• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.32 no.3 s.126
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• pp.175-180
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• 2001

Solvent extracts of 17 plants collected in Cheju Island were investigated for their biological properties related to cosmeceuticals such as tyrosinase and hyaluronidase inhibition and also radical scavenging effects. The chloroform fraction of Phytolacca esculenta root exhibited strong inhibition against tyrosinase activity. No fraction showed significant hyaluronidase inhibition. Some solvent extracts of plants such as Achyranthes japonica and Artemisia princeps showed considerable radical scavenging activities.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.37 no.2 s.145
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• pp.92-96
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• 2006

Six phlorotannins were isolated from Ecklonia cava, a brown alga belonging to Alariaceae, collected offshore Jeju Island. Among the phlorotannins, dieckol showed strong elastase inhibition and hyaluronidase ingibition.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.265-272
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• 1995

Inhibitory effects of 130 medicinal plants on hyaluronidase activity were analyzed. The medicinal plants are clinically used as herbal medicines for korean traditional prescriptions. Six out of the 130 herbal medicines exhibited more than 50% of inhibition on hyaluronidase activity by their total methanol extracts with 5mg/ml as a final concentration. The active total methanol extracts were prepared from cortex of Acantbopanax gracilistylus, lignum of Caesalpinia sappan, radix of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, radicis cortex of Morus alba, herba of Prunella vulgaris, and radix of Sanguisorba officinalis. These active total methanol extracts were sequentially fractionated with dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and then water. Among the solvent-fractionated extracts, the butanol fractions of Acantbopanax gracilistylus and Glycyrrhiza uralensis with 1 mg/ml as the final concentration exhibited more than 50% of inhibition on hyaluronidase activity, and the other fractions with the same concentration did less than 20% of inhibition.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.277-282
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• 2021

Hydrocotyle is a genus of prostrate, perennial aquatic or semi-aquatic plants formerly classified in the family Apiaceae, now in the family Araliaceae. Lipoxygenases (LOX) are present in the human body and play an important role in the stimulation of inflammatory reactions. Ethanolic extracts of five Hydrocotyle species (H. ramiflora, H. maritima, H. nepalensis, H. sibthorpioides, and H. yabei) showed inhibition of 23.5~50.6% at 2.0 mg/mL. Their extracts showed LOX inhibition in half maximal effective concentration (EC₅₀) range 15.1~15.7 ㎍/mL. Hyaluronic acid is a glycosaminoglycan, a major component of the extracellular matrix Five extracts of these species inhibited less than 23.0% of Hyaluronidase (HAase) activity at a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a form of xanthine oxidoreductase, a type of enzyme that generates reactive oxygen species. Five Hydrocotyle species were found to have inhibitory activity of XO at 2.0 mg/ml, with 65% having greater than 50% inhibition. H. ramiflora exhibited the highest activity with an inhibition of 80.0%. The results suggested that Lipoxygenases, Hyaluronidase, and Busan 47340, Republic of Korea from five Hydrocotyle species might be multifunctional and prevent the degradation of allergic reactions and inflammation.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.63-63
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• 2019

The thinning Green ball apple was extracted using water and ethanol and a phenolic concentration of thinning Green ball apple was $50-200{\mu}g/mL$. The water and ethanol extracts of thinning Green ball apple showed 94.69% and 92.24% 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and 100.30% and 99.16% 2,2'-Azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity at phenolic concentration of $200{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The water and ethanol extracts of thinning Green ball apple showed antioxidant protection factor of 1.76 antioxidant protection factor and 1.76 antioxidant protection factor, respectively. The water and ethanol extracts showed 101.46% and 99.64% anti-oxidative effect on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances at phenolic concentration of $200{\mu}g/mL$. Hence, the water and ethanol extracts of thinning Green ball apple can be considered a potential anti-oxidant. The water and ethanol extracts showed 33.28% and 32.14% hyaluronidase inhibition, respectively, at phenolic concentration of $150{\mu}g/mL$. The water and ethanol extracts showed 47.33% and 40.92% elastase inhibition and 46.19% and 65.58% collagenase inhibition at phenolic concentration of $200{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. About these experiments, thinning Green ball apple was found to exhibit anti-oxidation activity as well as hyaluronidase, elastase and collagenase inhibitory activities. Therefore, thinning Green ball apple can be considered a potential source for functional food.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.844-850
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• 2013

In this study, the optimal extraction conditions for three medicinal herbs as functional sources against inflammatory and arthritic diseases were developed. Traditional medicinal herbs were screened for their inhibition of hyaluronidase (HAse) activity and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis. For the screening of anti-inflammatory properties, ethanolic extracts of 53 species of traditional medicinal herb were examined. We confirmed that Astragalus membranaceus (A.R.), Schisandra chinensis (S.F.), and Platycodon grandiflorum (P.G.) inhibit NO production. For extraction from all three herbs simultaneously, an ethanol concentration of 95%, a 1:2:1 mixture ratio, and at 50 rpm mixing speed, for over 12 h and at $30^{\circ}C$ was the best condition for optimal extract yield and NO inhibition effects. HAse inhibition from the three herb extraction was three fold higher than single samples. The ethanol extracts were fractionated with various solvents (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water). The ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of the herb mixture showed the highest extract yield (13%) and NO inhibition effects (73%). In conclusion, this study provides experimental evidence that a mixture of P.G., A.R., and S.F. could be used as a source of antioxidant ingredients in the food industry.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.557-562
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• 2022

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a mucopolysaccharide, occurring naturally in living organisms. It is one of the most hydrophilic molecules, so it has been known as being related to skin hydration and skin aging. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Cimicifuga heracleifolia ethanol extract on the hyaluronic acid synthesis and the inhibition of hyaluronidase activity. To determine cytotoxicity, hyaluronic acid synthase 2 (HAS2) gene expression, HA production and, hyaluronidase inhibitory effects, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-ly)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, real time - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), hyaluronic acid enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (HA-ELISA), and hyaluronidase assay were used, respectively. When the Cimicifuga heracleifolia extract was treated in the HaCaT cells up to 500 ㎍/mL concentration, cytotoxicity was confirmed by the Cimicifuga heracleifolia extract at concentrations above 200 ㎍/mL. Therefore, the optimum concentration of all experiments used in this study was determined to be 200 ㎍/mL. HAS2 gene expression increased by Cimicifuga heracleifolia extract in a concentration-dependent manner at all treatment concentrations. The production rate of HA was tended to decrease at the highest concentration of 200 ㎍/mL. The hyaluronidase activity inhibition effect of Cimicifuga heracleifolia extract was very high compared to the control group. Based on these results, Cimicifuga heracleifolia extract was expected to have a moisturizing effect on human skin and special attention should be paid to the determination of the concentration of Cimicifuga heracleifolia when developing cosmetic materials using it.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.200.3-200.3
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• 2003

Reactive oxygen species(ROS) are produced at a high rate continuously as a by-product of aerobic metabolism. Several lines of evidence provided that ROS appears to cause to develop aging and various diseases. High level of hyaluronic acid with decreased molecular weight has been detected in patients with inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis. Hyaluronidase is an endohexosaminidase that initiates the degradation of hyaluronic acid with high molecular weight. Prunus persica Batsch var. davidiana Maximowicz has been known as a korean folk medicine for treatment of neuritis and rheumatism. (omitted)

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.398-403
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• 2003

To investigate the relationship between structure and biological activity of phenylpropanoids, we measured effects of phenylpropanoids on anti-oxidant and whitening activity, In DPPH radical scavenging activity, caffeic acid analogues showed the significant anti-oxidant activity. Although phenylpropanoids did not inhibit purified-tyrosinase activity, they significantly inhibited tyrosinase activity and melanin production in MSH-stimulated B16 melanoma cells. However, phenylpropanoids did not affect tyrosinase expression in MSH-stimulated B16 melanoma cells, which suggest that inhibition of MSH-induced melanin production was due to tyrosinase inhibition mediated via other signal pathways but not expression of tyrosinase. Phenylpropanoids also significantly inhibited both hyaluronidase and elastase activity, suggesting that phenylpropanoids may be used as whitening, hydration and anti-wrinkling agents. Hydroxyl residue of aromatic ring in phenylpropanoids plays an important role in anti-oxidant and whitening activity.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.275-285
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• 2022

In this study, we prepared two extracts using 1,3-butylene glycol (DBG) and ethanol (DET), with Diospyros kaki and determined the anti-oxidant, anti-aging, and whitening effects in vitro. Anti-oxidant activity was measured by DPPH and superoxide dismutase (SOD) method, and as a result, both DBG and DET extracts confirmed their anti-oxidant properties by exhibiting significant DPPH scavenging and SOD-like activities. For anti-aging activity, we measured elastase and hyaluronidase inhibition, and the inhibition of MMP-1 expression. Both DBG and DET significantly inhibited elastase and hyaluronidase activities dose-dependently, and MMP-1 expression was also reduced in both extracts. We also measured the whitening effects with tyrosinase activity and melanin production, but only DBG showed a decrease in tyrosinase. In summary, D. kaki extract has strong antioxidant, anti-aging, and whitening functions, and it is believed that it can be used as a cosmetic material in the future.