• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.71-80
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• 2013

최근에 모바일 기기의 확산으로 인하여 모바일 접근성에 대한 많은 논의가 이뤄지고 있다. 모바일 접근성이란 모바일 기기를 사용하여 애플리케이션을 이용하고자 하는 장애인, 고령자 등을 포함한 모든 사람들에게 모바일 기기의 활용 가능성이 제공됨을 말한다. 본 논문에서는 음성 서비스 기술을 이용하여 모바일 접근성을 향상하기 위한 인터페이스를 제안하고 구현하였다. 제안된 방법은 안드로이드 스마트폰에서 구현하였으며, 시스템에서 제공하는 음성 인식과 음성 합성 기술을 이용하였다. 또한, 전맹인과 저시력자들의 인터넷 접근을 도와주기 위하여 접근성을 고려한 웹 리더 기능을 응용 프로그램 차원에서 설계하고 구현하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2013

이름대기 능력의 손상은 신경학적 질환을 지닌 환자뿐만 아니라, 정상적인 노화과정에 있는 노인에게서도 빈번하게 관찰된다. 이름대기 능력을 평가하기 위해 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 한국판 보스톤 이름대기 검사(Korean version-the Boston Naming Test, K-BNT)는 60문항으로 구성되어 있다. 일반노인들은 노화에 따른 주의력 감소로 인하여 검사 소요시간이 길면 검사에 대한 집중이 어려워지므로, 검사 결과에 대한 타당도 및 신뢰도를 확보하기 위해서는 문항축소가 바람직하다. 본 연구의 목적은 '문항반응이론(Item Response Theory)'을 적용하여, 60개 문항의 K-BNT를 일반노년층의 이름대기 능력을 가장 잘 평가할 수 있는 15개 문항의 검사(즉, K-BNT-15)를 개발하는 것이었다. 이를 위하여, 일반노인 175명을 대상으로 라쉬분석을 실시하여, 문항적합도, 성별 차이, 문항난이도 등을 평가하였다. K-BNT-15의 실시 결과, 일반 노년층은 10년 단위로 수행력이 감소하였고, 경도인지장애(mild cognitive impairment, MCI) 환자는 일반 노년층에 비해 유의하게 낮은 수행력을 보였다. 본 연구에서는 언어 평가도구의 단축형 개발 시, 특정 집단의 언어적 능력과 문항의 응답 결과의 관계를 규명하여 그 집단에게 적합한 문항을 선별할 수 있다는 점에서 문항반응이론이 유용함을 보여주었다. 또한, K-BNT-15가 노화에 따른 대면이름대기 감소 및 환자군과의 차이를 잘 보여주는 검사임을 검증하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2017

Background: The influence of lifestyle diseases on postoperative complications and long-term survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether lifestyle diseases were significant risk factors of perioperative and long-term surgical outcomes in elderly patients with stage I NSCLC. Methods: Between December 1995 and November 2013, 110 patients aged 65 years or older who underwent surgical resection of stage I NSCLC at Dong-A University Hospital were retrospectively studied. We assessed the presence of the following lifestyle diseases as risk factors for postoperative complications and long-term mortality: diabetes, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, stroke, and ischemic heart disease. Results: The mean age of the patients was 71 years (range, 65 to 82 years). Forty-six patients (41.8%) had hypertension, making it the most common lifestyle disease, followed by diabetes (n=23, 20.9%). The in-hospital mortality rate was 0.9% (n=1). The 3-year and 5-year survival rates were 78% and 64%, respectively. Postoperative complications developed in 32 patients (29.1%), including 7 (6.4%) with prolonged air leakage, 6 (5.5%) with atrial fibrillation, 5 (4.5%) with delirium and atelectasis, and 3 (2.7%) with acute kidney injury and pneumonia. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the presence of a lifestyle disease was the only independent risk factor for postoperative complications. In survival analysis, univariate analysis showed that age, smoking, body mass index, extent of resection, and pathologic stage were associated with impaired survival. Multivariate analysis revealed that resection type (hazard ratio [HR], 2.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08 to 4.49; p=0.030) and pathologic stage (HR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.02 to 3.49; p=0.043) had independent adverse impacts on survival. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the presence of a lifestyle disease was a significant prognostic factor for postoperative complications, but not of survival, in elderly patients with stage I NSCLC. Therefore, postoperative complications may be influenced by the presence of a lifestyle disease.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.93-108
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This review sought to confirm the correlation between dual-task gait and cognitive function in cognitively impaired and healthy older adults. METHOD: We used four databases (DBs), Pubmed, Cochrane library, Kmbase, and Koreamed. Searches were carried out according to the PICOS method, P (participants) were the elderly (above 65 years) with cognitive decline, I (intervention) was walking with dual tasks, C (control group) comprised the elderly without cognitive decline, O (outcome) was the correlation between gait and cognitive function and S (study) was the cross-sectional study. For the methodological quality assessment of each study, we used the Quality Assessment Tool for Observation Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies provided by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). RESULTS: A total of 10 articles were included in this systematic review. For the components of gait, we used pace, rhythm, and variability and we observed that mild cognitive impairment mostly causes low gait performance while performing dual tasks. Among the 10 articles, 9 articles studied pace, of which 7 showed significant results. However, 2 were not significant. Also, 1 article that studied rhythm and 3 articles that studied variability showed significant results. The methodological quality of the 10 studies was fair. CONCLUSION: Gait pace was found to have a high correlation between memory, which is a cognitive ability, and overall cognitive function. It was observed that older adults with mild cognitive impairment have reduced gait pace in single-task walking, and further decrease in dual-task gait pace shows the correlation between memory and gait pace during walking.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.179-198
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• 2021

본 연구는 제7기 (2016-2018년) 국민건강영양조사 자료를 활용하여 노인의 식품안정성에 따른 건강과 영양섭취 현황을 분석하고자 하였다. 식품불안정 그룹일수록 직장건강보험 가입자 비율이 유의적으로 낮았으며, 자신의 건강상태에 대한 주관적 평가 점수가 낮았다. 질환과의 상관관계에서 식품불안정 그룹일수록 남자는 류마티스성 관절염, 골다공증에서 여자는 고혈압과 뇌졸중 진단 비율이 높았으며, 관절염과 골관절염은 남녀 노인 모두에서 질환보유 비율이 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 의료이용실태에서는 식품안정성이 낮을수록 필요한 의료를 받지 못한 것으로 나타났고, 의료서비스를 이용하지 못한 이유를 분석해본 결과, 경제적인 이유라고 답한 비율이 식품안정성이 낮은 그룹에서 높았다. 또한 남녀 노인 모두 유의하게 나타나는 변수를 보정한 후, 건강관련 삶의 질 저하에 대해 식품안정성에 따라 분석한 결과, 성별에 따라 세부 항목에 차이는 나타났지만 전반적으로 식품불안정 그룹일수록 안정한 그룹에 비해 더욱 삶의 질이 저하되는 위험이 컸다. 한 번에 마시는 음주량이 7잔 이상인 비율이 식품안정성이 낮을수록 남녀 노인 모두 유의적으로 높았으며, 특히, 남자 노인에서는 식품안정성이 낮을수록 가족이나 의사로부터 금주를 권유 받거나, 조사 시점 직전 1년 동안 음주 상담을 받은 경험이 유의적으로 더 높았다. 에너지 필요추정량 (EER)보다 낮게 섭취하는 비율이 남녀 노인 모두 식품불안정 그룹에서 유의적으로 높았으며, 단백질, 비타민 A, 비타민 B₁, 비타민 B₂, 나이아신, 비타민 C, 칼슘, 철분을 낮게 섭취하는 비율 또한 이 그룹에서 유의적으로 높았다. 식품안정성에 따른 영양소의 에너지 섭취비율 및 주요 영양소의 밀도를 분석한 결과, 남녀 모두 단백질, 지방에서의 에너지섭취 비율과 비타민 B₂, 나이아신, 칼슘, 칼륨, 인의 영양밀도가 식품불안정 그룹에서 유의하게 낮게 나타났으며, 식품불안정군 남자노인은 비타민 A, 여자 노인은 철분의 영양밀도가 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 식품안정성은 사회경제적인 특성, 건강 상태, 삶의 질, 영양과 밀접하게 서로 연계되어 있는 것으로, 고령화 사회에서 취약 계층인 노인의 식품안정성 영향 요인을 확인하여 식품안정성을 확보하는 것과 함께 이들의 식품안정성과 관련한 건강 문제를 개선함으로써 추후 막대한 사회적 비용이 될 노인 의료비를 줄일 수 있는 영양지원 프로그램을 개발하기 위한 방향성을 설정하는데 있어 본 연구가 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.215-221
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• 2020

본 연구는 디지털 장비(FRA 510 S)를 활용하여 한국의 20대 정상 성인의 균형능력을 평가하고 균형지표를 만들고자 한다. 본 연구 참여자는 근골격계, 신경계 질환이 없는 20대 정상 성인 남녀 각각 50명씩 참여를 하였다. 데이터 분석은 반복측정 분산분석을 사용하였다. 본 연구 결과 남, 여 모두 평평한 바닥과 밸런스 패드(47cm×39cm×5.5cm)에서 눈을 뜨고 있을 때보다 눈을 감고 검사를 진행하였을 때 체중심의 이동이 많은 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 남, 여 성별에 따른 차이는 없었다. 추후 연구에서는 정상 노인의 균형능력을 평가하여 한국의 정상 성인의 균형지표를 만들고 균형능력이 손상된 환자 평가에 적용이 가능할 것이라고 생각된다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.250-261
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• 2006

Diabetes mellitus, as a major health problem for the elderly, is associated with an extensive list of complications involving nearly every tissue in the body and has been shown to alter the properties of bone and impair fracture healing in both human and animals. The objective of this study was to examine the healing process of a mandibular fracture in the streptozotocin-induced rats histomorphometrically and histologically. A standardized fracture model was chosen and based on blood-glucose value at the time of surgery. A total of 11-weeks old 36 rats were divided into 2 groups; One is a streptozotocin-induced diabetic group and the other is a non-diabetic group. All was fractured experimentally. Three animals from each group were killed 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks after fracture and specimens were processed undecalcified for quantitative bone histomorphometric and histologic studies. The diabetic group showed a significant decrease of histomorphometry-based parameter including trabecular bone volume, trabecular thickness in comparison to the non-diabetic rat. This was confirmed histologically. In conclusion, this study suggests that in streptozotocin-induced diabetics, the healing process of bone fracture was impaired and delayed about 2-3 weeks comparing to non-diabetics.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.90-100
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• 2013

Background: This study examined the relationships of dementia, stroke, and combined multimorbidity with long-term care utilizations among older people in South Korea. Methods: A nationally representative sample of 10,130 older adults who used long-term care services in 2010 were analyzed. We used the 5% sample of aged 65 years or older linked with National Health Insurance Corporation registry data of long-term care insurance system. The sample was categorized into three groups: dementia only (47.6%), stroke only (36.3%), and both dementia and stroke (16.1%). We estimated the use of institutional care, home care, and total expenditure of long-term care services, adjusting for the severity of each function (such as daily life, behavior or cognitive change, nursing care needs, and rehabilitation care needs) and sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Having dementia symptoms was positively associated with the use of institutional care services, on the other hand, having stroke symptoms was positively related with the use of home care. The total long-term care cost was higher in the group of having both dementia and stroke. Conclusion: Older persons with dementia symptoms and stroke symptoms have different patterns of long-term care utilization, and the multimorbidity increased the overall expenditure of long-term care utilization. These findings imply a need for differentiated management strategy targeting physically and cognitively impaired older persons, and special concerning for persons with multimorbidity conditions for long-term care insurance program in Korea.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

The elderly suffer from an impaired immune function being obvious in a higher susceptibility to infections. Although the inflammatory cells are the major immunomodulatory cells, fibroblasts also secrete a variety of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Therefore periodontal tissue aging might playa role in development and progress of periodontitis. In this study, we investigated the effect of in vitro periodontal ligament cellular aging on the inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloprotease(MMP)-2 expression induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) treatment. Three different cell populations were used; passages 4-5, 14-15, and 24-25 (at passage 27, more than 90% cells were replicative senescent). LPS increased the expression of interleukin(IL)-1${\beta}$, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$, IL-8, RANTES, and MMP-2. However, the order of induction folds were passages 14-15 > 4-5 > 24-25. While the expression level of Toll-like receptor(TLR) 4 decreased according to the increase in passage number, the level of TLR2 was highest at passages 14-15 and then decreased at passages 24-25. While the spontaneous expression of IL-8 decreased according to the increase in passage number, that of RANTES and proMMP-2 increased according to the increase in passage number. These results suggest that the aging of periodontal ligament fibroblasts differentially affect the role as immunomodulatory cells in response to periodontopathic bacteria and therefore might be another risk factor of periodontitis progression.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.209-217
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct the structure, process and outcome of community-based home care nursing service and to examine their validity. Method: There were two steps. The first step was developing the structure and process of community-based home care and the second was evaluating the outcome of community-based home care. Home care services were provided to 25 clients who had health problems. Data on these clients were analyzed. Result: According to Albrecht Model, in the developed structure and process of community-based home care, structure contained facility's philosophy, organization, delivery system, steering committee, office, equipments, medical instruments, the home care nurse and client of home care nursing. Process contained classification of client. nursing diagnosis and nursing intervention. The majority of clients were men (56%). The service was used mostly by people aged over 50 (82%). The most frequent nursing diagnoses were altered urinary elimination (23.2%). impaired skin integrity (21.8%) and risk for infection (17.6%). Nursing interventions included wound care (16.7%), tube care (15.1%) and catheter care (14.5%). Conclusion: Several strategies are suggested from this study: first, activate a referral system within the national health care system: second, increase public information on home care nursing: third, develop home care nursing services for elderly people: and fourth, construct a cooperation system between home care services and social welfare services.