• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.197-206
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• 2022

Recently, steel-timber hybrid buildings have become prevalent worldwide because several advantages of both steel and timber structures are maintained in the hybrid system. In Taiwan, seismic design specification related to steel-timber hybrid buildings remains void. In this study, the ductility capacity of steel-timber hybrid buildings in Taiwanese seismic design specification is first proposed and evaluated using nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis (IDA). Three non-linear structural models, 12-story, 8-story, and 6-story steel-timer hybrid buildings were constructed using OpenSees. In each model, Douglas-fir was adopted to assemble the upper 4 stories as a timber structure while a conventional steel moment-resisting frame was designated in the lower part of the model. FEMA P-695 methodology was employed to perform IDAs considering 44 earthquakes to assess if the ductility capacity of steel-timber hybrid building is appropriate. The analytical results indicate that the current ductility capacity of steel moment-resisting frames can be directly applied to steel-timber hybrid buildings if the drift ratio of each story under the seismic design force for buildings in Taiwan is less than 0.3%. As a result, engineers are able to design a steel-timber hybrid building straightforwardly by following current design specification. Otherwise, the ductility capacity of steel-timber hybrid buildings must be modified which depends on further studies in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.9-9
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• 1997

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.591-600
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• 2015

The efficiency of a powertrain system of hybrid vehicle is highly dependent on the design and control of the hybrid powertrain system. In other words, the optimal design of the powertrain systems is coupled with optimal control of the powertrain system. Therefore, the solution of an optimal design problem for hybrid vehicles is computationally and timely very expensive. For example, dynamic programming, which is a recursive optimization method, is usually used to evaluate the best fuel economy of certain hybrid vehicle design, and, thus, the evaluation takes tens of minutes to several hours. This research aims to accelerate the speed of efficiency evaluation of hybrid vehicles. We suggest a mathematical treat and a methodological treat to reduce the computational load. The mathematical treat is that the dynamics of system is discretized with sparse sampling time without loss of energy balance. The methodological treat is that the efficiency of the hybrid vehicle is inferred by characteristic loss evaluation that is computationally inexpensive. With the suggested methodology, evaluating a design candidate of hybrid powertrain system is taken few minutes, which was taken several hours when dynamic programming is used.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.4C
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• pp.426-433
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose an incremental redundancy(IR)-hybrid ARQ(HARQ) scheme which uses double binary turbo codes for error correction. We also propose a methodology for basic analysis of the throughput which is a performance index of HARQ. The proposed double binary turbo IR-HARQ scheme provides higher throughput than binary IR-HARQ, which uses binary turbo codes for error correction, at all $E_s/N_0$. An extra coding gain is also attained by using the proposed HARQ scheme over the coding gain achieved by turbo codes only.

• Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.137-147
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• 2015

In this study, a new methodology in predicting a system output has been investigated by applying a data mining technique and a hybrid type II fuzzy system in CNC turning operations. The purpose was to generate a supplemental control function under the dynamic machining environment, where unforeseeable changes may occur frequently. Two different types of membership functions were developed for the fuzzy logic systems and also by combining the two types, a hybrid system was generated. Genetic algorithm was used for fuzzy adaptation in the control system. Fuzzy rules are automatically modified in the process of genetic algorithm training. The computational results showed that the hybrid system with a genetic adaptation generated a far better accuracy. The hybrid fuzzy system with genetic algorithm training demonstrated more effective prediction capability and a strong potential for the implementation into existing control functions.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• v.11B no.2
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• pp.15-21
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• 2001

This paper presents an improved characteristic analysis methodology for a 5-phase hybrid stepping motor. The basic approach is based on the use of equivalent magnetic circuit taking into account the localized saturation throughout the hybrid stepping motor. The finite element method(FEM) is used to generate the magnetic circuit parameters for the complex stator and rotor teeth and airgap considering the saturation effects in tooth and poles. In addition, the neural network is used to map a change of parameters and predicts their approximation. Therefore, the proposed method efficiently improves the accuracy of analysis by using the parameter characterizing localized saturation effects and reduces the computational time by using the neural network. An improved circuit model of 5-phase hybrid stepping motor is presented and its application is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.289-297
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• 2017

This paper presents seismic performance and reliability evaluation on steel-timber hybrid shear wall systems composed of steel moment resisting frames and infill light frame wood shear walls. Based on experimental observations, damage assessment was conducted to determine the appropriate damage-related performance objectives for the hybrid shear wall systems. Incremental time-history dynamic analyses were conducted to establish a database of seismic responses for the hybrid systems with various structural configurations. The associated reliability indices and failure probabilities were calculated by two reliability methods (i.e., fragility analysis and response surface method). Both methods yielded similar estimations of failure probabilities. This study indicated the greatly improved seismic performance of the steel-timber hybrid shear wall systems with stronger infill wood shear walls. From a probabilistic perspective, the presented results give some insights on quantifying the seismic performance of the hybrid system under different seismic hazard levels. The reliability-based approaches also serve as efficient tools to assess the performance-based seismic design methodology and calibration of relative code provisions for the proposed steel-timber hybrid shear wall systems.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 2023

More than 10,000 Carbon NanoTube Field Effect Transistors (CNTFETs), which have advantages such as high carrier mobility, large saturation velocity, low intrinsic capacitance, flexibility, and transparency, have been successfully integrated into one semiconductor chip using conventional semiconductor design procedures and manufacturing processes. Three-dimensional multilayer structure of the CNTFET semiconductor chip and various CNTFET manufacturing process research increase the possibility of making the hybrid MOSFET-CNTFET semiconductor chip which combines conventional MOSFETs and CNTFETs together in a semiconductor chip. This paper discusses a methodology to design 6T binary SRAM using hybrid MOSFET-CNTFET. By utilizing the existing MOSFET SRAM or CNTFET SRAM design method, we will introduce a method of designing a hybrid MOSFET-CNTFET SRAM and compare its performance with the conventional MOSFET SRAM and CNTFET SRAM.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.256-263
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• 2006

In this paper, an experimental hybrid method, which implements the earthquake response control of a building structure with a TLD(Tuned Liquid Damper) by using only a TLD as an experimental part, is proposed and is experimentally verified through a shaking table test. In the proposed methodology, the whole building structure with a TLD is divided into the upper TLD and the lower structural parts as experimental and numerical substructures, respectively. At the moment, the control force acting between their interface is measured from the experimental TLD with shear-type load-cell which is mounted on shaking table. Shaking table vibrates the upper experimental TLD with the response calculated from the numerical substructure, which is subjected to the excitations of the measured interface control force at its top story and an earthquake input at its base. The experimental results show that the conventional method, in which both a TLD and a building structure model are physically manufactured and are tested, can be replaced by the proposed methodology with a simple experimental installation and a good accuracy for evaluating the control performance of a TLD.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.2 s.55
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• pp.81-90
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• 2006

This treatise makes clear not only a structural methodology of 'the conceptual blending theory' using in a linguistics could be applied to the similar process in a hybrid design but also both methods include the same meaning construction in the sense of a mutual educational system. Both methods have something in common that they are fundamentally focused on a metaphorical expression which implies poetic messages to be concentrated on a formal structure. Therefore, the purpose of this treatise is to examine the structural characteristics in the hybrid design in order to analyze the rhetorical expressions(metaphor, allegory) as symbols of communication. One of the those is intertextuality that expresses metaphorically by blending and borrowing codes and another is hypertextual space where various texts twines around each other making brand-new and diverse organizations, as the combined allegory with a number of hidden expression. Ultimately, it is important that this approach could verify whether it deals the illogical present state of a spacial form or structure with a kind of mechanism of a 'conceptual blending theory' or not.