• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.975-987
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• 2008

The purpose of this thesis is to conduct a thorough research on shoes of 2000s, understand the changes and analyze the differences and the characteristics of the shoe designs of the past and present in order to predict and indicate the future direction of the women shoe designs. The shoes of the millennium not only kept the old fashioned shapes but also showed futuristic shapes. With the increasing importance of shoes in fashion, shoes with various images were created. As far as the materials are concerned, natural materials and artificial materials were both used. The colors were vivid and the futuristic colors. On the other hand, pastel toned colors and romantic colors were used in many different designs and shapes regardlees of the seasons. Straps and hills differed from the oldies. Heavy decorations were added to strap shoes to form a whole new design and hills show geometrical platforms or the avantgarde like heights. Feminine images overwhelmed the shoe designs of the millennium. To elaborate, Pumps displayed feminine images the most for it showed a high frequency number regardless of the seasons. Shoes are presented in aesthetical perspective rather then functional or practical perspectives that are based on human nature. Cultural, social, environmental and some part religious factors had a great influence on the evolution on the shoes. Especially in the 2000s, future oriented concepts were implemented on shoe designs, resulting a wider range of expressiveness and in the end leading to a more creative shoe designing. Changes in shoe designs could be pointed out in many ways according to the shapes materials, colors, modeling of decorations or also with the diverting trends.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권8호
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• pp.185-198
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• 2018

본 논문은 학교에서 진화론과 함께 지적 설계론도 가르쳐야 한다는 요구가 강해지고 있는 상황에서 그에 대한 판단의 이론적 기초 자료로 활용하기 위한 목적으로 쓰였다. 진화론과 달리 경험적 증거가 거의 없는 지적 설계론이 과학이론이 될 가능성을 검증하기 위해 문헌들을 통해 지능이 무엇인지 밝히고, 그 지능의 흔적이 실제 자연 속에서 발견되고 있는지를 확인해 보았다. 자연에서 지능의 흔적인 '지적 요소'가 경험적으로 발견되면 지적 설계론도 과학이론으로서 인정받게 되어 진화론과 함께 학교 교육의 대상이 될 수 있지만 그렇지 않다면 논쟁할 가치조차 없어지게 된다. 지금까지 지능에 대한 문헌들을 종합한 결과 지능의 정체와 그 흔적을 찾을 수 있었으며, 그 흔적이 사고, 지식, 문명 등 인간으로부터 비롯된 다양한 인위적 산물에서 뿐만 아니라 자연의 모든 현상에서도 발견되고 있음이 확인되었다. 이런 결과를 바탕으로 본 논문은 진화론과 지적 설계론 간의 첨예한 대립과 갈등의 문제를 해결할 방법과 함께 진화론과 지적 설계론이 학교교육의 현장에서 어떻게 다루어져야 되는지에 대한 논의를 제공하고 있다.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.51-85
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• 1988

중국과 한국을 포함하는 동아시아에 제3기말기 이후 제4기홍적세 시기에 살았던 동물상의 연구와 자연환경의 연구는 주로 중국에서 이루어졌다. 최근 중국에서 이루어진 이 지역에 관한 지질학, 지형학과 기후의 변화 및 loess의 발달등에 관한 연구들은 초기 홍적세 시기에 진행되었던 히말라야와 청해/신장 고원의 빠른 용기 작용이 동아시아에서 진행되어온 자연환경의 변화에 커다란 영향을 미쳤음을 보여주고 있으며, 홍적세의 상한 또한 2백만년을 넘을 수 없음을 밝혀주고 있다. 전기 홍적세 이후로 중국에서의 동물군은 크게 북중국, 남중국 그러고 중간지역 등의 3개의 동물군으로 나눌 수 있으며, 젖먹이근동물의 발달과정을 통해서 홍적세시기의 생태계를 이해할 수 있다. 한국선사시대 환경과 동물상은 같은 시기에 속하는 북중국의 자연환경 및 동물상과 비슷하였음을 알 수 있다.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2012

함정 전투체계는 무기체계, 정보통신 등의 기술 발전으로 인한 복잡한 전장 환경에 따라 인간이 개입하여 다양한 전술을 운용해야 한다. 따라서 에이전트 기반의 국방 M&S 시스템의 연구가 최근 들어 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그러나 현존하는 에이전트 기반 M&S 시스템은 고정된 전술을 적용하여 분석하는데 그치고 있다. 본 논문에서는 함정 교전에서 보다 적합한 대응을 찾기 위해 환경변화에 능동적으로 대처할 수 있도록 강화 학습 기능을 갖으며, 또한 유전 알고리즘을 이용하여 세대별 진화 학습 기능을 갖는 에이전트 모델링 방법론을 제안하였다. 타당성 검증을 위해 서해상에서 벌어지는 가상의 1:1 함정교전 시뮬레이션을 수행하였고, 이를 통해 함정 교전에 있어 강화 및 진화 학습이 가능함을 검증하였다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

Clothing design is one of design products for human, the end user and corresponds to artifacts. Sometimes artifacts with one mono module exist, and so does artifacts assembled and combined with multi modules of same shape and size or various shapes and sizes and thus all design products can be understood by modularity concept. The purpose of this study was to make a new suggestion for the clothing design and production of high uniqueness and creativity by reviewing and synthesizing the foundation of clothing modularity concept as the original clothing design figures from the history have shown various modularity concept evolution from mono module to multi module stages. The methods of this study were to identify clothing modularity and analyze the type, evolving direction, and category of clothing modularity, and the value of clothing modularization design through comprehensive literature reviews on topic-related books and theses. The original clothing figures with Significance from the clothing history were analyzed in evolution sequence for application direction and value of clothing modularity in flat pattern. Clothing modularity in ancient clothing figures was classified as three types of the fixed, drapery, and straight lined in evolving direction from clothing of mono module to flat patterned clothing. The direction of clothing modularity was identified as mono- dual-triple-multi into another level of multi modularity after intentional devolution. The categorization of clothing modularity was identified in terms of clothing flat construction, clothing design construction, and clothing form modeling. The value of clothing modularization design using clothing modularity was identified as economical efficiency, convenience, promptitude, adaptability, functionality, and creativity.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to establish objectives for ninth grade studies of heredity and evolution in middle school in an attempt to foster students' consciousness of bioethics, and it's additionally intended to develop and apply lesson plans handling different points at issue and to determine the effects of the lesson plans on the bioethics of middle school students. The subjects in this study were 152 ninth graders in a middle school, whose science scores were similar. An experimental group and a control group were made up of 76 students respectively, and a pretest was conducted with test paper developed by this researcher to assess their awareness of bioethics. The experimental group took lessons by using the teaching plans prepared in this study, and the control group received typical education according to the curriculum. And then a posttest was implemented with test paper developed in this study to compare the two groups. In addition their science grades were compared as well. The findings of the study were as follows: First, seven learning objectives were selected from three units related to bioethics in the third-year 8th category of heredity and evolution of middle school. Second, in order to attain the selected learning objectives, four session lesson plans were prepared. Third, the experimental group that studied using by the lesson plans made better progress in bioethics awareness and the gap between the two was statistically significant(t=6.61, p<.001). The former were ahead of the latter in consciousness about species equity(t=7.71, p<.001), the dignity of life (t=3.78, p<.001), human rights(t=2.99, p<.01) and equity among generations(t=2.66, p<.01), but not in awareness of the diversity of species. Fourth, there was no significant gap in science scores between the students studied according to the curriculum and those who received instructions by using the lesson plans developed in the study.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.167-180
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• 2011

The portraits created in the age of Queen Elizabeth I show a very exquisite description about the ruff collar and cuffs representing the notable evolution of periodical costumes from a detailed viewpoint. This thesis analyzes the ruff collar and cuffs of the portraits of Queen Elizabeth I. The method used selects 32 pieces from the portraits of Queen Elizabeth I that are considered excellent depictions of a ruff collar and cuffs, to investigate size, form and decorations. Conclusively, the ruff collar tends to be extremely enlarged and thickened (coinciding with the development of glue) while the cuffs denote the aspect of double cuffs coupled with the turn-back cuffs without a change in size. These traits were widely shown from 1585 to 1587, while after 1588 the ruff cuffs completely disappeared in the portraits of Elizabeth I. At the same time, the change of a ruff collar was remarkable, the collar being in the erect position behind the head (with the use of supporters), of a consistent thickness and decoration of elaborate lace. During the transition period from the $16^{th}$ century to the $17^{th}$ century the earliest change was in cuffs followed by collars. This research is a helpful guide to detect the relatively exact date of portraits not definitively identified in the latter part of the $16^{th}$ century and to observe the microscopic evolution of costumes in the latter part of the $16^{th}$ century.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2008

The Gold-spotted pond frog, Rana plancyi chosenica, designated as a vulnerable species by IUCN Red list. This species is a typical example facing local population threats and extinction due to human activities in South Korea. A strategic conservation plan for this endangered species is urgently needed. In order to provide information for future conservation planning, accurate information on the genetic diversity and taxonomic status is needed for the establishment of conservation units for this species. In this study, we used a molecular genetic approach using the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and control region sequences to find the genetic diversity of gold-spotted pond frogs within South Korea. We sequenced the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b gene and control region of 77 individuals from 11 populations in South Korea, and one from Chongqing, China. A total of 15 cytochrome b gene haplotypes and 34 control region haplotypes were identified from Korean gold-spotted pond frogs. Mean sequence diversity among Korean gold-spotted pond frogs was 0.31% (0.0-0.8%) and 0.51% (0.0-1.0%), respectively. Most Korean populations had at least one unique haplotype for each locus. The Taean, Ansan and Cheongwon populations had no haplotypes shared with other populations. There was a sequence divergence between Korean and Chinese gold-spotted pond frogs (1.3% for cyt b; 2.9% for control region). Analysis of genetic distances and phylogenetic trees based on both cytochrome b and control region sequences indicate that the Korean gold-spotted pond frog are genetically differentiated from those in China.

• Nano
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.1850126.1-1850126.10
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• 2018

Flexible strain sensors, as the core member of the family of smart electronic devices, along with reasonable sensing range and sensitivity plus low cost, have rose a huge consumer market and also immense interests in fundamental studies and technological applications, especially in the field of biomimetic robots movement detection and human health condition monitoring. In this paper, we propose a new flexible strain sensor based on thick CVD graphene film and its low-cost fabrication strategy by using the commercial adhesive tape as flexible substrate. The tensile tests in a strain range of ~30% were implemented, and a gage factor of 30 was achieved under high strain condition. The optical microscopic observation with different strains showed the evolution of cracks in graphene film. Together with commonly used platelet overlap theory and percolation network theory for sensor resistance modeling, we established an overlap destructive resistance model to analyze the sensing mechanism of our devices, which fitted the experimental data very well. The finding of difference of fitting parameters in small and large strain ranges revealed the multiple stage feature of graphene crack evolution. The resistance fallback phenomenon due to the viscoelasticity of flexible substrate was analyzed. Our flexible strain sensor with low cost and simple fabrication process exhibits great potential for commercial applications.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.115-128
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• 2019

Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) are being faced with rapid changes in their business environments due to evolution of technologies and innovation in societal eco-systems. Particularly, dynamic interactions between such environments and enterprise activities have become significant, so technology planning, which is a process of identifying appropriate directions regarding product and technology development, has received much attention to cope with such dynamics proactively. However, SMEs typically have limits in performing independent, strategical and systematical technology planning activities due to the lack of human, material and financial resources. This paper proposes the development of a product roadmapping method so that SMEs carry out efficient technology planning activities with interconnections of external business environments. The present work provides product roadmap templates that directly accommodate the influence of business environments on the product's system and its associated super/sub-systems with the use of external environment analysis techniques including TRIZ methodology, PEST and 5Forces analysis. These templates are useful to efficiently forecast the directions of product's development and evolution, which arise from changes in external environments. Consequently, the present work enables SMEs to flexibly cope with the era of the next R&D generation, which pursues value creation through mutual interconnection between business environments and technology development.