• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2016

The ratio which we usually use in producing products is nonconforming proportion or percent defective. As our modern society develops, we cannot but meet another proportion in legal, managerial, and medical areas where our human beings might commit various kinds of errors though they do not want them. In this paper we will generally call the ratio 'proportion.' When the size of such proportion as percent defective is observed by persons, it is not true proportion but apparent proportion because it has been observed with human or situational errors. Past studies have not systematically covered the analysis of relations between such proportions and type 1 and 2 error, but this paper analyses and derives such various relations, and it suggests the guideline as sixteen properties for utilization and sensitive analysis of the relations. Current paper's consideration of apparent proportion in addition to true proportion as our familiar concept will open and widen existing academic and application areas where people have mainly built societal, scientific and engineering rules and methods based only on true proportion.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.12
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• pp.100-108
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• 1997

A human body can be called the scale of all things and the most perfect and sensual presentation of form. Its beautiful proportion has been used as the most important measure of all the natural organic beings. The attitude of research based on the human scale is so traditional both in East and West, and especially in the field of architecture. It has been the ground of most standards in various buildings and cities from the ancient times. This study aims to examine the way the human body has been investigated in history and to find out how it is applied and expressed as the scale in architecture or interior spaces. It takes a step forward from mere research of proportion by studying even the emotional and psychological relations between space and human beings. It may contribute to the creation of the space for human beings.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.29-45
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• 2004

This study compared household's investment behaviors over consumer's ages before and after the economic crisis using 1995 and 2000 National Survey of Family Income and Expenditure in korea. Household's investment behaviors were compared in terms of household's financial statements, amounts and proportions invested in various assets, and rate of return on investments. The proportion invested in securities of all households. In terms of the proportion invested, consumers under 40s increased the proportion invested in insurance while consumers over 50s increased the proportion invested in savings and trusts in 1995 than in 2000. Consumers of all ages increased the proportion invested in securities in 2000 than in 1995. Young households had higher rate of return in 1995 while old households had higher rate of return in 2000.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.747-760
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• 2014

This study presents the extent of disparity of human capital across regions, its trend, and the impact of aging on it, using Korean census data of years 1985, 1995, and 2005. Main results are as follows. First, the absolute level of human capital in cities and districts have increased, but the relative positions of those regions have not changed over time. Second, the proportion of college graduated tends to increase as the size of cities increases. Third, following Berry and Glaeser(2005), the increase in the proportion of college graduated is regressed on the initial proportion and the estimates indicate that the disparity of human capital across regions has increased over time. Fourth, the proportion of aging population is shown to have a negative relationship with the proportion of college graduated. Finally, using a counter-factual scenario that there were no differences in proportions of aging population across regions, it is shown that the disparity of human capital across regions could be reduced substantially.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.91-109
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• 2006

This study aims at strengthening the national competitiveness of Korea's clothing industry as it provides substantial information on the human body proportion and proportional dimension standards for Chinese women and improves the fitness of clothing, considering human proportion in the production of clothing products for export to China. This study selected by simple random sampling Chinese women in Beijing and Shanghai, China, whose age is between 19-50 from June 23 to August 7, 2004. The stature of the average Chinese woman belonging to the High Frequency group is 7.09 times as long as the length of the head. We developed the body proportional dimension standards with the same proportion with High-Frequence group. The basic size of proportional dimension standards for Chinese women has the stature of 159cm, (chest circumference)/2 of 42.8cm.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.165-172
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• 2016

Since the advent of digital games with hardware development a key component of the game characters are changed to retard the rate at which types of users based on their favorite theory of human proportion. Many popular to gamers in the game according to the change in the retard rate in a unique image of the character. Studies on the head and body proportion are thought that up to now been insufficient. The purpose of this study is to examine a fundamental human proportion that has importance as a molding factor in the game character development, it investigated the characteristics of the game character, and classifying the retard rate of the game character, through the research method of analyzing the results, into the retard rate look for and investigate studying the effect on future game images. Five types of game characters that make up the analysis were analyzed with a unique image, and the more specialized users prefer retard rate, the figurative exaggeration to retard rate than the actual main body. Utilizing a bit exaggerated the difficulties of the character looks relatively small proportion character in the graphic wallpaper increased visibility. The proportion of a game character through the study is considered as a very important factor as the game image in the game development.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.5 no.1 s.12
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• pp.78-86
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• 2007

One of the latest social trends is to reappear old things under the banner of the revival. It is easily found in the fashion industry because Fashion is not divided into the past, the present and the future thing but coexisting through all ages. The purpose of this study was to pursue the healthy and characteristic beauty of the modem people by understanding the beauty culture of the ancient. The Middle ages were mainly classified into Byzantine, Romanesque and Gothic by historical and cultural factors. In the Byzantine age, the clothing with rich silhouette was worn by the influence of the abstemious religion and it didn't express a specific proportion of human body. The people covered their hair with turbans and veils for the period. The Romanesque era was affected by the religious idealism and the Greek-Roman culture. The ideal proportion of human body could be 8 heads high and the clothes expressing natural silhouette of human body came out. Depending on the feel of the flowing texture, long-braided hair was typical in that time, and also wearing kinds of head dress as personal ornaments was characteristic in the age. In the period of Gothic, the long and weak human body was emphasized. The ideal proportion of human body could be figured with 8.5 heads high and it was expressed with the form of artificial and vertical silhouette such like tight-fitting upper garments, gathered skirts and long hats.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.425-438
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• 2010

This study investigates what effects employment flexibility have on the business performance in the computer programming, system consultancy and related services. An analysis of the effects of employment flexibility on outcomes of human resource management revealed that companies which had a higher proportion of temporary agency workers and adjusted employment more frequently had higher turnover rates. The study also showed that the higher the proportion of non-regular workers, outsourcing and the easier it was to adjust working hours, the higher the absence rate. Meanwhile, companies that made employment adjustments more often showed higher defect rates and lower customer satisfaction. It was also found that in companies with a higher proportion of outsourcing and higher possibility of employment adjustments, workers were less interested in new technologies.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.4 no.6
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• pp.534-543
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identify the body proportions of girls in middle and high school who have been a major sales target of clothing manufacturers and thus to provide the basic information on the proportion of human body, which is essential for manufacturer to produce clothing and for individual consumers to select right apparels to wear and purchase. The subjects were 133 girls in middle school and 141 girls in high school. As measuring instruments, the Martin's anthropometer, tapelines, and belts for marking waistline were used. In order to analyze the data, t-test and factor analysis were used. The measurement of vertical distance between vertex and measuring points, showed a significant difference between the high school group and middle school group in every item. In the comparison of eight head proportion between the two groups, middle school students had 7.2 head proportion while girls in high school had 6.9 head proportion in detail. The factor analysis of major divided body parts of the two groups indicated that waist-hip and hip-crotch, constituting lower trunk together, vertex-apex nasi, and apex nasi-back neck point, constituting head together, back neck point-spina scapula and spina scapula-waist, constituting posterior of upper body together, and mentum-bust point and bust point-waist, constituting anterior of upper body together, were in inverse proportion.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.97-101
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• 1986

The content of sugar in human milk was almost twice as much as that in cow's milk. The content of ash in cow's milk was twice as much as that in human milk. Cow's milk had a greater proportion of sodium than human milk. the ratio of P/Ca in human milk was as much lower than that in cow's milk. Cow's milk had more Cu than human milk.