• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제53권6호
• /
• pp.437-450
• /
• 2020

본 연구에서는 우리나라의 기후 특성의 영향으로 종종 발생하는 무유출량의 간헐하천 유역(Ephemeral catchment)에 확률기반 격자형 수문 모형을 구축하였다. 격자형 모형의 구축을 위하여 Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting Model (SAC-SMA) 유출 모형을 사용하였으며 라우팅 모형의 결합으로 격자형 강우-유출 모형을 구축하였다. 확률 모형의 표현을 위하여 에러 모형을 결합시켰으며 간헐하천 유역에 적합하게 표현하기 위해서 검열된 오류 모형(censoring error model)을 사용하였다. 기존에 많이 사용되는 정규화된 오류 모형과의 비교를 통하여 본 연구에서 구축한 모형의 적합성을 평가하였다. 먼저 과거 주된 연구와 유역에 대한 검토를 통하여 그 필요성을 논하였으며 우리나라에서 수문 모형에 많이 사용되는 용담댐을 선정하여 수문 모형을 구축하였다. 결과적으로 본 연구에서 구축한 두개의 모형이 둘 다 신뢰할 만한 결과를 보여주지만 검열된 오류 모형의 사용이 더욱 적합한 결과를 보여주는 것을 확인하였다. 이 과정에서 기존의 방법론은 확률 기반의 유출량의 표현에 있어서 0 이하의 음수값을 상당히 표현하였으며 이는 현실이지 못한 수문 모델링의 표현을 의미한다. 본 연구에서는 또한 두 모형의 심층적인 비교를 위하여 심화된 간헐하천 유역을 구축하고 수문 모델링을 하였다. 결과적으로 무유출의 빈도 증가에 따라 무유출량을 고려하는 검열된 오류 모형의 효율이 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 얻은 결과는 우리나라의 수문 모델링에 있어서 간헐하천 유역에 대한 고려가 필요하다는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
• /
• 제40권6호
• /
• pp.431-446
• /
• 2007

지하수 유동 모델에 반영되는 유역의 수리지질학적, 수문학적 특징들은 지하수 유동 특성에 주요한 영향을 미칠 수 있는 현장 특성들이다. 상기 특징들을 최대한 반영하기 위하여 438개의 관정자료를 토대로 갑천 유역(유역 면적$648.3km^2$)의 대수층 구조 특성을 분석하고, 24개의 하천 자료를 이용하여 지하수 유동 모델을 구축하였다. 그리고 검 보정된 준분포형 유출모형(SWAT)의 소유역별 지하수 함양량 결과를 3차원 지하수 유동 모델(MODFLOW)과 연계하여 갑천 유역의 광역 지하수 유동 특성을 평가하였다. 모의된 지하수위와 86개 지하수 관측정의 지하수위 비교에서 결정계수는 0.99, 유역 전체의 물교환량의 상대오차율이 약 0.57%로 갑천 유역의 지하수 유동 특성을 잘 반영하였다. 갑천 유역의 지하수는 지형 및 대수층 특성과 하천의 영향에 의하여 전반적으로 유역 남쪽에서 북쪽으로 유동하는데 산지 지역에 존재하는 하천들은 손실과 이득 하천의 형태를 반복하는 반면, 갑천 중 하류 부분과 갑천-유등천 합류 부근은 이득하천의 형태를 보이고 있다. 그리고 소유역별 지하수 물교환량 분석한 결과, 상기 지역을 포함하는 소유역의 하천 공급원이 해당 유역의 지하수 함양량보다 지하수 유동 체계에 따라 인근 소유역에서 공급되는 지하수 유입량 비율이 훨씬 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 반면 유등천 중 상류 지역의 소유역을 제외한 산지 지역의 경우는 하천 공급원이 지하수 유동 체계에 의한 유입량보다 해당 유역 내에서 공급되는 지하수 함양량 비율이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 지표수와 지하수의 상호작용 및 하천 유출에 지하수 유동 특성이 주요한 영향을 미치는 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제9권6호
• /
• pp.152-161
• /
• 2006

This study is the primary study for analyzing the classifying characteristics of river wetlands in Korea and China. It is the first step for constructing the wetlands inventories and establishing the wetland conservation strategies in North-Eastern Asia. The case study sites are Han-river which is the representative river of Korea and Tu-men river which is flowing on the borderline of 3 nations, China, North Korea and Russia. The results are as follows : 1. The types of wetlands of Han-river in Korea and Tumen-river in China were classified by the methods of Koo(2002) which is focused on the topography and hydrology and Zhu(2002) which is emphasized the vegetation and habitats. 2. There are three features which are hydrology, topography and soil cover, and vegetation to classify the wetlands into each types. 3. According to the two wetland types by Koo and Zhu, classification system, wetlands in the case study area(Han river and Duman river) were classified by types. 4. In Koo's classifying system(2002), lots of Riverine, Lacustrins and Flat wetlands are found because the topographical and hydrological features are emphasized. On the contrary in Zhu's system(2002), there are lots of Palustrine wetlands because of emphasizing the vegetation. 5. By the topographic and geological characteristics of each sites, there are more wetland types in the lower Tumen river.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제52권3호
• /
• pp.97-104
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study is to evaluate sediment yield reduction under various field slope conditions with rice straw mat. The Vegetative Filter Strip Model-W (VFSMOD-W) and Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) were used for simulation of sediment yield reduction effect of rice straw mat. The Universe Soil Loss Equation Practice factor (USLE P factor), being able to reflect simulation of rice straw mat in the agricultural field, were estimated for each slope with VFSMOD-W and measured soil erosion values under 5, 10, and 20 % slopes. Then with the regression equation for slopes, USLE P factor was derived and used as input data for each Hydrological Response Unit (HRU) in the SWAT model. The SWAT Spatially Distributed-HRU (SD-HRU) pre-processor module was utilized, moreover, in order to consider spatial location and topographic features (measured topographic features by field survey) of all HRU within each subwatershed in the study watershed. Result of monthly sediment yield without rice straw mat (Jan. 2000 - Aug. 2007) was 814.72 ton/month, and with rice straw mat (Jan. 2000 - Aug. 2007) was 526.75 ton/month, which was reduced as 35.35 % compared without it. Also, during the rainy season (from Jun. to Sep. 2000 - 2007), when without vs. with rice straw mat, monthly sediment indicated 2,109.54 ton and 1,358.61 ton respectively. It showed about 35.60 % was reduced depending on rice straw mat. As shown in this study, if rice straw mat is used as a Best Management Practice (BMP) in the sloping fields, rainfall-driven sediment yield will be reduced effectively.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2008년도 International Symposium on Remote Sensing
• /
• pp.224-227
• /
• 2008

Land cover and its changes, affecting multiple aspects of the environmental system such as energy balance, biogeochemical cycles, hydrological cycles and the climate system, are regarded as critical elements in global change studies. Especially in arid and semiarid regions, the observation of ecosystem that is sensitive to climate change can improve an understanding of the relationships between climate and ecosystem dynamics. The purpose of this research is analyzing the ecosystem surrounding the Gobi desert in North Asia quantitatively as well as qualitatively more concretely. We used Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived from SPOT-VEGETATION (VGT) sensor during 1999${\sim}$2007. Ecosystem monitoring of this area is necessary because it is a hot spot in global environment change. This study will allow predicting areas, which are prone to the rapid environmental change. Eight classes were classified and compare with MODerate resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) global land cover. The time-series analysis was carried out for these 8 classes. Class-1 and -2 have least amplitude variation with low NDVI as barren areas, while other vegetated classes increase in May and decrease in October (maximum value occurs in July and August). Although the several classes have the similar features of NDVI time-series, we detected a slight difference of inter-annual variation among these classes.

• Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.231-237
• /
• 2010

With increased chemical and economic development activities in upstream areas, the amounts of pollutants released have increased, and as such, so has the need for positive management of water supply source areas. Although more than 90% of the water supply sources in Korea depend on direct intake from surface water, the interest in indirect intake, such as riverbank filtration water, has recently risen, with some local governments currently undertaking indirect intake. Even in cases of indirect intake, water supply source protection zones need to be assigned for the comprehensive control of pollutants. To establish water quality protection zones for indirect intake, the scope of the protection zones needed to reflect the hydrological features of the water-bearing deposits of each site. Water source protection areas were estimated and presented as the 1st (within a 100 m radius from an intake well) and 2nd (within a 2 km radius from an intake well) zones. The 1st zone was more sensitive; hence, the installation of various facilities should be prohibited, and the area should be regarded as off-limits. For the 2nd zone, appropriate management should prohibit and restrict activities already present in the water source protection zone.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2003

The Master Plan of Natural Environment Conservation in Korea by Ministry of Environment has been carried out since 1986. The 2nd 10-year survey started in 1997, and there are three major parts in the Master Plan : First, the basic natural environment survey, second, sites in special features of ecological characteristics such as uninhabitable islands, wetlands, etc, and third, biological species featuring status of habitat, and population dynamics. However the information in the Master Plan is very fragmented and collected data are not so abundant due to insufficient man-power and unsynchronized survey time/season. In this regard this paper examined the similar National Biological Survey in USA and compared the differences with the Master Plan in Korea. The Master Plan in Korea should separate the management zone based on hydrological characteristics, and in each zone we should set a management goal in the long term basis. Secondly the species list is not so meaningful that we must concentrate more on research activities. In each taxonomical group we set up hypotheses and research goals. Thirdly local residents and communities should be involved in research so that enhanced biological diversity should benefit people in areas. Lastly legislation and laws should be reexamined and rectified to provide information to the managers that deals with natural resources, expecially when conflicting with economic matters.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제48권2호
• /
• pp.311-331
• /
• 2021

Climate change with extreme hydrological events has become a significant concern for agricultural water systems. Climate change affects not only irrigation availability but also agricultural water requirement. In response, adaptation strategies with soft and hard options have been considered to mitigate the impacts from climate change. However, their implementation has become progressively challenging and complex due to the interconnected impacts of climate change with socio-economic change in agricultural circumstances, and this can generate more uncertainty and complexity in the adaptive management of the agricultural water systems. This study was carried out for the agricultural water supply system in Seongju dam watershed in Seonju-gun, Gyeongbuk in South Korea. The first step is to identify system disturbances. Climate variation and socio-economic components with historical and forecast data were investigated Then, as the second step, problematic trends of the critical performance were identified for the historical and future climate scenarios. As the third step, a system structure was built with a dynamic hypothesis (causal loop diagram) to understand Seongju water system features and interactions with multiple feedbacks across system components in water, agriculture, and socio-economic sectors related to the case study water system. Then, as the fourth step, a mathematical SD (system dynamics) model was developed based on the dynamic hypothesis, including sub-models related to dam reservoir, irrigation channel, irrigation demand, farming income, and labor force, and the fidelity of the SD model to the Seongju water system was checked.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.53-65
• /
• 2000

The objectives of this study are to develop a stormwater management system that would contribute to improving water circulation, recycling storm water and promoting biodiversity in urban areas, to apply the system in an actual site, and to verify its effectiveness in order to generate a stormwater management system applicable in Korea. This study reviewed former researches and case studies, categorized stormwater management system into pre-treatment, retention and infiltration phases, and analyzed the strength and weakness of the techniques by synthesizing unit techniques of each stage. As a result, the process of the stormwater management system includes the following phases: 1) a rubble filtration layer; 2) a retention pond; 3) a infiltration pond; and 4) a stormwater retention pool (recirculation and recycling). Then, an empirical study to design and create the generated system according to the features of a site and to verify its effectiveness was conducted. The future study direction is to verify the effectiveness of the developed stormwater retention and infiltration ponds. To this end, it is planned to perform hydrological monitoring using automatic measuring equipment and monitoring on habitat bases and the biota living on the base. Based on its outcome, the applied model would be refined and improved to develop an alternative stormwater management system that would allow to achieve the improvement of urban water circulation, increase of biodiversity and efficient use of water resources.

• 한국농림기상학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.161-170
• /
• 2013

이 논문에서는 산지사면에서 나타나는 수문과정의 이해를 증진하기 위해서 관측된 토양수분의 분포와 거동을 수치지형분석을 통한 지형요소와의 상관관계를 연구하였다. 계절에 따른 강우 및 토양구조의 차이가 영향을 주는 사면 깊이 별 토양수분의 변동을 상관성 분석을 통해 도출하였다. 경기도 파주시 설마천 유역에 위치하고 있는 사면에서 봄, 여름, 가을 등 각 3계절을 대상으로 4월, 7월, 10월 기간의 토양수분 시계열 관측 자료를 사용하여, 지표면과 기반암의 표고 모형을 사용하여 다방향 흐름 알고리즘과 경사도, 곡률 등 18개 요소와의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 도출된 지형과 토양수분의 상관관계는 계절별로 강우의 양상과 토양 깊이에 따라 상이한 양상을 보여 주고 있다. 이러한 상관관계를 통해 사면에서 토양수분의 분포 및 흐름선을 예측하여 공간적인 분석을 도모하고, 토양수분의 거동을 가장 적합하게 모사하는 모형과 지형요소를 평가하고 도출할 수 있을 것이다.