• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

This paper deals with the design and operation of a hybrid daylighting system that uses natural and artificial lighting to enhance visual comfort in buildings. The system was developed using an AVR micro controller for solar tracking in conjunction with dimming controls, which, acting together, enables the maximum use of natural daylight and also improves energy efficiency in buildings. Experimental results clearly demonstrates the usefulness of the present system capable of enhancing indoor lighting conditions when sufficient daylight is available and distributed appropriately in harmony with artificial lighting.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.985-991
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• 2014

The combined method utilizing airborne LiDAR and GIS data is suggested to extract 3-dimensional hybrid city model including roads and buildings. Combining the two types of data is more efficient to estimate the elevations of various types of roads and buildings than using either LiDAR or GIS data only. This method is particularly useful to model the overlapped roads around the so called spaghetti junction. The preliminary model is constructed from the LiDAR data, which can give wrong information around the overlapped parts. And then, the erratic vertex points are detected by imposing maximum vertical grade allowable on the elevated roads. For the purpose of efficiency, the erratic vertex points are corrected through linear interpolation method. To avoid the erratic treatment of the LiDAR data on the facades of buildings 2 meter inner-buffer zone is proposed to efficiently estimate the height of a building. It is validated by the mean value(=5.26 %) of differences between estimated elevations on 2 m inner buffer zone and randomly observed building elevations.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 수평변위와 횡력의 저감을 위해서 빌딩외부의 빌딩간 변형차이와 단면2차 모멘트의 최대화를 이용하여 다수의 빌딩으로 구성된 빌딩시스템의 빌딩간 협업제어 방식의 횡력분배 및 변위감소를 제안하였다. 제안된 복합빌딩 시스템의 안전설계를 위한 방안으로 케이블 파단시의 연속붕괴방지를 위한 연결부 정착판의 추가배치와 대공간구조 자체의 질량과 강성 및 공간을 활용한 동조질량감쇠장치의 설계에 대하여 제안하였다. 도심지 인구집중과 지가상승의 필연적 결과에 대한 해결방안으로 제안된 초고밀도 복합빌딩 시스템의 설계 최적화를 위하여, 3차원 빌딩구조시스템의 2축 대칭조건과 경계조건을 이용하여 2차원 모델을 구성하고 1차부정정구조를 이루는 2차원 모델의 중요설계변수를 검토하였다. 제안된 복합빌딩구조 시스템은 인구밀도와 지가가 상승하는 도심내 최대밀도구역에서 토지이용의 효율성을 극대화시키고, 새로운 빌딩 또는 기존빌딩구조의 안전성을 증대할 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제16권5호통권72호
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• pp.609-619
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• 2004

유럽을 중심으로 스틸스터드의 약점으로 지목 받고 있는 열교현상을 억제하기 위한 스터드 개선 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이 연구는 크게 마감재와 접촉 면적을 줄이는 방법, 웨브면에서 열전달 경로를 늘이는 방법, 열전도성이 낮은 소재를 사용하는 방법, 그리고 스터드를 피복하는 방법으로 구분할 수 있다. 비교적 저층의 주거용 건축물을 대상으로 하는 국외의 경우 에너지 소비에 초점이 맞춰져 있지만, 본 연구의 경우 중층화를 대비하여 구조적 성능도 고려하여 아연도금강판(SGC58)과 FRP를 에폭시로 부착하여 150SL 형태의 복합스터드를 개발하였다. 복합스터드의 소재로는 두께 1.0mm과 1.2mm 강판과 두께 4mm(4ply), 6mm(6ply)의 FRP를 적용하였고, 4가지의 접합 상세에 대한 제작 및 실험을 통해 최종적으로 우수한 결과를 보인 2가지를 선택하였다. 이와 같은 과정을 거쳐 개발된 복합스터드의 압축 성능을 확인하기 위해 2가지 접합 상세에 대해 단면 높이인 150mm에 대해 3, 6, 9, 12배 길이에 대해 압축 실험을 계획하였고, 기존 스틸 스터드와 비교하기 위하여 동일 형태의 비교 실험체도 제작하였다. 실험결과, 복합스터드의 최대하중은 강판 두께 1.0mm인 경우 동일 두께의 스틸 스터드보다 평균 1.62배, 1.2mm인 경우 평균 1.46배 증가하였으며, 가력 종료 시점에 이르기까지 일체 거동을 보여 구조적으로 우수함이 입증되었다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.597-616
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• 2011

With respect to rehabilitation, strengthening and retrofitting of existing and deteriorated columns in buildings and bridges, CFRP sheets have been found effective in enhancing the performance of existing RC columns by wrapping and bonding CFRP sheets externally around the concrete. Concrete columns and piers that are confined by both lateral steel reinforcement and CFRP are sometimes referred to as "hybrid" concrete columns. With the availability of experimental data on concrete columns confined by steel reinforcement and/or CFRP, the study presents modeling using artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict the compressive strength of hybrid circular RC columns. The prediction of the ultimate confined compressive strength of RC columns is very important especially when this value is used in estimating the capacity of structures. The present ANN model used as parameters for the confining materials the lateral steel ratio (${\rho}_s$) and the FRP volumetric ratio (${\rho}_{FRP}$). The model gave good predictions for three types of confined columns: (a) columns confined with steel reinforcement only, (b) CFRP confined columns, and (c) hybrid columns confined by both steel and CFRP. The model may be used for predicting the compressive strength of existing circular RC columns confined with steel only that will be strengthened or retrofitted using CFRP.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.381-397
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• 2021

Based on the spatial substructure hybrid simulation test (SHST) method, the seismic performance of a high-strength steel composite K-eccentrically braced frame (K-HSS-EBF) structure system is studied. First, on the basis of the existing pseudostatic experiments, a numerical model corresponding to the experimental model was established using OpenSees, which mainly simulated the shear effect of the shear links. A three-story and five-span spatial K-HSS-EBF was taken as the prototype, and SHST was performed with a half-scale SHST model. According to the test results, the validity of the SHST model was verified, and the main seismic performance indexes of the experimental substructure under different seismic waves were studied. The results show that the hybrid simulation results are basically consistent with the numerical simulation results of the global structure. The deformation of each story is mainly concentrated in the web of the shear link owing to shear deformation. The maximum interstory drifts of the model structure during Strength Level Earthquake (SLE) and Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) meet the demands of interstory limitations in the Chinese seismic design code of buildings. In conclusion, the seismic response characteristics of the K-HSS-EBFs are successfully simulated using the spatial SHST, which shows that the K-HSS-EBFs have good seismic performance.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.128-137
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• 2012

복합 병렬 전단벽(Coupled shear walls)은 커플링 보와 철근콘크리트 벽체로 구성되어 바람이나 지진 등의 횡하중으로부터 유발된 전도모멘트의 상당 부분을 철골 연결보의 커플링 작용에 의하여 골조 작용(Frame action)을 의하여 횡력에 효율적으로 저항하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 접합부 상세에 따른 복합병렬 전단벽의 접합부 강도에 대한 규준식을 정립하기 위한 선행연구로서 병렬 전단벽 접합부에서 커플링 보의 매립길이 및 벽체 두께를 주변수로 실험적 연구를 수행하여 접합부 상세에 따른 복합 병렬 전단벽 시스템의 거동특성을 규명하고자 하였다. 본 실험결과, 실험체의 거동 및 내력은 매립길이 및 접합부 상세에 많은 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났으며 향후 설계시 이에 대한 영향을 반영해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.111-125
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• 2018

By the year 2050, the world population is set to increase to 9 billion people, of which 66% will be living in cities. It is argued that this will inevitably lead to further urban densification and soaring, inhumane and dense vertical environments. However, innovative and disruptive technologies impacting all realms of life means that we will also live, work, play, learn and make in novel ways, the beginnings of which are already becoming evident. These present opportunities for reimagining city environments, and in particular tall buildings, with a focus on reducing redundancies and re-appropriating existing buildings, creating novel hybrid environments, incorporating green and social democratic spaces, and integrating multiple modes of transport. This paper examines how vertical cities may perhaps be dense, resource efficient, and yet humane, presenting three possible scenarios for Singapore's context, which are, however, common to many Asian high-density urban environments. The scenarios presented are the outcome of Final-Year Thesis Projects undertaken by final-year architecture students at the National University of Singapore (NUS) in 2017.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2006

The efficiency of ventilation system is one of the most important issues of designing ventilation in high-rise apartment buildings. The purpose of this study is to analyze the ventilation efficiency of ventilation system by experimental study using CO2 gas method. The results of this paper can be summarized as follows; (1) An appropriate ventilation including opening planning, mechanical and hybrid system are required. (2) The supply diffuser of ventilation system should be located near the contaminant source. (3) The return grill should be located along with supply diffuser for proper ventilation. and the return grill should be located near or right above the contaminant source. (4) However, the supply location right above the contaminant source has to be avoided. and the supply diffuser should be installed in module with return grill increase ventilation effectiveness.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2001

Wind flow perturbations, recirculations and turbulence generated by buildings often dominate air pollutant distributions around buildings. This paper describes dispersion of contaminants in the vicinity of a building by solving the concentration equation based on previously simulated wind flow field. Turbulence closure is achieved by using the standard k-ε two-equation model. The paper shows application of the CIP method for solving a species concentration equation of contaminant gas around a rectangular building for two different sources under conditions of neutral atmospheric stratification. Results have been compared to the experimental data and the previous numerical results by hybrid scheme. The computational results of concentration profiles by the CIP method agree well with experimental data.