• 제목/요약/키워드: human capital

검색결과 716건 처리시간 0.032초

The Differential Benefits of Reputed Generalists CEOs over Tenure

  • Koo, Kwang-Joo
    • 아태비즈니스연구
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.87-105
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    • 2021
  • Purpose - The purpose of this study was to explores how CEO general human capital, one of the most critical issues in recent research, affects compensation schemes. Design/methodology/approach - This study collected the CEOs of S&P500 companies from 2001 to 2009 and contains 4,155 CEO-firm-year observations and 704 different CEOs. Findings - First, only contingent bonus is affected by general human capital and reputation. Second, the career concerns of CEOs are relevant, especially when explaining CEO tenure. Third, we offer an alternative view of what determines the level of cash compensation schemes and the factors that affect the running of a firm. Fourth, we also suggest that the increase in general human capital can be explained by the increase in its relative importance in managing a modern firm. Overall, the results of this study do not only contribute to academics but also important to boards and shareholders. Research implications or Originality - This study intends to fill the gap in the extant literature by examining the relationship between general human capital and compensation schemes.First, we add to the compensation literature by arguing that a cash compensation scheme is efficient for generalist CEOs. We break down CEO cash compensation schemes into fixed and contingent bonus compensation and investigate whether general human capital differentially affects CEO cash compensation schemes, and thus, the sensitivity to unequal pay for human capital. Second, we contribute to the reputation literature by arguing that CEO perceived reputation also affects CEO compensation schemes.

성별 노동시장 참가패턴이 임금격차에 미치는 효과 (The Effect of the Male-Female's Labor Market Participated Pattern on the Wage Differentials in Korea)

  • 주성환;최준혜
    • 노동경제논집
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    • 제24권2호
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    • pp.63-94
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    • 2001
  • 인간자본론에 의하면 노동자들간의 임금격차는 인간자본 축적량의 차이에 의해 설명될 수 있는데, 인간자본스톡의 정도는 개인의 선택에 의해 결정된다. 그러나 만일 인간자본스톡에 대한 개인의 선택, 즉 인간자본에 대한 투자결정이 차별에서 영향을 받는다고 하면 인간자본스톡에 근거한 남녀간 임금격차의 설명은 편의를 갖게 된다. 대다수 여성의 경우 노동시장참가가 불연속적으로 이루어지므로 이를 예상(기대)하는 여성이 남성에 비하여 인간자본에 대한 투자를 상대적으로 적게 한다면, 남녀 임금격차를 설명하기 위해서 인간자본스톡변수 대신에 기대(expected) 인간자본스톡변수를 사용하는 것이 편의의 발생을 줄이고 더 정확한 분석결과를 얻을 수 있을 것이다.

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Why Standard Measures of Human Capital are Misleading

  • HANUSHEK, ERIC A.
    • KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.22-39
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    • 2015
  • After a long, dormant period, recent attention has turned to a variety of measurement issues surrounding the concept of human capital. The traditional approach of rely entirely on measures of school attainment, while convenient, is almost certainly misleading. The availability of cognitive skills measures greatly improves on these measurements, but there remains also concern about other unmeasured factors, including noncognitive skills. This paper considers alternative approaches to assessing the role of human capital on individual earnings and on economic growth.

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Technology Innovation, Human Capital and R&D Effects on Economic Growth

  • Lim, Woo-Ri;Yi, Chae-Deug
    • 국제지역연구
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.201-219
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    • 2017
  • This paper analyzes the economic effects of the S&T Innovation, R&D, human resources and investment on the economic growth using 18 countries. We have obtained the somewhat mixed results on the existence of unit root roots in variables. While most of Pedroni cointegration tests show that there are no panel cointegration among the variables, Kao cointegration test shows that there is the panel cointegration among the variables such as GDP, human capital, R&D investment and patent. Kao cointegration test result shows that human capital, R&D investment, patent economic growth seem to have the panel cointegration or the long-run relationship among them as a whole. The estimation results of individual OLS and panel estimation show that the human capital, R&D investment and technology innovation or patent had positively significant effects on economic growth or GDP.

전략적지향성이 지적자본과 기업성과에 미치는 영향 (The Effects of Strategic Orientation on Intellectual Capital and Firm Performance)

  • 문영백;김상현
    • 지식경영연구
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    • 제13권5호
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    • pp.15-41
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    • 2012
  • Recently, there has been increasing interests on strategic orientation and intellectual capital as measures of competitiveness and their impacts on firm performance. However, there was little research which verify empirically the relationships among strategic orientation, intellectual capital and firm peformance. This research scrutinizes the effects of strategic orientaion on intellectual capital and firm performance. Based on literature review, research model and hypotheses are developed and empirically tested. The results are as follows. First, market orientaion and entrepreneurial orientation have positive effects on human capital, structural capital and customer capital which compose intellectual capital. Second, market orientaion and entrepreneurial orientation do not influence firm performance directly, but indirectly influence firm performace via intellectual capital. Third, the hypothesis about the relationship between intellectual capital and firm performacne is partially accepted. Only customer capital affects firm performance. Discussions and implications are followed.

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한국여성의 ′인적자본′이 취업에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구 (The Effect, of Korean Women′s Human Capital on the Employments)

  • 박수미
    • 한국인구학
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.113-143
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    • 2002
  • 이 연구는 개인들의 노동공급행위를 설명하는 중요한 이론 중 하나인 '인적자본론'이 여성들의 취업특성을 설명하는 데에 여전히 유효한지에 대한 문제제기에서 출발했다. 구체적으로 이 연구는 여성들이 지닌 인적자본이 여성들의 취업결정과 취업직종에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 경험적으로 분석했다. 이 연구에서 살펴보고자 하는 가설은 크게 두 가지로서, 첫째는 여성들의 인적자본이 여성들의 취업률에는 어떤 영향을 미치는지이며, 둘째는 여성들의 인적 자본이 여성들의 취업직종에는 어떤 영향을 미치는지이다. 한국사회 고학력 여성들의 경제활동참여율이 매우 저조하다는 데에서 알 수 있듯이, 여성들이 지닌 인적자본이 여성들의 취업률에 별다른 영향을 미치지 못할 것이라는 점이 이 연구의 주된 가설이다 하지만 일단 취업을 한 여성들의 경우에는 그들이 갖고 있는 인적자본이 취업직종에서는 상당한 설명력을 지닐 것으로 여겨져 이러한 내용으로 두 번째 가설이 구성되었다. 분석 결과, 가설에서 설정한 대로 인적자본론의 이론적 예측과 달리, 여성들의 취업결정에 인적자본은 별다른 영향을 미치지 못하거나 혹은 정반대로 부(-)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 가장 중요한 인적자본 중의 하나인 '학력'의 효과를 살펴보면, 학력이 높을수록 뚜렷하게 일률적으로 취업률이 낮아짐을 확인해 볼 수 있었다. 그밖에, 여성들이 지닌 자격증이나 취업 훈련 여부, 또 건강 상태 등과 같은 인적자본 요소도 여성들의 취업결정에는 별다른 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다 한편 인적자본은 여성들의 취업직종에는 상당한 정도의 정(+)적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났지만. 이 분석결과도 실질적인 내용을 따져보니 그다지 유효한 영향 효과라고 보기 어려웠다 취업직종과 연령 및 학력과의 회귀분석 결과 여성 취업직종의 열악한 상황을 재확인해 볼 수 있었다. 따라서 한국사회 여성들의 인적자본은 여성들의 취업 결정 및 취업유형에 의미있는 변수가 되지 못한다고 할 수 있다.

최고경영진의 인적 및 사회적 자본이 정부의 R&D 지원제도 활용과 초기 성과에 미치는 영향 (Top Management's Human and Social Capital Effect on Governmental R&D Support System Utilization and Success)

  • 김제금;황희중;송인암
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제13권6호
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    • pp.71-78
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    • 2015
  • Purpose - This study attempts to analyze whether or not there are characteristics among the top management of companies that promote corporate performance at venture companies. It investigates the characteristics of the human and social capital that are inherent in top management at a venture company and conducts an empirical analysis of hypotheses examining if these characteristics will affect utilization of the governmental R&D support system as well as affect the firm's initial success. Research design, data, and methodology - This study conducted theoretical and empirical research together to accomplish the goal of the study. The pilot study researched human capital and social capital as the independent variables; the governmental R&D support system as the parameter; and, the initial success as the dependent variable. The empirical study carried out research on the model, establishment of hypotheses, and the statistical treatment. A survey was conducted targeting top management of high-tech venture companies in Daedeok Innopolis; 500 questionnaires were distributed; and, 222 were collected. Results - The human and social capital inherent in top management at venture companies in the early stages of their existence become good evaluation data for those who are invested in similar resources. If top management includes strong human and social capital, access to external resources will be easier; these will have a positive influence on the selection of overnmental support systems; and, this proper support will also have a positive influence on the initial success of the venture company. The results revealed the following. First, it was found that when the educational level and functional background, (the top management human capital), are the output function, top management human capital had a significant influence on selection of governmental R&D support funds. Second, it was found that the internal social capital and external social capital, (the top management social capital), had a significant influence on selection of governmental R&D support tasks. Third, it was found that selection of the governmental R&D support tasks at the start of the venture company had a positive influence on the corporate financial performance such as sales, business profits, and the increase in workers; and, had a significant influence on nonfinancial performance such as market share, competitive position, product competitiveness, and the future product development. Conclusions - Selection of the governmental R&D support system is not recognized as part of the direct sales of a venture company in its early stages, but as it can reduce costs for technical development and helps significantly in creating test products and mass production, it has a positive influence on the company's financial performance and nonfinancial performance as a result. Therefore, companies should take great efforts to frequently be selected as a candidate in the governmental R&D support system, as it can help facilitate R&D that requires extensive funds. As a result, companies can expect effects such as job creation and patent applications and they can advance future product sales.

Intellectual Capital and Innovation Capability: A Strategy for Achieving Competitive Advantage

  • OYELAKIN, Oyekunle;ABBA, Maryam Tijjani;ADAMU, Ahmed;BABAN-MAIRAM, Munir;NA'ANMAN, Sallah Boniface;FAKAH, Henrietta
    • 4차산업연구
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.11-23
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    • 2022
  • Purpose - The ability to meet the high demand for education in Nigeria is lacking, making the region remain backwards in education. Given this reason, the study investigates the role of innovation capability in the relationship between intellectual capital and competitive advantage in tertiary institutions in Nigeria. Research design, data, and methodology - The study is cross-sectional research, a total of 427 questionnaires were administered to respondents. The study distributed its questionnaire across 12 faculties at the University of Ibadan using a random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using ADANCO 2.1.1. Result - The study reveals that human capital, structural capital, relational capital, and innovation capability positively affect competitive advantage. Innovation capability mediates the relationship between human capital and relational capital. However, structural capital was not mediated by innovation capability. Conclusion - The study concludes that intellectual capitals and innovation capability are crucial to maintaining a competitive advantage over their peers. Achieving more significant success in the variables mentioned earlier will help Nigeria's tertiary institutions compete locally and internationally.

Innovation Culture and Process in Mediating Human Capital Supply Chain on Firm Performance

  • MUAFI, Muafi;SISWANTI, Yuni;DIHARTO, Awan Kostrad;SALSABIL, Imanirrahma
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제7권9호
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    • pp.593-602
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the effect of human capital supply chain on the firm performance mediated by innovation culture and innovation process on small- and medium-sized construction enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. A survey has been distributed to all construction SMEs that have direct involvement in construction work (contractors and subcontractors). The construction SMEs including medium- and small-scale construction services in three Provinces, namely, the special region of Yogyakarta, East Java, and Central Java. Through purposive sampling technique, primary data is collected by giving a questionnaire to the owner/manager of construction SMEs. The target sample in this study was 200 respondents who have been operating for a minimum of two years. 154 valid questionnaires could be processed. Data analysis uses structural equation modeling with AMOS 24. The results of the study conclude that there is a positive effect on human capital supply chain on firm performance mediated by innovation culture and innovation process, while innovation culture does not affect firm performance. In sum, the innovation culture mediates the relationship between human capital supply chain and firm performance, and the innovation process mediates the relationship between human capital supply chain and firm performance.

The Relationship between Foreign Direct Investment and Local Economic Growth: A Case Study of Binh Dinh Province, Vietnam

  • LE, Bao;NGO, Thi Thanh Thuy;NGUYEN, Ngoc Tien;NGUYEN, Duy Thuc
    • The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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    • 제8권4호
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    • pp.33-42
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    • 2021
  • This study aims to investigate the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth at the provincial level by using time-series data in Binh Dinh from 1997 to 2019. We applied the quantitative approaches Vector Autoregression (VAR) and Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL) in the model, which includes economic growth, real foreign direct investment capital, ratio of trained workers, and infrastructure. The results show that all these variables are stationary at the first difference. In ARDL analysis, we found that the economic growth positively affects FDI attraction. However, there is no evidence of the effect of FDI on economic growth in the condition of low capital implemented. Moreover, findings also show that the impact of FDI on economic growth is influenced by two factors: infrastructure and human capital. The lack of human capital, which is trained personnel and infrastructure, is the main barrier hindering and inhibiting FDI's contribution to local economic growth. In order to improve the efficiency of FDI on economic growth in the future, it is suggested that the Binh Dinh government should have proper policies in terms of the infrastructure, the human capital investment. They would allow Binh Dinh to enhance the capital absorptive capacity and capital efficiency.