• International Area Studies Review
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.3-27
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• 2018

This paper analyzes Cuba's market-oriented reforms to alleviate essential problems with socialist countries such as soft budget constraints and incentive problems. It also discuss about effectiveness of industrial policy as a development strategy. The soft budget constraints and incentive problems resulted in the collapse of Soviet bloc and COMECON in early 1990s. After the collapse, Cuban economy suffered a steep dive, and national income tumbling down rapidly. Cuban faced serious shortages of food, gasoline, and other basic necessities of life. To halt and partially reverse economic downturn and dire austerity in the 1990's, the Cuban government made some partial reforms to the inherited Soviet system of cental planningand faced severe shortage in food, energy, and daily necessities. In response to the economic crisis. Cuba introduced economic reforms and implemented industrial policy as a development strategy as long as Cuba maintained a strong socialist country. Cuban government established the economic free zone law and attempted to induce foreign direct investment by implementing export-led industrial policy. Fiedel Castro approved the Law No. 165 "Free Zones and Industrial Parks", in 1996. However, Cuba's ESZ strategy seems to have failed because of the U.S. sanctions, but also because of Cuba's own policies, which do not allow foreign investors to hire workers directly and impose a high implicit tax on wages. By limiting advanced techniques of personnel and organization management, indirect employment can result in lowering work efforts and productivity of workers, and aggravating production efficiency in the ESZs. Another reason to fail comes from the double wage structure due to the double monetary-exchange rate system. Most of the high non-wage costs result from the double exchange rate system. Due to Cuba's imbalanced industry and production structures, concentrated labor force, and urbanization and centralization of agriculture production, the industrial transformation development model suggested by Lewis has not been successful unlike other Asian agriculture-led development model. Cuba has to overcome many difficulties in implementing industrial policy as a development strategy.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.3-54
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• 2003

This paper studies the effects of the special surcharge on deposits, proposed as a plan to finance the costs of restructuring Korean corporate and financial sectors. Specifically, the study analyzes the change in the autonomous behavior of economic agents in terms of cost transfer and substitution effects. Given the result that the growth rate of deposits does not respond to the change of interest rates so much as that of loans, financial institutions have more incentive to transfer the costs incurred by the special surcharge to depositors. This paper also reports that the portfolio of households show a noteworthy feature that insured deposits have a relatively small portion in terms of total assets for high-asset class households, whereas most assets for low-asset class households are subject to the special surcharge.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.81-90
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• 2014

This study was carried out to identify the limitations and problems of organization, as well as present plans to activate the organization through diagnosis on 'My Hometown Keeper' organization that was created for the purpose of growth of agricultural and fishing regions, and environment improvement. Utilizing Weisbord's Six-box Model, an organization diagnosis model useful for diagnosis of 'My Hometown Keeper' organization, 6 areas including organization's objective, structure, relationship, compensation system, leadership, subsidiary device system etc. and 14 survey questions were prepared, and a survey investigation was conducted on the staff at Korea Rural Community Corporation in charge of 'My Hometown Keeper' participating residents and administrative support. Based on the analysis results of survey investigation, the limitations and problems of organization were identified, and as plans to improve these and activate 'My Hometown Keeper' organization, 'Clear establishment of organization's objective and role', 'Preparation of compensation and incentive system', 'Growth of relationship and leadership between constituents' 'Enhancing the utilization of subsidiary device system such as education and information acquisition etc.' etc. were presented.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.12-35
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• 2020

Quality performance information has been regarded as a significant step toward managing public performance. Although a correlation between the quality of information and its actual usage among managers in high-accountability policy areas has been found, quality performance information has not been properly provided to practitioners. This study takes an Institutional Analysis and Development approach to assess an appropriate institutional framework that facilitates state agencies and academics to coproduce this information. Based on a conceptual framework, we analyze a public information system of the Workforce Data Quality Initiative in Ohio and carry out a content analysis with NVIVO. It is found that arrangements that can manage the incentive dynamic in this process may help to align heterogeneous stakeholders in a mutually supportive fashion. Also, the research agenda and information resulted from being coproduced for management and academic purposes, simultaneously. This use of administrative data sheds light on how quality performance information can be coproduced under an appropriate institutional arrangement between administration and research communities. It is suggested that accessibility to the information system among various stakeholders should be improved.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.1878-1885
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• 2009

The railway advance policy from Korea government, KORAIL have to reduce a half of his railway business loss until 2010 and turnout railway business black ink until 2012. To overcome this difficult management situation, KORAIL has been set up new marketing organization in Seoul station which is necessary and venerable. According to the leadership of Seoul station master, Seoul station's marketing team was launched at April 2008. The marketing team will introduce total marketing for KORAIL corporation in their marketing activity such as advertisement, B to B railway tickets, railway travel package sales and customer satisfaction event with other corporations, and so on. After automated ticket system(SMS and Home-printed ticket) will lead to existing ticket sales persons to become activating marketing team members. In the organization case study in Seoul station, this study how to manage new marketing team have a great performance last 8 months and analysed what was a successful factors and principals, and also their team limits within KORAIL's organization structure. In the long run, we suggest that how can be this team to be support within KORAIL system such as incentive system, payment system, and marketing budgets etc.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.171-189
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• 2005

In order to improve inefficient and unproductive factors and in response to criticisms of the failure in harbor privatization introduced in 1997, the Korean government introduced the Port Authority system, which is commonly adopted in advanced harbors in the world. This research examined the theoretical background of harbor management system and various cases of harbor management in foreign countries. The desirable introduction of Port Authority system must be preceded by the settlement of problems in harbor structure and operation. In addition, the Port Authority Act, which restricts the autonomy of harbor corporations, should be improved for user-centered Port Authority system. Strategies for the successful introduction of Incheon Port Authority are as follows. Firstly it is required to establish consumer-centered harbor operation system. The second requirement is to activate the harbor logistics industry through the development of nearby logistic complexes led by Port Authority and, by doing so, to promote the development of local economy. Thirdly it is essential to lay the foundation of mutual prosperity through developing profitable businesses by linking localities and harbors, and to suggest a crisis control network for Port Authority and local self-governing bodies to cope jointly with crises in logistics and natural disasters.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

This study, focusing on the area expansion of limestone mines, identifies the problems of Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA) and what impact the current problems exert on another mines developing process. The legal relations analysis reveals that the Management of Mountainous Districts Act and other related laws effect on EIA process, especially the case of area expansion of limestone mines excluded from EIA. However, these problems can create mismatch with the policy goal of EIA system and have a negative impact on the environment in the future. A series of indepth interviews with managers in related agencies found that those agencies have been unaware of the seriousness of the problem. Without any strategy, negative result made by development activities would get more serious and sustainable development may not be possible at all. In order to solve these problems, government should modify the current interdependent legal provision and create the incentive structure to participate actively related agency in the EIA system.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.301-309
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• 2011

Apartment housings that adopt a bearing wall structure design, which account for a majority of the housing units available in Korea, are not free from structural constraints that limit the extension of their service life. The resulting need for reconstruction from the ground up requires a massive consumption of resources and energy, and triggers environmental pollution resulting from construction wastes. As a solution to such issues, the government enforces incentive schemes to promote a remodeling-friendly rahmen structure design. Green Frame, which is a novel concept of composite precast concrete structure to support rahmen structure apartment housing buildings, can address the constraints of bearing wall structure and conventional rahmen structure designs that limit the potential for remodeling projects, while reducing the term of construction. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the characteristics of Green Frame and its absolute term of construction, and compare the terms of frame work construction in apartment housing projects adopting different structural design approaches to illuminate their differences. In the end, Green Frame is found to be capable of reducing the term of construction in apartment housing projects. As the term of construction is a very critical element of a construction project, Green Frame will ultimately prove to be one of the key enablers to ensure the success of apartment housing construction projects.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.119-127
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• 2014

This study suggests institutional and methodological approaches for preservation of South Korea's registered cultural properties of modern architecture. The suggested approaches are as follows. First, in order to improve the current registration and preservation system for cultural properties, we need to employ both structure-based classification and style-based classification. Registration criteria for modern architecture properties need to include more detailed classification in terms of their structure: brick structure, steel concrete structure and post lintel structure. In terms of construction style, the properties need to be further classified into the western style, the traditional style and the Korean-western eclectic style. In addition, protection of registered cultural properties need to be achieved through legislation of a protection system. Second, while the current system sets out six methods for preservation of registered cultural properties of modern architecture, more specific preservation methods types and plans need to be continuously introduced. In particular, as for the method of partial preservation, the method needs to be further classified based on the usage of the relevant structure so as to allow for more diverse options. First, the 'Preservation by Interior Alteration' needs to be added to the category, where the exterior is preserved as it is and the interior is preserved through alteration. Also needs to be added the preservation method where the interior space is preserved as it is and the exterior space is altered, in case the finishing materials of the exterior has deteriorated. Third, if the records on registered cultural properties of modern architecture are to provide the functions of legal evidences regarding management of architectural cultural properties, sources of knowledge required for policy making and implementation and past management record for the future, each phase needs to be closely connected in an organic manner, and we need to establish a management system and plan that go beyond the relevant organizations. Fourth, in order to preserve South Korea's registered cultural properties of modern architecture in its original state, it is imperative to prepare separate criteria for registration of technicians with expertise on modern architecture, and train experts and technicians on modern architecture, which is distinguished from the traditional architecture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2011

In this study, the priority was assessed and the compensation relationships were analyzed with regard to the issue of port development with conflicts among decision makers. First, the assessment factors were selected by the relevant literatures on port development, and fuzzy structure modeling was used to select assessment factors via structuralization analysis. Second, the local residents, port users, and local government were chosen as the main port-development related entities, and the analytic hierarchy process was used to calculate the total assessment value. Third, the justice based on majority power rule method was used as an assessment method that would minimize the amount of complaints according to the total assessment results and the alternative selection when a partnership was formed among the assessment entities. Moreover, the compensation issue according to the alternative selection was quantified, and the compensation relationships were analyzed. As a result, it was found that port development in Busan must be the top priority in terms of port development in South Korea, that awareness of environmental issues must be promoted among the port users, and that the local governments must promote environmental incentive policies for Environment-friendly port development.