• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-39
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• 2013

How would technoscientists collaborate in their technoscientific practices? Based on the ethnographic research done at NRI(Neuroscience Research Institute), this research shows how collaboration occurs in/outside the interdisciplinary laboratory. As previous studies show, collaboration makes researches possible that otherwise would have been impossible. Korean technoscientists who are situated in the scientific periphery, practice contextualized collaboration in their labs. These collaborations are invisible before opening the black box of the lab. But it acquires visibility after certain incidents such as collaborations, debates and discussions, malfunctioning of the instruments, and networking with other actors occur. These networks again become invisible after the certain incidents end. However these blackboxing and whiteboxing (opening the blackbox) processes occur simultaneously in various levels, it is almost impossible to identify them separately. In real technoscientific practices, blackboxing and whiteboxing do not occur distinctively. They almost always occur at the same time on multi-layered levels, hence forming the 'grey box' of technoscientific practices. Lastly, collaborations inside laboratory have in/visible features, because laboratories function as Foucauldian heterotopias.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.8 no.8
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• pp.1080-1087
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• 2005

Significant computations for full search (FS) motion estimation have been a big obstacle in real-time video coding and recent MPEG-4 AVC (advanced video coding) standard requires much more computations than conventional MPEG-2 for motion estimation. To reduce an amount of computation of full search (FS) algorithm for fast motion estimation, we propose a new and fast matching algorithm without any degradation of predicted images like the conventional FS. The computational reduction without any degradation in predicted image comes from fast elimination of impossible candidate motion vectors. We obtain faster elimination of inappropriate motion vectors using efficient matching units from localization of complex area in image data and dithering order based matching scan. Our algorithm reduces about $30\%$ of computations for block matching error compared with the conventional partial distortion elimination (PDE) algorithm, and our algorithm will be useful in real-time video coding applications using MPEG-4 AVC or MPEG-2.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.351-367
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• 1996

In the field Of individual identification in forensic Science, if the body is charred, it is sometimes impossible to identify the morphologic changes and charred tissue such as blood, muscle and bone can not be identified by forensic microbiologic method such as DNA typing. So the author used the characteristics of teeth which is relatively firm compare to other organs and stable to external environment such as heat and also possess cells needed for the DNA typing. The author conducted the experiment on teeth to detect DNA related to individual identification regarding to temperature in which other charredorgans can not be detected. The experiment was done on 64 extracted third molars consisted of unheated ones, and heated teeth to $100^{\circ}C$, $150^{\circ}C$, $200^{\circ}C$ for 45 min, 90 min, and 120 min respectively and to $250^{\circ}C$ for 45 min. DNA was extracted from each tooth and amplified fragment length polymorphism procedure(AMP-FLPs) using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was applied and observed for the matching DNA in HumTH01 and HumCD4 locus and the followings Are the results : 1. It was able to detect matching DNA in HumTH01 and HumCD4 locus in every teeth which no heating has been done. 2. It was able to detect matching DNA in HumTH01 and HumCD4 locus in every teeth heated to $100^{\circ}C$ for 45, 90 and 120 min. 3. It was able to detect matching DNA in HumTH01 and HumCD4 locus in teeth heated to $l00^{\circ}C$, $200^{\circ}C$ for 45, 90, 120 min. 4. It was impossible to detect matching DNA in HumTH01 and HumCD4 locus in teeth heated to $250^{\circ}C$. So, it is possible to extract DNA from teeth that otherwise can not be extracted from other organs in the charred body and it can be concluded that teeth are highly reliable and applicatable as forensic odontology for individual identification.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.227-231
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• 2004

It is the common features of the integral reactors that the main components of the RCS are installed within the reactor vessel, and so there are no any flow pipes connecting the steam generator or the pump whose type is the axial flow. Due to no any flow pipes, it is impossible to measure the differential pressure at the RCS of the integral reactors, and it also makes impossible measure the flow-rate of the reactor coolant. As a alternative method, the method by the measurement of the pump power of the axial flow pump has been introduced in this study. Up to now, we did not found out a precedent which the pump power is used for the flow-rate calculation at normal operation of the commercial nuclear power plants. The objective of the study is to embody the flow-rate calculation method by the measurement of the pump power in an integral reactor. As a result of the study, we could theoretically reason that the capacity-head curve and capacity-shaft power curve around the rated capacity with the high specific-speeded axial flow pumps have each diagonally steep incline but show the similar shape. Also, we could confirm the above theoretical reasoning from the measured result of the pump motor inputs. So, it has been concluded that it is possible to calculate the flow-rate by the measurement of the pump motor inputs.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.80-84
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• 2015

Softness is considered one of the most important attributes of hygiene paper such as tissue and towel. Being subjective in nature, however, softness attribute has been generally believed to be impossible to evaluate using objective methods. Hallmark in his pioneering work proposed that tissue subjective softness should be mainly consisted of the bulk softness component and surface softness component. The bulk softness component can be determined by tensile stiffness; the surface softness component by surface tester. The surface friction turns out far more important than the surface roughness in determining the surface softness component. It cannot be too much emphasized that both results of the tensile stiffness and the surface friction should depend on measuring conditions such as an instrument used, sample sizes (e.g., basis weight, length, and width) and operating conditions of the instrument (e.g., gauge length, cross-head speed, size of stylus, and its scanning speed). This indicates that a direct comparison of the test results would be impossible or misleading unless they have been tested under the identical conditions. This may explain why the standard objective test method for tissue softness has not been available at present.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.133-141
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• 1988

These studies have been carried out to examine the stability of enzyme activity of PGM$_1$subtypes in seminal stains and vaginal stains according to the period of storage time by means of polyacryiamide gel(PAG) isoelectric focusing. The results from the experiments were as follows. (1) The stabflity of enzyme activity of PGM$_1$subtypes was detennined from seminal stains and vaginal stains according to the period of storage time. The PGM$_1$ subtypes of seminal stains stored at room temperature could be detennined 86% after 7 days and 15% after 14 days, but almost impossible after 21 days. (2) In the case of vaginal stains stored at room temperature, PGM$_1$ subtypes could be determined 67% after 7 days, but almost impossible after 14 days. On the other hand, when the vaginal fluid was mixed with seminal fluid, PGM$_1$ subtypes of the seminal fluid could be postulated by the determination of PGM$_1$ subtypes from the vaginal fluid.These results lead to the possibility of application in forensic biology.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38B no.6
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• pp.492-500
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• 2013

The One-Time Password(OTP) Generator is used as a multi-factor authentication method to ensure secure transaction during e-Financial transaction in the bank and securities company. The OTP based e-Financial Transaction Verification Protocol ensures secure e-financial transaction through confirming the user's identity using OTP authentication information and counters not only Man-in-the-Browser(MITB) attacks but also memory hacking attacks. However, it is possible to generate correct OTPs due to potential of stealing sensitive information of the OTP generator through intelligent phishing, pharming, social engineering attacks. Therefore, it needs another scheme to prevent from above threats, and this paper proposes advanced scheme using Physical Unclonable Functions(PUFs) to solve these problems. First, it is impossible to generate the same OTP values because of the hysically unclonable features of PUFs. In addition, it is impossible to clone OTP generator with hardware techniques. Consequently, the proposed protocol provides stronger and more robust authentication protocol than existing one by adding PUFs in the OTP generator.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.5-30
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• 1988

The object of this experiments was to know the salt tolerance of Fults and other lawn grasses. Fults, Olympic (Tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schred), Ceeping red fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and Zoysia grass (Z. japonica S.) were grown in hydroponics with vermiculite at various concentrations of NaCl. Hoagland's solution was used as the basic solution (control), and the concentrations of Cl to it were 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000 and l5OOOppm, respectively. Each was cultivated under the circumstances during 2 months. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1.The growth of Fults, Olympic, Creeping red fescue and others were better at Cl lOOOppm than control. In the 5OOOppm application, Fescues become worse and 23.9% of them were withered. In concentration of Cl above 9OOOppm, it was impossible to live. 2.In the l0000~l1000ppm application, Olympic and Kentucky bluegrass were become worse and most of them died. 3.Fults were almost possible to live in the below of 9OOOppm, but they began to die in the above of 10000 ppm. 4.With the increasing concentration of Cl, plants were dwarfed and the number of stems, leaves and roots were reduced, but it was especially observed that the number of stolons of Creeping red fescue were increased at 1000~4000ppm. 5.Fults grass was the most salt tolerant turfgrass, but was impossible to live at salt level of about 36 millimhos (Exchange NaCI conductivity-ppm). Among the grasses, according to salt tolerance, they were arranged as follows. Fults > Zoysia japonica S. > Ky belugrass > Olympic grass > Creeping red fescue 6.The number of leaves, stems, tillers, and dry weight of Olympic grass, Fults and others were increased more at Cl 1OOOppm application than control, but in the above 4OOOppm application, those of plants were decreased. 7.The productivity of all grasses under the experiments was increased at 3.l75millimhos (Exchange NaCi conductivity ppm) in the concentration of Cl. The each dry-weight of Olympic, Creeping red fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and Zoysia grass was decreased at 8.85millimhos, and the weight of Fults grass was also decreased remarkably at 12.20millimhos. 8.As the result of this experiments, most plants grow normally at low concentration of NaCI-l000ppm. That seems to stimulate more the grasses to grow than non-salt.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.12a
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• pp.161-166
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• 2003

It is the common features of the integral reactors that the main components of the RCS are installed within the reactor vessel, and so there are no any flow pipes connecting the coolant pumps or steam generators. Due to no any flow pipes, it is impossible to measure the differential pressure at the RCS of the integral reactors, and it also makes impossible measure the flow-rate of the reactor coolant. As a alternative method, the method by the measurement of coolant pump power has been introduced in this study. Up to now, we did not found out a precedent which the coolant pump power is used for the real-time flow-rate calculation at normal operation of the commercial nuclear power plants. The objective of the study is to embody the real-time flow-rate calculation method by the measurement of coolant pump power in an integral reactor. As a result of the study, we could theoretically reason that the capacity-head curve and capacity-shaft power curve around the rated capacity with the high specific-speeded axial flow pumps have each diagonally steep incline but show the similar shape. Also, we could confirm the above theoretical reasoning from the measured result of the pump motor inputs, So, it has been concluded that it is possible to calculate the real-time flow-rate by the measurement of pump motor inputs. In addition, the compensation for a above new method can be made by HBM being now used in the commercial nuclear power plants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.524-527
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• 2005

A society has progressed rapidly toward the highly advanced digital information age. However, noise is generated by several causes, when signal is processed. Therefore, methods for eliminating those noises have researched. There were the existing FFT(fast fourier transform) and STFT(short time fourier transform) for removing noise but it's impossible to know information about time and time-frequency localization capabilities have conflictive relationship. Therefore, for overcoming these limits, wavelet-based denoising methods that are capable of multiresolution analysis are applied to the signal processing field. However, existing threshold- and correlation-based denoising methods consider only statistical characteristics for noise, accordingly a lot of noise is acceptable as an edge and are impossible to remove AWGN and impulse noise, at the same time. Hence, in this paper we proposed wavelet-based new denoising algorithm and compared existing methods with it.