• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.1027-1032
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• 2008

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary yeast derived ${\beta}$-glucan and single-strain probiotics on the growth performance and antibody response in broiler chicks. Six hundred and thirty 1-d-old male broiler chicks were divided into seven groups, placed into three pens per group (30 birds per pen) and fed one of seven non-medicated corn-SBM based experimental diets containing 0.025, 0.05 or 0.1% Saccharomyces cerevisiae ${\beta}$-glucan and 0.05, 0.1 or 0.2% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BA-pro, $1.3{\times}10^9/g$) or devoid of them for 5 wk. The body weight gains in groups fed diets containing 0.025 or 0.1% ${\beta}$-glucan, 0.1% or 0.2% BA-pro were significantly higher (p<0.05) than the control over 1-35 d. Feed conversion rates of groups fed ${\beta}$-glucan and BA-pro tended to be improved compared to the control group. There were no significant differences in the relative weights of liver, abdominal fat and breast muscle. No significant differences were observed in the activities of serum enzymes and concentrations of various cholesterol fractions. The antibody titers against Newcastle disease or infectious bronchitis virus in the chicks fed diets containing ${\beta}$-glucan and BA-pro were significantly higher (p<0.05) than in the control. The concentrations of cecal lactic acid bacteria in all groups fed BA-pro were significantly increased (p<0.05) compared to the control. These results indicated that dietary yeast derived ${\beta}$-glucan and BA-pro exerted growth-promoting and immune-enhancing effects in broiler chickens. In addition, BA-pro added to the diets modulated the profiles of cecal microflora, reflecting a potential to be beneficial microorganisms in chickens.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.115-125
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• 2021

버섯의 섭취는 버섯의 유용 성분에 의해 면역체계 및 장내미생물균총의 변화를 유발한다. 그중 많이 알려진 β-glucan 구조 기반 물질들은 염증매개물질의 분비는 억제하고 대식세포의 활성은 유발하여 면역력의 증진을 도와인체의 면역기능을 증진시킨다. 직접적인 유용 성분 이외의 다른 물질은 장내 미생물균총에 의해 단쇄지방산으로 변화되며, 변화된 단쇄지방산은 면역 및 다양한 질병의 완화를 유발하게 된다. 버섯이 포함하고 있는 성분은 β-glucan 외에도 장내미생물균총을 변화하게 유도하는 prebiotic로써의 역할을 수행하게 된다. 변화된 장내미생물균총은 외부로부터 들어오는 다양한 감염성 균의 감염을 막으며, 면역체계의 균형 유지를 도우며, 질병을 예방하게 된다. 국내 섭취 빈도가 높은 새송이, 표고, 느타리, 팽이, 목이, 양송이 버섯의 유용 성분의 탐색, 장내미생물균총의 변화 및 섭취 시 인체의 단쇄지방산 변화 연구는 추후 버섯의 유용 성분, 장내미생물 및 질병과의 인과관계를 풀어내는데 기여할 것으로 여겨진다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.275-281
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• 2019

Polysaccharides produced in microorganisms and plants are known to increase the immune response in the body. We proposed analysis of beta-glucan contents of phellinus linteus fruit body (FB) and mycelium (MC) cultured in cudrania tricuspidata. Also, we examined whether fruit body and mycelium can increase the immune response in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression animal models. We injected cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg) twice to produce immunosuppression mice. Then, FB (200 mg/kg) and MC (200 mg/kg) were oral administered for 14 days. In order to confirm the immune-enhancing effect of FB and MC, we analyzed spleen weight, the number of immune cells, cytokines, and immunoglobulins levels. Cyclophosphamide decreased the weight of spleen, the number of immune cells. However, FB and MC have significantly increased the weight of spleen, the number of white blood cell, lymphocyte and monocyte. In addition, they have significantly increased immune-related cytokines (IL-2 and IFN-${\gamma}$) and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, IgM) levels. As a results, phellinus linteus fruit body (FB) and mycelium (MC) cultured in cudrania tricuspidata can be used as effective natural materials for immune-enhancing.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.247-255
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• 2006

Yeast cell wall matrix particles are composed entirely of mannoprotein and ${\beta}-glucan$. The mannoproteins of yeast cell wall can systemically enhance the immune system. We previously purified and analyzed alkali-soluble ${\beta}-glucans$ [${\beta}$-(1,3)- and ${\beta}$-(1,6)-glucans] [10]. In the present study, a wild-type strain was first mutagenized with ultraviolet light, and the cell wall mutants were then selected by treatment with 1.0 mg/ml laminarinase (endo-${\beta}$-(1,3)-D-glucanase). Mannoproteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were released by laminarinase, purified by concanavalin-A affinity and ion-exchange chromatography. The results indicated that the mutants yielded 3-fold more mannoprotein than the wild-type. The mannoprotein mass of mutant K48L3 was 2.25 mg/100 mg of yeast cell dry mass. Carbohydrate analysis revealed that they contained mannose, glucose, and N-acetylglucosamine. Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall components, mannoproteins, are known to interact with macrophages through receptors, thereby inducing release of tumor necrosis factor alpha ($TNF-{\alpha}$) and nitric oxide. Mannoprotein tractions in the present study had a higher macrophage activity of secretion of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and nitric oxide and direct phagocytosis than positive control ($1{\mu}g$ of lipopolysaccharide). In particular, F1 and F3 fractions in mannoproteins of K48L3 enhanced and upregulated the activity of nitric oxide secretion and macrophage phagocytosis by approximately two- and four-fold, respectively.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2008

가축 질병의 제어를 위해 면역증강제인 베타글루칸 생성균으로 분리한 Paenibacillus polymyxa JB115의 배양액이 가축병원성 세균에 대한 항균성을 보임에 따라, 배양액의 동결건조 분말을 대상으로 항균물질의 특성을 조사하여 다기능 가축 사료첨가제로의 개발 가능성을 타진하였다. 그 결과, P. polymyxa JB115에서 생산된 항균물질은 E. coli, S. aureus, S. choleraesuis 및 P. aeruginosa 등 가축 병원성 세균들에 대해 살균 또는 정균 활성을 보였으며, 항균범위도 광범위하게 나타났다. 또한 이 물질은 높은 내열성과 pH 안정성을 지녀 배양액의 제형화에도 적합하였으며, 인공 담즙산 및 인공 위액에서도 안정하여 사료첨가제로 투여시 가축의 장내 병원세균에 대해서 항균 활성을 충분히 나타낼 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 상기의 결과로부터 P. polymyxa JB115의 배양액은 베타글루칸 이외에도 가축 병원성 세균에 대한 항균물질을 지니고 있어서, 다기능 사료첨가제로 개발 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.77-81
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• 2014

Mushrooms are considered not only as food but also for source of physiologically beneficial medicines. The culinary-medicinal mushrooms may important role in the prevention of age-associated neurological dysfunctions, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Hericium erinaceus (H. erinaceus), is edible mushrooms, is a parasitic fungus that grows hanging off of logs and trees and well established candidate for brain and nerve health. H. erinaceus contains high amounts of antioxidants, beta-glucan, polysaccharides and a potent catalyst for brain tissue regeneration and helps to improve memory and cognitive functions. Its fruiting bodies and the fungal mycelia exhibit various pharmacological activities, including the enhancement of the immune system, antitumor, hypoglycemic and anti-aging properties. H. erinaceus stimulates the synthesis of Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) which is the primary protein nutrient responsible for enhancing and repairing neurological disorders. Especially hericenones and erinacines isolated from its fruitin body stimulate NGF, synthesis. This fungus is also utilized to regulate blood levels of glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol. H. erinaceus can be considered as useful therapeutic agents in the management and/or treatment of neurodegeneration diseases. However, this review focuses on in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials for neurodegerative disease.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.447-454
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• 2022

본 연구는 Balb/c 마우스의 면역 강화에 대한 HK 표고버섯 균사체 (HKSMM)의 효과를 확인했다. 실험동물은 음성 대조군(NC), 양성 대조군(PC; 1,000 mg/100 g; AHCC), T1 (500 mg/100 g; HKSMM), T2 (1,000 mg/100 g; HKSMM) 및 T3 (2,000 mg/100 g; HKSMM)로 구성하였고, 시료의 채취는 4주 및 6주에 수행하였다. COX-2 및 iNOS는 대조군보다 6주차 실험군에서 유의하게 낮았고, NO 결과도 유사한 결과였다. NF-κB 및 MAPKs 신호전달 경로와 관련된 인자를 확인한 결과, HKSMM을 섭취한 실험군은 대조군에 비해 유의하게 감소하였다. 비장 조직 내 백색수질의 수와 크기를 비교 분석한 결과, 대조군에 비해 실험군의 백색수질의 수와 크기가 농도 의존적으로 유의하게 증가하였다. 이러한 결과는 HKSMM이 Balb/c 마우스에서 면역강화 효과를 유도함과 동시에 항염증 효과가 있음을 시사한다. 따라서 HK 표고버섯 균사체는 면역강화 및 항염증 효과가 있어 건강기능식품 원료로 사용될 수 있다.