• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.90-98
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• 2007

The antioxidant activities of water ($H_2O$) and ethanol (EtOH) extracts from hamcho (Salicornia herbacea L.) juice and cake prepared by enzymatic treatments were evaluated by in vitro assays against DPPH, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals. Among the $H_2O$ and EtOH extracts from five different carbohydrases treated, the EtOH extract from viscozyme-treated hamcho cake had higher yield and phenolic content, and exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity against DPPH ($IC_{50}=186.91\;{\mu}g/mL$), superoxide ($IC_{50}=87.54\;{\mu}g/mL$), and hydroxyl radicals ($IC_{50}=367.07\;{\mu}g/mL$). Antioxidant assay-guided fractionation and purification of the EtOH extract led to isolation and identification of five phenolic compounds, procatechuic, ferulic and caffeic acids, quercetin, and isorhamnetin. Most of these phenolic compounds exhibited considerable DPPH, superoxide, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, and in particular, caffeic and ferulic acids had stronger superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities than the well-known antioxidant radical scavenger, (+)-catechin (p<0.05). Quercetin and isorhamnetin were the primary compounds responsible for the strong antioxidant activity in the EtOH extract of the viscozyme-treated hamcho cake. Meanwhile, these five phenolic compounds were detected in the EtOH extract of the viscozyme-treated hamcho cake at the following levels (dry base of hamcho); procatechuic acid (1.54 mg%), caffeic acid (6.87 mg%), ferulic acid (8.45 mg%), quercetin (12.63 mg%), and isorhamnetin (6.65 mg%). However, three of these phenolic compounds (procatechuic, caffeic acid, and ferulic acids) were detectable in the $H_2O$ extract of viscozyme-treated hamcho juice. These results suggest that the EtOH extract of viscozyme-treated hamcho cake may be a potential source of natural antioxidants.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.265-273
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• 2017

Objective: Orthosiphon pallidus (O. pallidus), which belongs to the Lamiaceae family, is a popular garden plant that is widely used for the treatment of various diseases, such as urinary lithiasis, fever, hepatitis, cancer and jaundice. The objective of the present work was to investigate the antioxidant free-radical scavenging and the anticancer activities of O. pallidus against human breast-cancer cell lines. Methods: The antioxidant activity of Orthosiphon pallidus aqueous extract (OPAE) was investigated using different models, such as the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the 2, 2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) models, as were the $Fe^+$ chelation, the hydroxyl radical and superoxide radical scavenging, and total reducing power activities. The anticancer activities of the extract were determined by using the 3-(4, 5- dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and the sulforhodamine (SRB) assays on the MCF-7 and the MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines. Results: The aqueous Orthosiphon pallidus extract showed potent activity in in-vitro models. It significantly inhibited the scavenging of hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, but induced a remarkable $Fe^+$ chelation activity. For both cell lines, the percent cytotoxicity was found to increase steadily with increasing OPAE concentration up to $240{\mu}g/mL$. Conclusion: These results suggest that Orthosiphon pallidus has excellent antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities against human breast-cancer cell lines.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.186-193
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• 2016

This study focused on the evaluation of the antioxidative effects of lotus seeds from golden colored flowers. The lotus seeds were extracted with ethanol and then fractionated into 4 fractions, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol, methylene chloride, and n-hexane. The comparison of antioxidative activities of the extract and fractions from the lotus seeds was carried out using an in vitro radical scavenging model and the total phenol content was analyzed. Of the tested extracts and fractions, the EtOAc fraction of the lotus seeds showed the strongest 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity with 96.24% at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$. In addition, the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of the lotus seed EtOAc fraction was also increased in a concentration dependent manner with the concentrations tested ranging from 5 to $100{\mu}g/mL$. Moreover, the EtOAc fraction showed the highest scavenging activity for nitric oxide and superoxide anion radicals. In particular, of all the extracts and fractions, the EtOAc fraction showed highest contents of total phenols. These results indicate that lotus seeds have potential as an antioxidative agent against oxidative stress involving reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, the EtOAc fraction of lotus seeds includes promising oxidative stress-protective compounds.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.95-99
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• 2011

Objective : In this study, we demonstrate the protective effect on oxidative DNA damage of leaf extracts from Abeliophylli distichi Folium via its antioxidant activity for the establishment of new value for the herbal medicine. Methods : Abeliophylli distichi Folium leaves were extracted with hot-water and ethylacetate (EtOAC). The 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and hydroxyl scavenging assay and $Fe^{2+}$ chelating assay were performed for antioxidative effect and ${\varphi}$X-174 RF I DNA cleavage assay and intracellular DNA damage assay were used for inhibitory effect of intracellular DNA damage. Results : In DPPH, Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and $Fe^{2+}$ chelating activity of EtOAC extracts were 94.72%, 62.88%, 41.13%, and hot-water extracts were 88.86%, 56.7%, 37.4% at 200 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$, respectively. Also, those extracts showed protective effect of DNA damage against the oxidative stress. Conclusion : These results indicated that the leaf extracts of Abeliophylli distichi Folium can be used as a natural antioxidants, which effectively inhibits the oxidative DNA damage.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2019

Objectives : This study reviewed the antioxidant activity of each part of Portulacae Herba (PH) in order to better analyze the possibility of PH being used as a natural material. Methods : The root, stem, and leaves of the PH were separated, dried at $50^{\circ}C$, put in a 70% ethanol and then extracted three times every six hours. Antioxidant activities was performed by measuring the total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents, DPPH, ABTS, nitrite, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and $Fe^{2+}$ chelating. Results : The total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents was highest in the root, then the leaves, and lastly the stem. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities for the root extract indicated the highest activity followed by the leaf and stem extracts. It also showed similar activity to that of the ascorbic acid. Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and $Fe^{2+}$ chelating activity resulted to be highest in the root extract and then the leaf and stem extracts. Nitrite scavenging activity decreased with higher pH levels, and activity was highest in the order of root extract, leaf extract, and stem extract. Also, in reaction to a solution with a pH 1.2 level, the root extract showed similar scavenging activity to that of BHT. Conclusions : Therefore, based on the above results, it was verified that the roots of PH have a high antioxidant level, and they can be considered to have potential to be applied to functional food, cosmetics, and medicine with antioxidant efficacy.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2009

Objectives : The objective of this study was to compare the antioxidant effects among cultivated wild ginseng and ginseng extracts. Methods : In vitro antioxidant activities were examined by superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of ginseng and cultivated wild ginseng extracts. Results : 1. In the superoxide radical scavenging activities of ginseng and cultivated wild ginseng extracts, antioxidant activities of cultivated wild ginseng extracts was showed higher than cultivated ginseng in the concentration of 0.25 and $0.50mg/m{\ell}$. 2. In the hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of ginseng and cultivated wild ginseng extracts, antioxidant activities of cultivated wild ginseng extracts was showed higher than cultivated ginseng in the concentration of 1.0, 2.5, and $5.0mg/m{\ell}$. Conclusions : In summary, the results of this study demonstrate that cultivated wild ginseng extracts had higher antioxidant activities to cultivated ginseng.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권9호
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• pp.1022-1026
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• 2016

피막이(Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.)는 산형과(Araliaceae)의 여러해살이 초본이다. 생약명은 천호유, 예초, 계장초, 변지금으로 한방에서 사용하고 있다. 이 식물의 잎과 줄기로부터 열수 추출물을 이용하여 항산화, 환원력, 리폭시게나아제(lipoxygenase) 저해활성을 조사하였다. 하이드록시 라디칼(-OH)은 거대분자, 탄수화물, 핵산, 지질, 단백질에 유해한 작용을 나타내는데 피막이의 잎 추출물은 8.0 mg/ml 농도일 때 78.6%의 저해활성을 나타내었다. 1, 1- diphenyl 2-picrylhyorazyl (DPPH)은 인체 내 항산화에 잘 알려진 라디칼로 피막이풀의 하이드록시 라디칼 활성 저해는 8.0 mg/ml농도일 때 86.0%였다. 다중불포화지방산 대사 효소에 관여하는 Lipoxygenases (LOXs)의 활성 저해는 8.0 mg/ml농도일 때 55.5%였다. 50%저해를 나타내는 농도(IC₅₀)를 산출할 때 OH 활성, DPPH 활성, LOX 저해에 대해 각각 5.23 mg/ml, 6.44 mg/ml, 3.71 mg/ml이였다. 피막이 잎과 줄기 추출물은 강한 환원력을 나타내었다. 이런 피막이의 항산화 및 환원력 활성, LOX의 높은 저해율, 강환 환원력은 약리학적 소재로 좋은 후보가 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.511-514
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• 2012

In this study, the comparison of antioxidative effect of the methanol (MeOH) extracts from grains were investigated in vitro radical scavenging system. Ten grains (black rice, rice, barley, wheat, millet, sorghum, glutinous millet, buckwheat, phellines linteus rice and brown rice) were extracted with MeOH. Among the MeOH extracts of grains, sorghum and black rice showed effective scavenging activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. The $IC_{50}$ values of sorghum and black rice were $47.4{\mu}g/mL$ and $50.6{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. In addition, black rice also exerted the strongest activities on hydroxyl radical (${\cdot}OH$) scavenging activity. Furthermore, the MeOH extracts of black rice showed effective and dose dependant scavenging activities of DPPH radical and ${\cdot}OH$. These results indicated that black rice showed strong free radical scavenging activity. It suggested that black rice could be a promising natural antioxidant against free radical-induced oxidative damage.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.609-614
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• 2013

본 연구는 도꼬마리의 뿌리와 열매 부위별 항산화 활성의 검증을 통해 유효 생리활성 성분이 많은 부위를 탐색하고자 뿌리와 열매를 메탄올로 추출하여 항산화 활성물질, 라디칼 소거능, in vitro에서 항암 활성을 측정하였다. 항산화 물질인 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 함량은 뿌리보다는 열매 부위에 6배 가량 높은 함량이 나타났다. ABTS, DPPH, Hydroxyl radical 소거능을 측정한 결과, 뿌리에서 $IC_{50}$% 6.02, 1.29, 3.88mg/ml이며, 열매에서는 0.81, 0.16, 0.44mg/ml로 열매에서 소거능이 높게 나타났다. 항암 활성을 알아보기 위하여 유방암세포(MCF-7), 위암세포(AGS), 폐암세포(A-549), 인체대장암세포(HCT-116), 간암세(Hep-G2) 및 전립선암(PC-3)에 처리하여 암세포 성장 억제 정도를 확인한 결과, 도꼬마리 열매와 뿌리 부위에 0.5mg/ml 농도에서 각각 26%, 36% 전립선 암세포 성장 억제 정도를 확인할 수 있었다.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.330-334
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• 2006

Chemical composition of the Eucommia ulmoides bark, including extractives, proximate, mineral, fatty acid and monosaccharide compositions, was studied The most abundant mineral was calcium (533.17 mg/l00 g). $\alpha-linolenic$ acid (24.7%) and linoleic acid (24.3%), showed higher contents among the fatty acids. Major monosaccharides of E. ulmoides balk were arabinose (13.94 mg/g), xylose (18.91 mg/g) and glucose (119.7 mg/g). From the bark of E ulmoides, four compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated as caffeic acid (I), kaempferol (II), quercetin (III) and isoquercitrin (IV) by spectroscopic analysis such as NMR and MS, including cellulose TLC and other chemical evidence such as hydrolyzation and acetylation. The antioxidant activities of four isolated compounds were evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging, hydroxyl scavenging and reducing power assays. The results indicated that all the isolated compounds showed higher DPPH radical scavenging activity than $\alpha-tocopherol$ and BHT that were used as positive controls and these four compounds exhibited considerable reducing power and hydroxyl radical (OH) scavenging activity. Considering from the results above, it suggests that the E. ulmoides bark is a potential natural source of antioxidant material.