJ and the bone crest on the facial and lingual sides showed a correlation with the irregularity index (P<0.05); however, no significant association was observed with increasing mandibular incisor inclination (P>0.05). The change in the distance between the CEJ and the marginal bone crest on the facial side was correlated significantly with bone septum height(P<0.05). Conclusion: Bone dehiscence developed during the treatment of crowding without extraction only on the incisors' facial side. Increasing proclination of the mandibular incisor was not correlated with bone dehiscence. The degree of dental crowding assessed through the irregularity index was associated with the risk of developing bone dehiscence. The interdental septum reflected facial marginal bone loss in the mandibular incisors.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2023

PURPOSE: This study developed an experimental algorithm, which is similar or identical to semantic linking for KCF codes, even if it converted existing semantic code linking methods to morphological code extraction methods. The purpose of this study was to verify the applicability of the system. METHODS: An experimental algorithm was developed as a morphological extraction method using code-specific words in the KCF code descriptions. The algorithm was designed in five stages that extracted KCF code using natural language paragraphs. For verification, 80 clinical natural language experimental cases were defined. Data acquisition for the study was conducted with the deliberation and approval of the bioethics committee of the relevant institution. Each case was linked by experts and was extracted through the System. The linking accuracy index model was used to compare the KCF code linking by experts with those extracted from the system. RESULTS: The accuracy was checked using the linking accuracy index model for each case. The analysis was divided into five sections using the accuracy range. The section with less than 25% was compared; the first experimental accuracy was 61.24%. In the second, the accuracy was 42.50%. The accuracy was improved to 30.59% in the section by only a weight adjustment. The accuracy can be improved by adjusting several independent variables applied to the system. CONCLUSION: This paper suggested and verified a way to easily extract and utilize KCF codes even if they are not experts. KCF requires the system for utilization, and additional study will be needed.