• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2013

In eukaryotes, most of the genome are transcribed, however only a small proportion of total transcripts encodes for protein, thus resulting in many of noncoding RNAs. In order to recover DNA damage including DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) eukaryotes have evolved complex mechanisms and these are processed through coordinated mechanisms of protein sensors, transducers, and effectors including RNAs. During recent years, small RNAs have been increasingly studied and gradually considered as key regulators in various aspects of biology. Upon DNA damage, small RNAs including diRNAs (DSB induced RNA) are generated in both plant and human cell lines. Inhibition of their biogenesis has severe influence on DSB repair system.

• BMB Reports
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.35-46
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• 2020

Despite enduring diverse insults, mitochondria maintain normal functions through mitochondrial quality control. However, the failure of mitochondrial quality control resulting from excess damage and mechanical defects causes mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to various human diseases. Recent studies have reported that mitochondrial defects are found in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and worsen AD symptoms. In AD pathogenesis, mitochondrial dysfunction-driven generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their contribution to neuronal damage has been widely studied. In contrast, studies on mitochondrial dysfunction-associated inflammatory responses have been relatively scarce. Moreover, ROS produced upon failure of mitochondrial quality control may be linked to the inflammatory response and influence the progression of AD. Thus, this review will focus on inflammatory pathways that are associated with and initiated through defective mitochondria and will summarize recent progress on the role of mitochondria-mediated inflammation in AD. We will also discuss how reducing mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated inflammation could affect AD.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book II
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• pp.448-455
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• 2003

Because cosmetics are applied directly to human skin, contamination of such products by microorganisms should be carefully avoided. Since cosmetics are usually kept at room temperature and contain large amounts of nitrogen and carbon sources, they may easily become contaminated by a variety of microorganisms, such as bacteria, filamentous fungi, and yeasts. The rapid and accurate identification of these microorganisms is essential to prevent further expansion of such contamination and the damage it causes. However, more than 30 days and laboratory skills are usually necessary in order to identify microorganisms in cosmetic materials. These time and labor constraints may allow further damage of the cosmetic products and thereby harm the consumer.(omitted)

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.176-176
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• 2003

Cigarette smoke is a complex mixture of thousands of compounds, many of which are known or suspected human carcinogens. A preventive effect of the consumption of vegetables or fruits on various types of cancer has been confirmed from numerous studies.(omitted)

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.113-124
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• 2009

Aging is a multifaceted biological process that affects all organs and organ systems of the body. This review provides an up-to-date analysis of this highly exciting, rapidly changing field of science. The aging process is largely under genetic control but is highly responsive to diverse environmental influences. The genes that control aging are those that are involved with cell maintenance, cell damage and repair. The environmental factors that accelerate aging are those that influence either damage of cellular macromolecules, or interfere with their repair. Prominent among these are chronic inflammation, chronic infection, some metallic chemicals, ultraviolet light, and others that heighten oxidative stress. Other environment factors slow the aging process. Included among these agents are resveratrol and vitamin D. In addition, dietary restriction and exercise have been found to extend human lifespan. The various mechanisms whereby all these agents exert their influence on aging include epigenetic modification, chromatin maintenance, protection of telomeres, and anti-oxidant defense, among others. The complex process of aging remains under continued, intense investigation.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.271-281
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• 2010

Brazing fitting which is one of the aircraft hydraulic power system components is widely used for saving weight and achieving higher reliability. Any inherent defects or damage of fitting can cause system failure and/or physical damage of human body due to highly pressurized fluid. Radiographic testing(RT) technique and additional micro-structure investigation on cut-away surfaces have been accomplished to find out some defect-like-inhomogeneity in the fittings. The radiography results showed that some defect-like-inhomogeneity existed inside body. Additional micro-structure investigation on cut-away surface reveals that the inhomogeneity is due to internal voids. In this study, it can be is said that RT technique can be a useful tool for field acceptance test of hydraulic brazing fitting in short time.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2008

무선 센서 네트워크 관련 응용 시스템은 환경오염, 건물통제, 홈 오토메이션 등의 역할을 수행할 것으로 예상된다. 본 논문에서는 지하철 역사 내 인명 및 화재 피해 등을 줄이기 위한 무선 센서 네트워크 기반의 지하철 응급 상황 조치 시스템에 대해 기술한다. 본 시스템의 센서 노드는 온도, 조도, 연기, 인체 감지 등을 통해 지하철 역사내 발생 할 수 있는 사고를 실시간 감지한다. 이러한 실시간 센서 감지와 무선 네트워킹을 통해 인명과 재산의 피해를 최소화 하고자 한다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.577-581
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• 2006

Oxidative mechanisms are thought to have a major role in cataract formation and diabetic complications. Antioxidant enzymes play an essential role in the antioxidant system of the cells that work to maintain low steady-state concentrations of the reactive oxygen species. When HLE-B3 cells, a human lens cell line were exposed to 50-100 mM glucose for 3 days, decrease of viability, inactivation of antioxidant enzymes, and modulation of cellular redox status were observed. Significant increase of cellular oxidative damage reflected by lipid peroxidation and DNA damage were also found. The glycation-mediated inactivation of antioxidant enzymes may result in the perturbation of cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms and subsequently lead to a pro-oxidant condition and may contribute to various pathologies associated with the long term complications of diabetes.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.694-701
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• 2021

Catastrophic events cause casualties, damage property, and lead to huge social impacts. To build common standards and facilitate international communications regarding disasters, the relevant authorities in social management rank them in subjectively imposed terms such as direct economic losses and loss of life. Terrorist attacks involving uncertain human factors, which are roughly graded based on the rule of property damage, are even more difficult to interpret and assess. In this paper, we collected 114 183 open-source records of terrorist attacks and used a machine learning method to grade them synthetically in an automatic and objective way. No subjective claims or personal preferences were involved in the grading, and each derived common factor contains the comprehensive and rich information of many variables. Our work presents a new automatic ranking approach and is suitable for a broad range of gradation problems. Furthermore, we can use this model to grade all such attacks globally and visualize them to provide new insights.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.490-500
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• 2022

Aging is defined as physiological dysfunction of the body and a key risk factor for human diseases. During the aging process, cellular senescence occurs in response to various extrinsic and intrinsic factors such as radiation-induced DNA damage, the activation of oncogenes, and oxidative stress. These senescent cells accumulate in many tissues and exhibit diverse phenotypes, such as resistance to apoptosis, production of senescence-associated secretory phenotype, cellular flattening, and cellular hypertrophy. They also induce abnormal dysfunction of the microenvironment and damage neighboring cells, eventually causing harmful effects in the development of various chronic diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, pharmacological interventions targeting senescent cells, called senotherapeutics, have been extensively studied. These senotherapeutics provide a novel strategy for extending the health span and improving age-related diseases. In this review, we discuss the current progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of senotherapeutics and provide insights for developing senotherapeutics.