• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.106-112
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• 2012

Background : Complicated diabetic patients show impaired, delayed wound healing caused by multiple factors. A study on wound healing showed that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was effective in normal tissue regeneration. Nonetheless, there is no evidence that when platelet-rich plasma is applied to diabetic wounds, it normalizes the diabetic wound healing process. In this study, we have analyzed matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9 expression to investigate the effect of PRP on diabetic wounds. Methods : Twenty-four-week-old male Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats were provided by the Tokushima Research Institute. At 50 weeks, wounds were arranged in two sites on the lateral paraspinal areas. Each wound was treated with PRP gel and physiologic saline gauze. To determine the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, which was chosen as a marker of wound healing, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed and local distribution and expression of MMP-2, MMP-9 was also observed throughout the immunohistochemical staining. Results : RT-PCR and the immunohistochemical study showed that the levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 mRNA expression in PRP applied tissues were higher than MMP-2, MMP-9 mRNA expression in saline-applied tissues. MMP-9 mRNA expression in wounds of diabetic rats decreased after healing began to occur. But no statistical differences were detected on the basis of body weight or fasting blood glucose levels. Conclusions : This study could indicate the extracellular matrix-regulating effect observed with PRP. Our results of the acceleration of wound healing events by PRP under hyperglycemic conditions might be a useful clue for future clinical treatment for diabetic wounds.

• 생약학회지
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• 제35권1호통권136호
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• pp.98-103
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• 2004

To investigate the antioxidant activitys of Biofuntional Foods Prescriptions (BFP), we were measured radical scavenging activity with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) method and anti-lipid peroxidative efficacy on human LDL with thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. The DPPH and TBARS assay were revealed that Two BFP had significantly activity when compared to that of contrast drug. The antidiabetic effect of Dicollow-B (Rx B) were investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Spraque-Dawley (SD) rats. When each 100,200 kg/mg fraction of Rx B was administrated. the blood glucose showed 155.7 mg/dl, 124.7 mg/dl and inhibitive activity of the serum total cholesterol showed 67.8 mg/dl, 61.5 mg/dl and the serum triglyce of hyperglycemic rats revealed 66.3 mg/dl, 62.3mg/dl. Those were decreased do dependently when compared with control group. The effect of Rx B on The body weight was not dose-dependently decreased dosedependently when by the administration of 100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg fractions. But it was dose-dependantly decreased from $22.2{\times}4.9$ g to $18.9{\times}4.4$ g by the administration of 400 mg/kg fraction.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.668-675
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 눈개승마(Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus)의 in vitro 산화방지활성 및 고당(intensive glucose)과 과산화수소($H_2O_2$)로 야기된 산화적 스트레스로부터의 뇌신경세포 손상에 대한 보호효과와 더불어 알파글루코사이드가수분해효소 및 아세틸콜린에스터가수분해효소 억제효과를 확인하였으며 또한 HPLC를 이용하여 주요 물질을 분석하였다. 눈개승마 아세트산에틸 분획물(ethylacetate fraction from Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus: EFAD)은 매우 우수한 총 페놀화합물 함량(430.08 mg GAE/g)과 총 플라보노이드 함량(511.72 mg RE/g)을 나타냈으며, 높은 ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성과 과산화지방질생성물의 억제력을 확인하였다. 또한 고당(intensive glucose)과 과산화수소($H_2O_2$)로 야기된 뇌신경세포에서의 산화적 스트레스 및 이로 인한 뇌신경세포 사멸을 측정한 결과, 눈개승마 아세트산에틸 분획물(EFAD)의 유의적인 뇌신경세포 보호효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 추가적으로 다당류 분해 효소인 알파글루코사이드가수분해효소 억제효과 및 아세틸콜린 분해 효소인 아세틸콜린에스터가수분해효소 억제효과를 살펴봄으로써 혈당 상승 억제효과와 뇌신경전달물질의 세포 내 유지 효과를 확인하였다. 마지막으로 눈개승마 아세트산에틸 분획물(EFAD)의 주요 페놀성 물질을 확인하기 위해 HPLC분석을 한 결과 카페산으로 추정되었다. 본 연구 결과들을 고려할 때, 눈개승마는 고혈당 지연 또는 개선을 통한 고혈당 예방 소재로서의 가능성뿐만 아니라 이로 인해 야기되는 산화적 스트레스로부터 뇌신경 세포를 보호함으로써 고혈당에 의한 대사성 뇌신경질환 예방 소재로도 활용 가능성이 있을 것이라 판단된다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제32권4호통권127호
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• pp.327-329
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• 2001

Cordyceps militaris (CM) has been used as a tonics in the traditional medicine. To investigate the anti-diabetic principle of CM, activity guided fractionation was conducted. Hot water extract of CM was fractionated into 3 parts: above 100,000(A), $100,000{\sim}20,000(B)$, below 20,000(C) in molecular weight using in membrane filter system. All fractions showed mild hypoglycemic activity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats by oral administration (300 mg/kg). The fraction C which was most active among them was fractionated again into two parts, C-1 and C-2 by Sephadex LH 20 column chromatography. The fraction C-1 showed hypoglycemic activity but C-2 did not show activity compared with control in STZ mice. In glucose-fed hyperglycemic mice, fraction C, C-1 and C-2 also showed significant glucose lowering activity. Their decreasing rates of plasma glucose level after 1 hours administrations of fraction C, C-1 and C-2 were 24.5%, 29.3% and 22.0%, respectively (Tolbutamide: 48.4%). These results suggested that CM has both insulin like and insulin release promoting activity and could be developed as an antidiabetic agent.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2014

Obesity is an epidemic disease characterized by an increased inflammatory state and chronic oxidative stress with high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid peroxidation. Moreover, obesity alters cholesterol metabolism with increases in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterols and triglycerides and decreases in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterols. It has been shown that mulberry leaf and fruit ameliorated hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic conditions in obese and diabetic subjects. We hypothesized that supplementation with mulberry leaf combined with mulberry fruit (MLFE) ameliorate cholesterol transfer proteins accompanied by reduction of oxidative stress in the high fat diet induced obesity. Mice were fed control diet (CON) or high fat diet (HF) for 9 weeks. After obesity was induced, the mice were administered either the HF or the HF with combination of equal amount of mulberry leaf and fruit extract (MLFE) at 500mg/kg/day by gavage for 12 weeks. MLFE treatment ameliorated HF induced oxidative stress demonstrated by 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and modulated the expression of 2 key proteins involved in cholesterol transfer such as scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1) and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) in the HF treated animals. This effect was mainly noted in liver tissue rather than in cutaneous tissue. Collectively, this study demonstrated that MLFE treatment has beneficial effects on the modulation of high fat diet-induced oxidative stress and on the regulation of cholesterol transporters. These results suggest that MLFE might be a beneficial substance for conventional therapies to treat obesity and its complications.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2009

Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen and an ability of a biological system, to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or easily repair the resulting damage. It has been suggested that developmental alloxan-induced liver damage is mediated through increases in oxidative stress. The anti-diabetic effect and antioxidant activity of Phaleria macrocarpa (PM) fractions were investigated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. After two weeks administration of PM, the liver antioxidant enzyme and hyperglycemic state were evaluated. The results showed that oral administration of PM treatments reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic rats by oral administration (P < 0.05). Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (sGOT) and serum glutamic-pyruvate-transaminase (sGPT) were also diminished by PM supplementation. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) activities, and glutathione (GSH) level in the alloxan-induced diabetic rats were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared to those in the normal rats but were restored by PM treatments. PM fractions also repressed the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver. Glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and $\gamma$-glutamylcysteine synthase (GCS) were also reduced in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. PM fractions could restore the GR and GST activities, but the GCS activity was not affected in rat livers. From the results of the present study, the diabetic effect of the butanol fraction of PM against alloxan-induced diabetic rats was concluded to be mediated either by preventing the decline of hepatic antioxidant status or due to its indirect radical scavenging capacity.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.246-252
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• 2012

After a mixed carbohydrate diet, inhibition of ${\alpha}$-amylase and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase involved in the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates can significantly decrease the postprandial increase of blood glucose level. In the course of screening these useful enzyme inhibitors, we selected five kinds of bean, using an in-vitro enzyme inhibition assay method. To evaluate the effect of germination process on the functionality of the bean, we investigated the inhibitory activities of the water extracts of non-germinated bean and germinated bean against ${\alpha}$-amylase and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase, relevant to postprandial hyperglycemia. We also investigated the oxygen radical absorbance capacity(ORAC), total phenolics content, and postprandial blood glucose lowering effect in rats(Sprague-Dawley rat model). Most germinated beans showed significantly higher ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity, compared with non-germinated beans. Among germinated beans, Glycine max had the highest ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibitory activity(53.3%). The water extract of germinated Phaseolus vulgaris L. had the highest ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory activity(95.1%), followed by Glycine max(58.7%), and Glycine max L. Merr(54.1%). Furthermore, the five germinated beans also showed high antioxidant activities in ORAC assay. Results suggested that the germination process may improve and enhance the anti-hyperglycemia potential and antioxidant activity of the bean.

• Mycobiology
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.184-194
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• 2015

A compressive description of tropical milky white mushroom (Calocybe indica P&C var. APK2) is provided in this review. This mushroom variety was first identified in the eastern Indian state of West Bengal and can be cultivated on a wide variety of substrates, at a high temperature range ($30{\sim}38^{\circ}C$). However, no commercial cultivation was made until 1998. Krishnamoorthy 1997 rediscovered the fungus from Tamil Nadu, India and standardized the commercial production techniques for the first time in the world. This edible mushroom has a long shelf life (5~7 days) compared to other commercially available counterparts. A comprehensive and critical review on physiological and nutritional requirements viz., pH, temperature, carbon to nitrogen ratio, best carbon source, best nitrogen source, growth period, growth promoters for mycelia biomass production; substrate preparation; spawn inoculation; different supplementation and casing requirements to increase the yield of mushrooms has been outlined. Innovative and inexpensive methods developed to commercially cultivate milky white mushrooms on different lignocellulosic biomass is also described in this review. The composition profiles of milky white mushroom, its mineral contents and non-enzymatic antioxidants are provided in comparison with button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) and oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Antioxidant assay results using methanol extract of milky white mushroom has been provided along with the information about the compounds that are responsible for flavor profile both in fresh and dry mushrooms. Milky white mushroom extracts are known to have anti-hyperglycemic effect and anti-lipid peroxidation effect. The advantage of growing at elevated temperature creates newer avenues to explore milky white mushroom cultivation economically around the world, especially, in humid tropical and sub-tropical zones. Because of its incomparable productivity and shelf life to any other cultivated mushrooms in the world, milky white mushroom could play an important role in satisfying the growing market demands for edible mushrooms in the near future.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2013

The acute and subacute hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic effects of drinkable ripe onion juice (Commercial product name is "Black Onion Extract") were investigated in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. For tests of acute and subacute hypoglycemic effects, ripe onion juice (5 and 15 mL/kg b.w.) was administered by oral gavage to normal Sprague Dawley rats and measurements of fasting glucose levels and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed. Tolbutamide was used as a reference drug at a single oral dose of 250 mg/kg b.w. To test anti-hyperglycemic activity, the ripe onion juice was administered to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by oral gavage at single dose of 15 mL/kg b.w. per day for 7 consecutive days. Oral administration of the ripe onion juice at either dosed level of 5 or 15 mL/kg b.w. showed no remarkable acute hypoglycemic effect in normal rats. The two dosed levels caused a relatively small reduction, only 18% and 12% (5 and 15 mL/kg b.w., respectively) decrease in glucose levels at 2 h after glucose loading in normal rats. However, at 3 h after glucose loading, blood glucose levels in the ripe onion juice-dosed rats were decreased to the corresponding blood glucose level in tolbutamide-dosed rats. Although showing weak hypoglycemic potential compared to that of tolbutamide, oral administration of ripe onion juice (15 mL/kg b.w.) for a short period (8 days) resulted in a slight reduction in the blood glucose levels that had elevated in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. In conclusion, these results suggest that the commercial product "Black Onion Extract" may possess antihyperglycemic potential in diabetes.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 1999

고혈당과 고지질혈증이 운동 중 골격근의 당원절약효과가 있는지 또는 골격근섬유의 특생에 따른 차이가 있는지를 규명하기 위해서 흰쥐(Sprague Dawley)를 대상으로 실험한 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 먼저 고혈당에 의한 결과는 하지근 중 족척근의 운동부하 45분군의 당원농도가 고혈당군에서 대조군의 그것보다 약 13% 높아서 고혈당에 의한 족척근의 당원절약효과를 관찰할 수 있었으며 또한 백색 비복근의 운동부하 45분군에서 절약효과를 관찰할 수 있었다. 그러나 서근인 가자미근과 서근의 특성이 강한 적색 비복근에서는 모든 실험군에서 5-13%의 절약경향이 있었다. 이때 고혈당군의 혈당농도는 운동부하 전, 운동부하 30 및 45분후에 각각 $145.7{\pm}7.4$, $164{\pm}6.2$ 및 $156{\pm}6.8mg/dL$로서 대조각군의 혈당농도보다 유익하게 높았다. 고지질혈증은 복강내 heparin투여와 10% 인트라리포즈를 경구 투여하여 유도하였으며 대조군, 대조운동부하군 및 고지질혈증군에서 유리지방산 농도(uEq/L)가 $247{\pm}41.1$, $260{\pm}58.6$ 및 $444{\pm}23.1$로서 고지질혈증군이 다른 양 군보다 유의하게 높았다. 고지질혈증에 의한 근당원절약효과가 있는지 여부를 관찰한 결과 가자미근, 적색 비복근 및 족척근 등에서 통계적으로 유의한 절약효과를 관찰할 수 없었으나 백색 비복근에서 절약의 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 흰쥐에서 비교적 단시간의 운동부하 중 평균 155mg/dL의 고혈당을 유지하였을 때 족척근과 백색 비복근에서 근 당원이 절약되었으며 고지질혈증에 의해서는 근당원의 절약효과가 없었다. 또한 속근섬유의 근육에서 고혈당에 의한 당원절약효과가 서근보다 뚜렷하였다.