• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.351-362
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• 2009

The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, semi-distributed model, first divides the watershed into multiple subwatersheds, and then extracts the basic computation element, called the Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU). In the process of HRU generation, the spatial information of land use and soil maps within each subwatershed is lost. The SWAT model estimates the HRU topographic data based on the average slope of each subwatershed, and then use this topographic datum for all HRUs within the subwatershed. To improve the SWAT capabilities for various watershed scenarios, the Spatially Distributed-HRU (SD-HRU) pre-processor module was developed in this study to simulate site-specific topographic data. The SD-HRU was applied to the Hae-an watershed, where field slope lengths and slopes are measured for all agricultural fields. The analysis revealed that the SD-HRU pre-processor module needs to be applied in SWAT sediment simulation for accurate analysis of soil erosion and sediment behaviors. If the SD-HRU pre-processor module is not applied in SWAT runs, the other SWAT factors may be over or under estimated, resulting in errors in physical and empirical computation modules although the SWAT estimated flow and sediment values match the measured data reasonably well.

• 물과 미래
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.155-169
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• 1995

본 연구는 지형학적 순간단위도를 산정하는데 있어서, 주된 매개변수인 지체시간을 세가지형으로 결정하여, 그 결과들을 수문학적으로 해석하였다. 지체시간의 산정방법으로서 첫째로 평균유속만을 이용한 것과, 둘째로 유로연장과 평균유속을 조합한 방법을 적용하였으며, 셋째로 유역면적과 Boyd및 Singh의 경험적 계수들로부터 얻어진 지체시간의 상관식을 사용하였다. 각 방법들의 결과분석을 위하여 실제유역의 자료들을 사용하였으며, 그 결과로부터 소유역의 경우에는 평균유속만의 방법도 가능하나, 유역면적이 커질수록 유출량의 재현성에 있어 정확도가 떨어짐을 알 수 있었다. 또한 세번째 방법은 지체시간의 정확도가 떨어져, 면적뿐만 아니라 다른 수문학적 특성인자들도 고려되어야 함을 나타내었다. 따라서, 적용방법들중 두번째 방법이 지체시간 산정에 있어서 우수함을 보여주었으며, 이로부터 구한 유출량도 타 방법들에 비해 실측치와 가장 근사하게 접근하였다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.217-229
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• 2001

댐에 의한 환경의 변화는 생태계의 변화나 댐 주변의 안개일수 증가와 같은 국지기상의 변화도 있으나 본 연구에서는 수문환경의 변화에 초점을 맞추어 댐 건설이후 어떤 수문환경의 변화가 발생하며, 이러한 수문환경의 변화가 유역의 유출특성에 어떤 식으로 영향을 주는지에 대해 정량적으로 살펴보았다. 수분환경의 변화를 살펴보기 위해서 대청댐 건설 전후의 댐 상류에서의 토지이용과 식생의 변화를 비교하였으며, 물수지 방정식을 이용하여 증발산량, 유출량 및 토양 함수비 등을 산정하고 댐 건설에 따른 변화 양상을 분석하였다. 댐의 건설로 인해 댐 상류에서는 삼림의 증사와 초지의 감소로 알베도가 감소하였고 잠재증발산량과 토양수분량이 증가하였으며, 이로인해 실제증발산량이 증가하였다. 또한 댐 건설 후의 유출율이 약간 증가하였다. 이상의 분석을 통해 댐 건설에 따른 수문환경의 변화를 정량적으로 파악할 수 있었다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.479-488
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• 1999

산업화와 인구집중으로 인하여 도시화 현상이 심화됨에 따라 홍수로 인한 침수의 피해가 증가되고 있는 실정이며, 도시화 과정에서 첨두유량의 증가, 첨두유량 도달시간의 감소 등의 수문학적 특성이 변화되고 있어 도시방재에 관한 관심이 날로 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 강우-유출에 대한 실측자료가 있는 청주시 용암지구에 SWMM 모형과 ILLUDAS모형을 적용하여 첨두유량, 도달시간, 및 총유출량을 실측치와 계산치를 비교함으로써 도시유역에 적합한 모형을 제시하고자 한다. 대상유역의 5개 강우사상을 모형에 적용한 후 첨두유량, 충유출량을 실측치와 비교적 결과 SWIM의 Transport block 모형이 가장 실측치에 근점하고 ILLUDASA모형, SWMM 모형의 Runoff block 순으로 나타났다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

Generation and transportation of runoff and pollutant loads within watershed generated eutrophication at Daecheong reservoir. To improve water quality at Daecheong reservoir, the best management practices should be developed and applied at upper watersheds for water quality improvement at downstream areas. In this study, two small watersheds of upper Daecheong reservoir were selected. The Long-Term Hydrologic Impact Assessment (L-THIA) model has been widely used for the estimation of the direct runoff worldwide. To apply the L-THIA ArcView GIS model was evaluated for direct runoff and water quality estimation at small watershed. And the Web-based Hydrograph Analysis Tool (WHAT) was used for direct runoff separating from total flow. As a result, the $R^2$ (Coefficient of determination) value and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient value for direct runoff comparison at An-nae watershed were 0.81 and 0.71, respectively. And the $R^2$ value and Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient value at Wol-oe were 0.95 and 0.93. The $R^2$ value of BOD, TOC, T-N and T-P at An-nae watershed were BOD 0.94, TOC 0.81, T-N 0.94 and T-P 0.89. And the $R^2$ value of BOD, TOC, T-N and T-P at Wol-oe watershed were BOD 0.80, TOC 0.93, T-N 0.86 and T-P 0.65. The result that estimated pollutant loadings using the L-THIA ArcView GIS model reflected well the measured pollutant loadings except for T-P in Wol-oe watershed. With L-THIA ArcView GIS model, the direct runoff and non-point pollutant (NPS) loadings in the watershed could be analyzed through simple input data such as daily rainfall, land uses, and hydrologic soil group.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2023

To utilize the hydraulic and hydrological models when simulating floods in agricultural watersheds, it is necessary to consider agricultural reservoirs, farmland, and farmland drainage system, which are characteristics of agricultural watersheds. However, most of them are developed individually by different researchers, also, each model has a different simulation scope, so it is hard to use them integrally. As a result, there is a need to link each hydraulic and hydrological model. Therefore, this study established an integrated flood simulation system for the comprehensive flood simulation of agricultural reservoir watersheds. The system can be applied easily to various watersheds because historical weather data and the SSP (Shared Socio-economic Pathways) climate change scenario database of ninety weather stations were built-in. Individual hydraulic and hydrological models were coded and coupled through Python. The system consists of multiplicative random cascade model, Clark unit hydrograph model, frequency analysis model, HEC-5 (Hydrologic Engineering Center-5), HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center-River Analysis System), and farmland drainage simulation model. In the case of external models with limitations in conceptualization, such as HEC-5 and HEC-RAS, the python interpreter approaches the operating system and gives commands to run the models. All models except two are built based on the logical concept.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.1159-1166
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• 1994

본 연구는 소수력발전소의 성능분석 및 예측기법에 관한 것으로 소수력발전소에서의 유량지속곡선을 작성하기 위해서 Weibull 분포의 누가밀도함수를 사용하여 강수자료를 특성화하였고, 특성화된 유량지속함수를 이용한 성능분석모형을 개발하였다. 또한 한강수계에 위치한 안흥소수력발전소를 대상으로 개발된 성능분석모형을 이용하여 발전소의 성능특성을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 수문자료가 부족한 소수력발전소의 경우, 개발된 성능분석모형을 이용하여 기존 소수력발전소에 대한 성능분석 뿐만 아니라 발전소의 초기 설계시 설계유량, 설비용량, 연 평균가동율 및 연간 발전량 등의 성능 예측에도 효과적으로 이용할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.319-328
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• 2014

Dorang - the Korean term for headwater streams - occupy a large portion of the total stream length in a basin, and contribute significantly towards the quantitative and qualitative characteristics, and the ecosystem, of the main river. The Ministry of Environment of South Korea has supported the investigation of the status of Dorang in the nation's four major basins, since 2007. Without a widely accepted academic or legal definition of Dorang, however, there are limits to understand the distribution of Dorang at the national scale and to systematically compile a Dorang database. This paper, through a review of the stream classification system and Korean legal system delineating streams, defines Dorang as 1st and 2nd order streams according to the Strahler ordering method, in a 1:25,000 geographical scale. Analysis of the Geum River basin, with this definition, reveals that the total length of Dorang is 20,622.4 km (73.6% of total stream length), and the number of Dorang catchments is 23,639 (71.3% of the basin area). Further analysis of the geomorphological characteristics of Dorang catchments shows that the average total stream length is 1.1 km, average catchment length is 1.2 km, average drainage area is $0.4km^2$, and average drainage density is 3.08/km.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-56
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• 2016

In recent localized heavy rainfalls have been arising from abnormal climate change. People are concerning about damages with increasing the frequency of flooding. Therefore, we need to understand river hydraulic characteristics and management to reduce damage from flooding. To study hydraulic characterization of Sincheon experimental catchment HEC-RAS (Hydrologic Engineering Center River Analysis System) model which provided by U.S Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) was applied. This study analyzed and compared water level the frequency flood for 100 years and 200 years by clark unit Hydrography. The change of the water level of Daejeon bridge, Sincheon bridge and Singi bridge showed increased for all conditions. The flow rate for the Daejeon bridge and the Sincheon bridge showed an increase, but the Sinki bridge showed a decreasing flow rate overally, except for 1hour-100 years. The verification result showed that the model was able to simulate the water level with 0.4709 coefficient of determination and error ration ranging from 1 to 3%.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

A modeling system is constructed by integrating an one-dimensional unsteady flow simulation model and a hydrologic model to simulate flood flows in drainage channel networks of paddy field districts. The modeling system's applicability is validated by simulating flood discharges from a paddy field district, which consists of nine paddy fields and one drainage channel. The simulation results are in good agreement with the observed. Particularly, in the verification stage, the relative errors of peak flows and peak depths between the observed and simulated hydrographs range 8.96 to 10.26 % and -10.26 to 2.97 %, respectively. The modeling system's capability is compared with that of a water balance equation-based model; it is revealed that the modeling system's accuracy is superior to the other model. In addition, the simulations of flood discharges from large-sized paddy fields through drainage channels show that the flood discharge patterns are affected by drainage outlet management for paddy fields and physical characteristics of the drainage channels. Finally, it is concluded that to efficiently design drainage channel networks, it is necessary to analyze the results from simulating flood discharges of the drainage channel networks according to their physical characteristics and connectivities.