• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.1856-1869
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• 2015

This paper addresses the issues of 3D human activity detection, tracking and recognition from RGB-D video sequences using a feature structured framework. During human tracking and activity recognition, initially, dense depth images are captured using depth camera. In order to track human silhouettes, we considered spatial/temporal continuity, constraints of human motion information and compute centroids of each activity based on chain coding mechanism and centroids point extraction. In body skin joints features, we estimate human body skin color to identify human body parts (i.e., head, hands, and feet) likely to extract joint points information. These joints points are further processed as feature extraction process including distance position features and centroid distance features. Lastly, self-organized maps are used to recognize different activities. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is reliable and efficient in recognizing human poses at different realistic scenes. The proposed system should be applicable to different consumer application systems such as healthcare system, video surveillance system and indoor monitoring systems which track and recognize different activities of multiple users.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2004년도 봄 학술발표논문집 Vol.31 No.1 (B)
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• pp.601-603
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• 2004

인터넷은 유익하고 건전한 정보의 유통이 대부분이지만 최근에는 익명성과 상업성으로 인해 유해 정보가 급속하게 늘어나고 있는 추세이다. 이러한 부정적인 영향으로부터 청소년들과 어린이들을 보호하기 위하여, 본 논문은 유해사이트 분류를 자동으로 할 수 있는 시스템을 제안한다. 기존의 유해사이트 구축은 검색 요원들이 유해사이트를 돌아다니며 일일이 데이터를 수집하여 분류하거나 유해사이트의 내용 중에 텍스트만을 추출하여 패턴 매칭 방법으로 분류하는 것이 대부분이었지만, 본 논문은 기존 방법의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 형태소 분석을 이용한 사이트의 유해도 측정과 Skin-Color 분포의 분석 결과를 병합하여 95% 이상의 정확도(Precision) 성능을 보이며. 신뢰도가 높은 유해사이트 자동 분류 시스템을 구현할 수 있다는 것을 증명하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 입력되는 3차원의 정지 또는 동적인 입체영상으로부터 색상과 깊이 특징을 결합하여 인간의 피부색상 영역을 강건하게 추출하는 새로운 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법에서는 먼저 스테레오 정합 기법을 이용하여 입력된 좌우 영상으로부터 카메라와 물체 사이의 거리를 나타내는 깊이 특징을 강건하게 추출한다. 그런 다음, 유사한 깊이 특징을 가지는 화소들을 레이블링하고, 레이블링한 영역 중에서 인간의 피부색상 분포를 가지는 영역들을 실제적인 피부색상 영역이라고 판단한다. 실험에서는 2차원 위주의 기존의 피부영역 추출 방법과 제안된 3차원의 특징을 활용한 방법의 성능을 정확도 측면에서 비교 및 평가하였다. 그 결과 제안된 방법은 색상 특징과 깊이 특징을 효과적으로 결합함으로써 기존의 배경 영역에서 부정확하게 검출되는 피부색상 영역의 오류를 상당수 제거하는 효과를 가지며, 이로 인해 전반적으로 보다 정확하게 피부영역을 추출하였다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.1825-1838
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• 2016

The detection of skin pigment is crucial in the diagnosis of skin diseases and in the evaluation of medical cosmetics and hairdressing. Accuracy in the detection is a basis for the prompt cure of skin diseases. This study presents a method to recognize and measure human skin pigment using Hemoglobin-Melanin (HM) coordinate. The proposed method extracts the skin area through a Gaussian skin-color model estimated from statistical analysis and decomposes the skin area into two pigments of hemoglobin and melanin using an Independent Component Analysis (ICA) algorithm. Then, we divide the two-dimensional (2D) HM coordinate into rectangular bins and compute the location histograms of hemoglobin and melanin for all the bins. We label the skin pigment of hemoglobin, melanin, and normal skin on all bins according to the Bayesian classifier. These bin-based HM projective histograms can quantify the skin pigment and compute the standard deviation on the total quantification of skin pigments surrounding normal skin. We tested our scheme using images taken under different illumination conditions. Several cosmetic coverings were used to test the performance of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can detect skin pigments with more accuracy and evaluate cosmetic covering effects more effectively than conventional methods.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제28권B호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2008

A real-time face detection is to find human faces robustly under the cluttered background free from the effect of occlusion by other objects or various lightening conditions. We propose a face detection system for real-time applications using wavelet decomposition method based on Gabor features. Firstly, skin candidate regions are extracted from the given image by skin color filtering and projection method. Then Gabor-feature based template matching is performed to choose face cadidate from the skin candidate regions. The chosen face candidate region is transformed into 2-level wavelet decomposition images, from which feature vectors are extracted for classification. Based on the extracted feature vectors, the face candidate region is finally classified into either face or nonface class by the Levenberg-Marguardt back-propagation neural network.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.186-188
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• 2005

Hand region detection in images is an important process in many computer vision applications. It is a process that usually starts at a pixel-level, and that involves a pre-process of color space transformation followed by a classification process. A color space transformation is assumed to increase separability between skin classes for hands and non-skin classes for other parts, to increase similarity among different skin tones, and to bring a robust performance under varying illumination conditions, without any sound reasonings. In this work, we examine if the color space transformation does bring those benefits to the problem of hand region detection on a dataset of images with different hand postures, backgrounds, people, and illuminations. Results indicate that best of the color space is the normalized RGB.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2005년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1689-1694
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• 2005

Face detection plays an important role in face recognition, video surveillance, and human computer interface. In this paper, we present a face detection system using eye detection with progressive thresholding from a digital camera. The face candidate is detected by using skin color segmentation in the YCbCr color space. The face candidates are verified by detecting the eyes that is located by iterative thresholding and correlation coefficients. Preprocessing includes histogram equalization, log transformation, and gray-scale morphology for the emphasized eyes image. The distance of the eye candidate points generated by the progressive increasing threshold value is employed to extract the facial region. The process of the face detection is repeated by using the increasing threshold value. Experimental results show that more enhanced face detection in real time.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2000년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집(4)
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• pp.41-44
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• 2000

In this paper, we present an efficient face detection algorithm for locating vertical views of human faces in complex scenes. The algorithm models the distribution of human skin color in YCbCr color space and find various ace candidate regions. Face candidate regions are found by thresholding with predetermined thresholds. For each of these face candidate regions, The sobel edge operator is used to find edge regions. For each edge region, we used an ellipse detection algorithm which is similar to hough transform to refine the candidate region. Finally if a substantial number of he facial features (eye, mouth) are found successfully in the candidate region, we determine he ace candidate region as a face region. e show empirically that the presented algorithm an find the face region very well in the complex scenes.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book I
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• pp.85-96
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• 2003

Normal human skin, constantly challenged by environmental micro-organisms, has an innate ability to fight invading microbes through antimicrobial peptides. These peptides, described in both plant and animal kingdoms are able to inactivate a broad spectrum of micro-organisms. Mammalian defensins constitute one of the most common antimicrobial peptide family. Among the three human beta-defensins hBD1, hBD2 and hBD3 produced in epithelia, only hBD2 and hBD3 are inducible and additionally have been described as expressed by differentiated keratinocytes at site of inflammation and infection. The aims of these studies were to define a cell culture model in which the basal production of hBD could be detected and up-regulated in order to enhance skin auto-protection against micro-organisms. A specific Polymerase Chain Reaction method have been developed for hBD2 and hBD3 mRNA detection in non-differentiated monolayer keratinocytes cell culture. We have been able to demonstrate that in vitro, hBD2 and hBD3 expression in normal human keratinocytes could be detected and enhanced by TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma, in hypercalcic culture conditions. This research opened the possibility of the development of cosmetic active compounds, able to induce the expression of skin natural antibiotic peptides responsible about microflora ecology of the skin.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2010

유해영상 검출에서 정확하게 피부 색상 영역을 획득하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 그러나 기존의 방법들은 서로 다른 인종, 조명, 화장, 사용된 카메라 등과 같은 여러 원인으로 인해 피부 색상 추출에 여전히 문제를 가지고 있으며, 사전에 미리 정해진 피부 색상 분포 모델을 이용하여 영상에서 피부 영역을 검출한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 눈 주변 영역에서 샘플을 추출하여 입력 영상에 최적으로 적합된 피부 색상 분포 모델을 생성하여 피부 영역을 강건하게 분할하고, 분할된 피부 영역에서 성인 영상을 대표할 수 있는 특징을 추출한 후, 분할된 피부 영역이 나체의 몸체를 포함하고 있는지를 뉴럴 네트워크 다층 퍼셉트론을 통해 여러 대표적인 특징들을 통합하면서 추론하는 새로운 방법을 제안하다. 본 논문의 실험에서는 피부 색상 영역 분할과 성인영상 검출의 두 가지 성능 측면에서 제안한 방법의 성능이 기존의 방법에 비해 보다 우수함을 보인다. 본 논문에서 제안한 강건한 유해영상검출 기법은 얼굴 검출, 성인영상 필터링 등과 같은 관련된 여러 응용 분야에서 유용하게 활용될 것이라 기대된다.