• 한국기계가공학회지
• /
• 제21권8호
• /
• pp.43-52
• /
• 2022

The vibration characteristics of a hammer press are important parameters for machine design and production control. In this study, a counterblow hammer press was mathematically modelled as a mass-spring-damper system in order to analyze its vibration characteristics. The forging efficiency was theoretically derived as a function of the mass ratio, momentum ratio, and the coefficient of restitution And the effects of the mass ratio, momentum ratio and the restitution coefficient on the forging efficiency were also investigated for two particular cases of the unit mass ratio and unit momentum ratio. Additionally, the vibration responses of the counterblow hammer press due to the ram colliding impact were analyzed, and the force transmitted to the foundation through the mounting unit was determined.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 1999

진동 충격음 흡수성능을 지니는 샌드위치구조 목질 복합재료 제조용 폴리머는 넓은 온도범위(또는 주파수 범위)에서 높은 손실계수를 지니면서, 동시에 $5{\times}10^7\sim-10^9\;dyne/cm^2$의 탄성율을 지녀야 한다. 본실험에서는 이러한 점탄성 거동율 나타내는 고분자재료의 제조를 목적으로 에폭시 수지/아크릴 수지 상호침투망목고분자(IPNs)를 동시망목형성법으로 합성하였다. 고분자의 동적 점탄성은 Rheovibron을 사용하여 110Hz에서 측정하였으며, 복합체의 손실계수 및 동탄성 계수는 Rheovibron을 개조한 양단지지 강제 휨 진동법으로 주파수 110Hz에서 측정하였다. 동력학적 측정 결과, 손실탄성율의 최대값 온도 및 손실계수의 최대값 온도가 이동하고, 유리전이 영역이 확대되어, 이 IPNs계는 부분 상용계임을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 70/30 및 50/50 조성의 Epikote871/P(n-BMA) IPNs는 넓은 온도 범위에서 비교적 높은 손실계수 및 적당한 탄성율을 나타냈다. 또한 이를 적층한 목질 복합체는 넓은 온도 범위에서 비교적 높은 진동흡수 계수를 나타냈다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.167-174
• /
• 2022

이 연구의 목적은 감쇠능력이 우수한 재료로 구성된 DUS(damping-up system)의 동적특성을 평가하고 일반 행어볼트와의 성능을 비교하는데에 있다. 주요변수는 고무의 종류 및 경도(𝜂_H) 그리고 프리스트레스력(고무의 응력-변형률 관계에서 압축변형률(𝜂_R)로부터 환산된 값)이다. 동적특성은 고유진동수(𝜔_n), 최대 응답가속도(A_m), 증폭계수(𝛼_p), 최대 상대변위(𝚫_m) 및 감쇠비(𝜉_D)로부터 평가되었다. 실험결과 DUS의 A_m, 𝛼_p 및 𝚫_m 는 일반 행어볼트 보다 각각 46.3%, 46.6% 및 62.9% 낮았으며, 𝜉_D는 3.89배 높았다. 특히 DUS의 𝛼_p 는 평균 1.3으로서 KDS 41 17 00의 강성요소에서 제시하는 값과 비슷한 반면, 일반 행어볼트의 𝛼_p 는 2.45로 연성요소에서 제시하는 값과 비슷하였다. 결과적으로 DUS의 최적상세는 𝜂_H가 50인 NR(natural rubber)과 45인 EPDM(ethylene propylene diene monomer)을 권장하며, 이들의 𝜂_R는 5%로 추천한다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 2007

The future combat system is likely to be studied and developed in terms of enhancing both firepower and mobility simultaneously. Increased firepower often necessitates a heavier firing system. In return, the body of the vehicle needs to be light-weight in order to improve the mobility of the whole system. For this reason, in the areas of weapons systems such as the tank and self-propelled artillery, a number of studies attempting to develop designs that reduce recoil force against the body of the vehicle are being conducted. The current study proposes a tank construction that has a mass-spring-damper system with two degrees of freedom. A tank structure mounted with a specific soft recoil system that was implemented using a soft recoil technique and another tank structure based on a general recoil technique were compared to each other in order to analyze the recoil forces, the displacements of recoil, and the firing intervals when they were firing. MATLAB-Simulink was used as a simulating tool. In addition, the relationship between the movement of the recoil parts and the positions of the recoil latches in each of the two structures were analyzed. The recoil impact power, recoil displacement, firing interval, and so on were derived as functional formulas based on the position of the recoil latch.

• Tribology and Lubricants
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.33-41
• /
• 2018

This paper describes a new test rig for identification of rotordynamic force coefficients of squeeze film dampers (SFDs) in automotive turbochargers (TCs). Prior studies have mainly concentrated on relatively large-sized SFDs used in aircraft engines, turbocompressors, and turbopumps. The main objective of the current study is to propose a test rig for identification of dynamic force coefficients of small-sized SFDs (a journal diameter of ~11 mm). The current test rig consists of a journal, a SFD cartridge, four support rods, an upper structure, a data acquisition (DAQ) system, and an oil circulation unit. The annular gaps between the journal outer surface and SFD cartridge inner surface create SFD film lands. The damper has two parallel film lands separated by a central groove, having an axial length and depth of 3 mm. Each film land has a length of 4 mm with a $40{\mu}m$ radial clearance. The static load and dynamic impact tests identify the structural characteristics (i.e., stiffness and natural frequency) of the journal and assembled test rig. The measurements show good agreement with predictions. The SFD performance data from this test rig will be used to develop innovative TC rotor systems with improved NVH and reliability characteristics incorporating advanced SFD technology.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.193-200
• /
• 2009

본 논문에서는 소형항공기용 유-공압 방식(oleo pneumatic type) 착륙장치의 낙하특성을 연구하였다. 본 연구대상의 착륙장치의 방식은 미터링 핀이 없는 단순 유-공압 방식댐퍼 이다. 일반적으로 유-공압 방식의 착륙장치는 단순한 구조로 되어 있어 무게가 가볍고 좋은 충격흡수 효율을 가진다. 낙하해석을 위하여 상용 코드인 MSC ADAMS를 이용하여 모델링 하였다. 모델링한 후에 해석과 시험결과의 상사성을 검증하기 위하여 일련의 시험이 수행되었다. 시험과 해석결과의 보다 좋은 일치성을 얻기 위하여 해석 모델에 공동현상 효과가 고려되었다. 공동현상을 고려한 착륙장치의 동적 거동 시뮬레이션 결과들이 현저하게 개선되었으며 시험결과와 보다 잘 일치함을 확인하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 신뢰성이 검증된 해석모델을 이용하여 경사면에 대해서 해석적 방법을 통해 낙하특성을 예측하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제78권2호
• /
• pp.125-134
• /
• 2021

In this paper, the effects of Tuned Mass dampers (TMDs) on the reduction of the vertical vibrations of a real horizontally curved steel box-girder bridge due to different traffic loads are numerically investigated. The performance of TMDs to reduce the bridge vibrations can be affected by the parameters such as dynamic characteristics of TMDs, the location of TMDs, the speed and weight of vehicles. In the first part of this study, the effects of mass ratio, damping percentage, frequency ratio, and location of TMDs on the performance of TMDs to decrease vertical vibrations of different sections of bridge deck are evaluated. In the second part, the performance of TMD is investigated for different speeds and weights of traffic loads. Results show that the mass ratio of TMDs is the more effective parameter in reducing imposed vertical vibration in comparison with the damping ratio. Furthermore, it is found that TMD is very sensitive to its tuned frequency, i.e., with a little deviation from a suitable frequency, the expected performance of TMD significantly decreased. TMDs have a positive and considerable performance at certain vehicle speeds and this performance declines when the weight of traffic loads is increased. Besides, the results reveal that the highest impact of TMD on the reduction of the vertical vibrations is when free vibrations occur for the bridge deck. In that case, maximum reductions of 24% and 59% are reported in the vertical acceleration of the bridge deck for the forced and free vibration amplitudes, respectively. The maximum reduction of 13% is also obtained for the maximum displacement of the bridge deck. The results are mainly related to the resonance condition.

• 한국아프리카학회지
• /
• 제29권
• /
• pp.27-53
• /
• 2009

At the start of the new century, South Africa probably had the largest number of HIV-infected people of any country in the world. The only nation that comes close is India with a population of one billion people compared to South Africa's figure of 57 million. The tragedy is that this did not have to happen. South Africa was aware of the dangers posed by AIDS as early as 1985. In 1991, the national survey of women attending antenatal clinics found that only 0.8percent were infected. In 1994, when the new government took power, the figure was still comparatively low at 7.6 %. The 2004 figure which has been published is 26.5%. This article tracks the epidemic globally, in the region and in South Africa. I explain some of the basic concepts around the disease and look at what may happen with respect to numbers. The situation is bad, and the number of people falling ill, dying and leaving families will rise over next few years. This will impact on South Africa in a number of important ways. This article assesses the demographic, economic and social consequences of the epidemic. It disposes of a number of myths and present the real facts. The AIDS in South Africa is not related to individuals only. It warns that AIDS in Africa is becoming a community and systemic problem. The acuteness of the problem does not stem merely from the fact that communities are affected, or could even be wipe out by the end of this decade, but from the fact that AIDS will place incredible burdens and obligations upon medical services, health care and religious communities such as churches. The facts confront churches' mission with the important question: who is going to take care of all the patients and where? The reality is that people dying of AIDS will have to be cared for at home by relatives and friends. A further question that arises is whether our people are prepared for this. AIDS was considered to be a homo-plague and the hunt was on for a scapegoat in the light of the fatal implication of the disease. At present we are in the strategic phase where we all realize that it will be of no avail to scare people with the ominous threat of AIDS AIDS destroys the optimism of our achievement ethics. This exposure of the culture of optimism is also an exposure of the so-called 'human basic fear which accuses Christianity that their concept of sin is a damper on man's search for liberation and basic need to be freed from all Imitation. AIDS is also a test for our ecclesiastical genuineness and the sincerity of our mission sensibility. It poses the question: How unconditional is Christian love? Is there room for the AIDS sufferer in the community of believers, despite the fact he is an acknowledged homosexual? The question to put to the church is whether the community of believers is an exclusive to put to the koinonia which excludes homosexuals. They may be welcome on principle, but in actual fact are not acceptable to the church community. As South Africa enters the new century, it is clear that the epidemic is not having a measurable impact. However, the impact of AIDS is gradual, subtle and incremental. The author's proposal of what is currently most needed in South Africa is that the little things will make a difference. It's about doing lots of little things better at grassroots level, with the emphasis on doing. There are so many community, churches and NGOs initiatives worth building on and intensifying. One must not underestimate the therapeutic value of working together in small groups to overcome a problem

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제36권5호
• /
• pp.339-347
• /
• 2012

예인줄을 여러 개의 유한요소로 분할 한 뒤 각 요소들에 Newton의 운동 제 2법칙을 적용하고 각각에 작용하는 외력은 성분별로 장력, 항력, Coriolis 힘, 중력, 부력, 입수 충격력 등으로 구분하여 예선과 부선을 연결하는 예인줄의 동역학 모델을 정립하였다. 일반적으로 예인줄 요소의 병진 운동만을 고려하는 이전의 연구들과는 달리 본 논문에서는 예인줄 요소의 운동을 횡동요를 제외한 5자유도로 확장하고 외력 고려가 용이한 물체고정좌표계에서 기술하였다. 예인줄 요소들 간에는 연결점에서 인장만 되는 스프링과 감쇠기로 연결하고, 스프링의 강성계수는 실제 적용되는 예인줄의 강성계수와 등가가 되도록 설정하였다. 정립된 예인줄 모델의 검증을 위하여 예인줄의 공기중 및 수면 바로 위에서의 자유낙하, 예인선의 가속운동, 예인선의 조화운동 시나리오에 대하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과, 예인선, 부선, 예인줄 요소들의 운동 시계열 값들은 실제 예상치와 유사한 경향을 보이는 것을 확인하였다.