• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2010

In this study, we established an in vitro regeneration system to maximize the recovery of leafy perilla (Perilla frutescens L. Britton) plantlets as part of developing a molecular biotechnology-based metabolic engineering program for this crop plant. Hypocotyl segments including the apical buds were used as explants for the direct production of shoots without an interim callus phase. The number of shoots produced from the apical buds peaked within 3-4 weeks, and the shoots were subsequently cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with 2 mg $1^{-1}$ benzylaminopurine (BA). Spontaneous rhizogenesis was observed after 7-10 days of culture on MS media without hormonal additives. The rooted shoots developed into normal plants in soil after hardening on distilled water for 3-4 days. The average plantlet regeneration frequency was higher for the apical buds (64.33%) than for the top (15.66%), middle (4%), and basal (1.33%) segments of the hypocotyls. This regeneration system demonstrates a capacity for high-frequency plantlet recovery and thus should be considered for use in the genetic manipulation of leafy perilla.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.26-39
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• 2020

In maize, immature embryos (IEs) are highly regenerative explants most suitable for producing high frequencies of plantlet regeneration in vitro. Apart from media, explants, and hormones, genotypic variation also influences in vitro characters to a great extent. In the present study, IEs were used to study the distinctive effect of variation of size/stage and hormones in different genotypes on five in vitro characters viz., frequency of callus induction, growth rate of total callus, frequency of E. callus induction, and volume and number of regenerated plantlets. LS medium with different concentrations of 2,4-D (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 4.0 and 5.0 mg/L) were used to study the former four in vitro characters, and medium with 6-benzylaminopurine and kinetin (0.5 mg/L, each) was used for plantlet regeneration. IEs of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 mm in size were isolated from four inbred lines viz., NM74C, NM81A, NM5883 and NM5884. Two-way ANOVA revealed that explant size and genotypes, as well as hormonal concentrations showed significant effects on in vitro characters. Two millimeter IEs were found to be suitable for in vitro cultures. LS medium with 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D and LS with BAP and Kn (0.5 mg/L, each) were found to be the best hormonal concentrations for callus induction, maintenance, and regeneration, respectively. Among the four genotypes, NM81A and NM5883 yielded more non-embryogenic and Type I E. calli. In contrast, NM74C and NM5884 yielded more highly regenerative Type II calli. Inbred line NM5884 was found to be the best among these four genotypes.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 1993

양하(襄荷)를 대양번식(大量繁植) 하고자 경정부위(莖頂部位)의 기내배양(器內培養) 방법(方法)을 확립(確立)하기위하여, 경정부위(莖頂部位)의 생장(生長)에 알맞은 기본부지(基本部地) 및 식물생장조절제(植物生長調節劑)의 농도(濃度)를 구명(究明)하고자 본(本) 실험(實驗)을 수행(遂行)하였던 바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 양하(襄荷)의 경정부위(莖頂部位)는 치상후(置床後) $10{\sim}12주(週)$ 후(後)에 기관(器官) 분화현상(分化現像)이 나타나서 shoot와 root가 발생(發生)되었다 2. 양하(襄荷)의 경정(莖頂)은 MS기본부지(基本部地)에 치상(置床)한 환경(環境) 비교적(比較的) 생장(生長)이 잘 되었다. 3. 기내(器內)의 Plantlet의 생장(生長)은 식물생장조절제(植物生長調節劑) NAA 0.5ppm과 BA 5.0ppm의 혼합(混合) 첨가배지(添加培地)에서 좋은 경향(傾向)이었다.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.259-266
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• 2009

A plantlet regeneration protocol was developed on pot-grown mature plants of Elaeocarpus robustus Roxb. cv. Dwarf from nodal and leaf explants. The best yield of adventitious shoots was achieved from the leaf-derived calli in a modified MS ($MMS_1$, half strength of major salts, full strength of minor salts, and vitamins) medium containing $4.0{\mu}M$ BA + $4.0{\mu}M$ Kn + $0.5{\mu}M$ NAA + 15% coconut water (CW). The shoot multiplication rate was amplified about twofold per culture after the addition of 15% CW to the medium. The rate of shoot multiplication reached maximum at the 5th subculture, and it maintained this rate throughout the 3 subsequent subcultures. The best rooting in vitro was investigated by subculturing the microcuttings in an $MMS_2$ (half strength of both major salts and minor salts and full strength of vitamins) medium containing $1.0{\mu}M$ IBA in the dark for one initial week at $30^{\circ}C$, followed by subculturing them in a plant-growth regulator (PGR)-free medium in the light. The plantlets raised in vitro were successfully established under ex vitro conditions.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.169-172
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• 2003

Somatic embryogenesis was initiated from in vitro grown leaf explants of rose following an induction period of four weeks on MS basal medium supplemented with auxin and several subcultures on MS medium with cytokinin. '4th of July' showed the highest regeneration frequencies on 1 mg/L NAA followed by culture on medium with 4 mg/L zeatin. The embryogenic callus was propagated on MS medium with NAA, zeatin and $GA_3$. Germination of somatic embryos was achieved on MS medium with 1 mg/L BA. Somatic embryo derived plantlets were hardened and successfully transferred to the greenhouse.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.87-91
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• 2006

An efficient plant regeneration of C. asiatica was achieved from organogenesis using petiole explants of in vitro plantlet on MS basal medium controled with different plant growth regulators (NAA,2,4-D, IAA kinetin, and BA). Best results that 50%, efficiency of regeneration per explant for regeneration were obtained with IAA $17.13\;{\mu}M$ and BA $8.9\;{\mu}M$. Formation of adventitious shoots via organogenesis from the petiole explant was verified by histological sectioning of plantlets. Regenerated plants were transplanted into soil.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2020년도 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.58-58
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• 2020

Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge (yellowhorn) is a woody tree in the soapberry family, Sapindaceae, native to northern China. This species has been identified as a major woody bioenergy plant for bio-diesel production because of high oil content in seed. But the flowers do not bear fruit well while the many flowers blooming. This study was performed to regenerate in vitro plantlet using adventitious shoot formation. To establish the protocol of plant regeneration, adventitious shoots formation rate in the culture of cotyledon of immature zygotic embryos was 68.6% in 1/2 MS medium with 0.5 mg l-1 BA and 3% sucrose (w/v). In the culture of cotyledons of mature zygotic embryos, induction of adventitious shoots was needed to contain high sucrose in pre-culture medium and the frequency of shoot induction was 64.4%. Multiple shoots were induced in 0.5 mg l-1 TDZ, and rooting of shoot was induced 4.0 mg l-1 IBA. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that all the regenerated plantlets were diploid.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.110-118
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• 2016

We compared germination efficiency for somatic embryos (SE) of Liriodendron tulipifera using semi-solid (SS), temporary immersion bioreactors (TIB), and continuous immersion bioreactors (CIB) to produce vigorous plants. The bioreactors were designed to be immersed in liquid media with plantlets with an adjustable immersion time. TIB and CIB improved germination rates up to 80.86% and 95.21%, respectively, however, CIB produced more hyperhydric plantlets than TIB. The height of plantlets in TIB was significantly higher than for those in CIB. Fresh weights of plantlets grown in CIB of were significantly lower than for those grown in TIB. The lowest chlorophyll concentration was found in in vitro plantlets from CIB. We examined abnormally developed leaves, stems, and apical zones of in vitro plantlets that were produced in CIB. Among the three types, SS showed the highest stomatal density and the shortest stomatal length in in vitro plantlets. After acclimatization, plants from CIB exhibited the lowest values in biomass, such as height, root collar diameter, leaf fresh weight, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, petiole diameter, and leaf area. Photosynthesis and transpiration rates of ex vitro plants were not significantly different among the three culture types, but stomatal conductance was higher in TIB than in the SS and CIB. Therefore, the results suggest that TIB is the preferable bioreactor to improve in vitro plantlet regeneration of L. tulipifera. TIB-originated plants showed higher growth rate than SS and CIB after transferring to soil.

• Plant Resources
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.29-44
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• 2002

In this study, plant regeneration through in vitro culture from plantlet stems of Yooja (C. junos Sieb.) and trifoliate orange (P. trifoliata Rafin.) was attempted to make mass-production system of virus-free plants having the same genotype with mother plant. In order to investigate physiological change depending on the developmental stage of plant regeneration, the changes of total protein, peroxidase and esterase activity and their isozyme patterns as well were examined in 1/2 MS medium. The results are as follows : 1. The MS medium for the optimal callus induction and shoot formation was utilized. The medium was supplemented either with 2,4-D and Kinetin or with BA and NAA. The optimal concentrations were the combination of 1.0mg/ 2,4-D +0.3mg/ Kinetin and 1.0mg BA +0.3mg NAA in callus induction and shoot formation, respectively. 2. For the plant regeneration from somatic embryos, 1/2 MS medium was used with supplements of growth regulators (free, 1.0mg/ IBA +1.0mg/ BA ,0.5mg/ IBA +0.5mg/ BA). Shooting and rooting were the best in the treatment of 0.5mg/ IBA and 0.5mg/ BA combination. 3. The total protein content has a tendency of increase with the developmental stage of embryo, but it was decreased at the plantlet. Also it was the highest at 8 and 6 weeks stage in C. junos Sieb. and P. trioliata Rafin, respectively. In the SDS-PAGE pattern of protein, C. junos Sieb. showed bands of 29.0 and 40kDa at 10 weeks. The 45,66 and 97.4 kDa bands at 10 weeks of culture were shown in P. trifoliata Rafin. 4. The highest esterase activity was shown at the 6 and 8 weeks of culture in C.junos Sieb. and P. trifoliata Rafin.., respectively. 5. Esterase isozyme patterns were shown difference according to the developmental stage. In C. junos Sieb. a new band was observed at pl 7.7 following 4 weeks culture. On the other hand, new bands in P. trifoliata Rafin. were observed at pl 7.5~6.5 following 4 and 6 weeks culture, respectively.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2019년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.15-15
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• 2019

The walnut (Juglans regia L.), a member of the Juglandaceae, is native to the mountain ranges of central Asia. This species of walnut is valued commercially for its nuts and in some areas for its timber. The seeds of walnut are recalcitrant and it has strong integument dormancy and their germination is irregular, making its natural propagation difficult. Low percentage of seed germination and long propagation cycle are the main problems of propagation. This study was conducted medium composition on in vitro plantlet regeneration from axillary buds of walnut. It has proved to be the most generally applicable and reliable method of in vitro propagation. Micropropagation culture that axillary buds are excised aseptically enables faster multiplication of plants. The axillary buds of walnut new cultivar "Sinlyeong" were cultured on two basal media which contained the different plant growth regulators depending on the respective shooting and rooting stage. After 12 weeks, the shoot generation rate was 85.3%, the shoot number and its length were 1.9/explant and 2.7 cm in the most favorable medium composition. The percentage of rooting was 25.4%. From these results, it was found the optimum basal medium and plant growth regulator for in vitro plant regeneration from axillary buds of walnut new cultivar "Sinlyeong". However, we have continued to search the other medium additives to enhance the rate of walnut root.