• KSBB Journal
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.579-591
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• 2001

The cell growth inhibitor effect of cervical cancer cells was investigated by liposome mediated transfection (pRcCMVp53/lipofectin) and by transfection using adenovirus (AdCMVp57). The papilloma virus cancer cell lines we used in this study were HPV16 positive, having inhibiter gene, wild p53 gene, CaSki, SiHa, HPV18 positive HeLa, HeLaS3 and HPV negative C33A, HT3. LacZ gene of E.coli was used as the marker gene for the transfection efficiency. The effect on the inhibition of tumor cell growth was measured by cell count and cell viability though ELISA analysis and MTT assay. The inhibition of tumor cell growth was confirmed by measuring each assay for six days, comparing with the normal control cell growth. The cell growth of cervical cancer calls by transfection was significantly reduced and showed tittle differences among the cell lines. To eliminate the potential problem of Ad(adenovirus) contamination during rAAV production, rAAV can be produced by a triple transfection of vector plasmic, packaging plasmid, and adenovirus helper plasmid. To examine the helper functions of Ad plasmids on the production of rAAV vector, we carried out cotransfection of three plasmids, AAV vector, packaging construct, and Ad helper plasmids. The optimized transfection condition for calcium phosphate method is 25ug of total DNA per 10-cm-diameter plate of 293 cell. We found that rAAV yields peaked at 48hr after Ad infection. The titer of rAAV was measured by the dot blot analysis to measure the number of particles/ml based on the quantification of viral DNA. Recent1y, Kombucha(fungi) was identified as a very potent antileukefic agent. In the present study, effect of natural toxin(plankton) and Kombucha is PSP(GTXI-3, neoSTX), on various MTT assay cervical cancer cell line. Toxin(GTX 1-3, neoSTX) also inhibited the proliferation in primary cervical cancer calls in a dose-dependent toxin concentration. These results showed that toxin was very potent in inhibiting the proliferation of cervical cancer calls in vitro. Toxins and Kombuoha exhibited a dose dependent inhibition of cellular proliferation in cancer cell line.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.16
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• pp.6627-6632
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• 2014

Purpose: The present study concerns molecular mechanisms involved in induction of apoptosis by a fungal taxol extracted from the fungus Cladosporium oxysporum in T47D human breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Apoptosis-induced by the fungal taxol was assessed by MTT assay, nuclear staining, DNA fragmentation, flow cytometry and pro- as well as anti-apoptotic protein expression by Western blotting. Results: Our results showed inhibition of T47D cell proliferation with an $IC_{50}$ value of $2.5{\mu}M/ml$ after 24 h incubation. It was suggested that the extract may exert its anti-proliferative effect on human breast cancer cell line by suppressing growth, arresting through the cell cycle, increase in DNA fragmentation as well as down-regulation of the expression of NF-${\kappa}B$, Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL and up-regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins like Bax, cyt-C and caspase-3. Conclusions: We propose that the fungal taxol contributes to growth inhibition in the human breast cancer cell through apoptosis induction via a mitochondrial mediated pathway, with possible potential as an anticancer therapeutic agent.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.2985-2989
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• 2014

Autophagy is a self-digestion process in which intracellular structures are degraded in response to stress. Notably, prolonged autophagy leads to cell death. In this study, we investigated whether CX-4945, an orally available protein kinase 2 (CK2) inhibitor, induces autophagic cell death in human cervical cancer-derived HeLa cells and in human prostate cancer-derived LNCaP cells. CX-4945 treatment of both cell lines resulted in the formation of autophagosomes, in the conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), and in down-regulation of the Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K) signaling cascade. Thus, pharmacologic inhibition of CK2 by CX-4945 induced autophagic cell death in human cancer cells by down-regulating Akt-mTOR-S6K. These results suggest that autophagy-inducing agents have potential as anti-cancer drugs.

• BMB Reports
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• v.56 no.10
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• pp.557-562
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• 2023

Dysregulation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin has been linked to various human cancers, indicating that Parkin is a tumor suppressor protein. However, the mechanisms of action of Parkin remain unclear to date. Thus, we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of action of Parkin as a tumor suppressor in human lung and colorectal cancer cells. Results showed that Parkin overexpression reduced the viability of A549 human lung cancer cells by inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest. In addition, Parkin caused DNA damage and ATM (Ataxia telangiectasia mutated) activation, which subsequently led to p53 activation. It also induced the p53-mediated upregulation of p21 and downregulation of cyclin B1. Moreover, Parkin suppressed the proliferation of HCT-15 human colorectal cancer cells by a mechanism similar to that in A549 lung cancer cells. Taken together, our results suggest that the tumor-suppressive effects of Parkin on lung and colorectal cancer cells are mediated by DNA damage/p53 activation/cyclin B1 reduction/cell cycle arrest.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2004

Curcumin, a natural compound extracted from rhizomes of Curcuma longa, has been shown to possess potent anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity. The mechanism by which curcumin initiates apoptosis remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of curcumin on caspase-3 activity and protein expression of procaspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax, total Akt and phosphorylated Akt in SW480 human colon cancer cell. We cultured SW480 cells in the presence of various concentrations (0, 10, 20 or 30 uM) of curcumin. Curcumin inhibited colon cancer cell growth in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Caspase-3 activity was significantly increased dose-dependently in cells treated with curcumin (p < 0.05), concisely procaspase-3 expression was significantly decreased. Bcl-2 levels were decreased dose-dependently in cells treated with curcumin (p < 0.05), but Ben remained unchanged. In addition, phosphorylated Akt levels and total Akt levels were markedly lower in cells treated with 20 uM of curcumin treatment (p < 0.05), In conclusion, we have shown that curcumin inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in SW480 human colon cancer cell lines via Akt signal pathway.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.11
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• pp.52-57
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• 2008

Objectives. In this study, we investigate that methanol extract of Euphorbiae lathyridis Semen contributes to growth inhibitory effect on the HT-29 human colon cancer cells. Methods. Euphorbiae lathyridis Semen (ELS) was extracted with 80% methanol. HT-29 cells were treated with different concentrations of ELS extract for 24-72 hrs. Growth inhibitory effect was determined by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was determined by surveying caspases cascades activation using Western blot. Cell cycle arrest was analyzed by flow cytometry with PI staining. Results. Exposure to ELS extract showed in inhibitory effects on HT-29 cell growth as a dose-dependent manner. Cell growth inhibition by ELS extract was related with induction of cell apoptosis with DNA fragmentation through the activation of caspases-3, caspase-9 and PARP cleavage. Conclusion. ELS extract significantly inhibited cell growth and induced cell apoptosis in HT-29 human colon cancer cells, therefore, These results suggest that ELS extract can be used as chemoprevention agent of colon cancers.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.4357-4361
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• 2015

Thunbergia Laurifolia Linn. (TL) is one of the most familiar plants in Thai traditional medicine that is used to treat various conditions, including cancer. However, the antitumor activity of TL or its constituents has never been reported at the molecular level to support the folklore claim. The present study was designed to investigate the antitumor effect of an aqueous extract of TL in human breast cancer cells and the possible mechanism(s) of action. An aqueous crude extract was prepared from dried leaves of TL. Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric assays were used to determine the total phenolic content. Antiproliferative and cell cycle effects were evaluated in human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells by MTT reduction assay, cell growth inhibition, clonogenic cell survival, and flow cytometric analysis. Free radical generation by the extracts was detected using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The exposure of human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells to a TL aqueous extract resulted in decreases in cell growth, clonogenic cell survival, and cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner with an $IC_{50}$ value of $843{\mu}g/ml$. Treatments with extract for 24h at $250{\mu}g/ml$ or higher induced cell cycle arrest as indicated by a significant increase of cell population in the G1 phase and a significant decrease in the S phase of the cell cycle. The capability of the aqueous extract to generate radical intermediates was observed at both high pH and near-neutral pH conditions. The findings suggest the antitumor bioactivities of TL against selected breast cancer cells may be due to induction of a G1 cell cycle arrest. Cytotoxicity and cell cycle perturbation that are associated with a high concentration of the extract could be in part explained by the total phenolic contents in the extract and the capacity to generate radical intermediates to modulate cellular proliferative signals.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.437-442
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• 2015

Aim: To establish a pancreatic cancer stem cell model using human pancreatic cancer cells in nude mice to provide a platform for pancreatic cancer stem cell research. Materials and Methods: To establish pancreatic cancer xenografts using human pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990, nude mice were randomly divided into control and gemcitabine groups. When the tumor grew to a volume of $125mm^3$, they treated with gemcitabine at a dose of 50mg/kg by intraperitoneal injection of 0.2ml in the gemcitabine group, while the mice in control group were treated with the same volume of normal saline. Gemcitabine was given 2 times a week for 3 times. When the model was established, the proliferation of pancreatic cancer stem cells was observed by clone formation assay, and the protein and/or mRNA expression of pancreatic stem cell surface markers including CD24, CD44, CD133, ALDH, transcription factors containing Oct-4, Sox-2, Nanog and Gli, the key nuclear transcription factor in Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway was detected by Western blot and/or RT-PCR to verify the reliability of this model. Results: This model is feasible and safe. During the establishment, no mice died and the weight of nude mice maintained above 16.5g. The clone forming ability in gemcitabine group was stronger than that of the control group (p<0.01). In gemcitabine group, the protein expression of pancreatic cancer stem cell surface markers including CD44, and ALDH was up-regulated, the protein and mRNA expression of nuclear transcription factor including Oct-4, Sox-2 and Nanog was also significantly increased (P<0.01). In addition, the protein expression of key nuclear transcription factor in Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway, Gli-1, was significantly enhanced (p<0.01). Conclusions: The pancreatic cancer stem cell model was successfully established using human pancreatic cancer cell line SW1990 in nude mice. Gemcitabine could enrich pancreatic cancer stem cells, simultaneously accompanied by the activation of Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.162-173
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• 2006

The water-extracts of Scutellaria barbata Don (SBDE) were isolated from Chinese medicinal plant sources. The extracts showed strong growth-inhibitory activity and cancer chemopreventive activity on the growth and DNA incorporation of MG63 human osteosarcoma and K562 human leukemia cell lines. The growth of human cancer cells was inhibited in the presence of the extracts (20, 50 and 100 ${\mu}$g/ml), and the effects were concentration-dependent and incubation time-dependent up to 8 days. When 50 ${\mu}$g/ml of the extracts was added to the media of MG63 and K562, cell growth after 8 days or 6 days of incubation was retarded by 93.2 to 97.3% of the control group. Morphological changes of MG63 and K562 cell lines were observed. As the concentration of the extracts increased up to 50 ${\mu}$g/ml, degree of cell aggregation decreased. Moreover, the DNA incorporation of the cells which were labeled with [3H] thymidine was significantly reduced after 3 days of incubation at $37^{\circ}C$ with the extract. Therefore, it is suggested that the extract is highly effective on inhibition of cancer cell growth. The extract also inhibited gene expression of IGF-II in transcriptional level. Since IGF-II works as a mitogenic effector on MG63 and K562 cell lines, these results suggest that the growth inhibition is in part mediated through the inhibition of IGF-II gene expression.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.257-262
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the inhibition of human cancer cell proliferation by using various concentrations of Beet Extract containing various bioactive ingredients. The six cancer cell lines used in the experiment were prostate cancer cells DU-145, lung cancer cells A549, breast cancer cells MCF-7, cervical cancer cells HeLa, liver cancer cells SNU-182, and biliary tract cancer cells SNU-1196. Human-derived cancer cell lines were used. The inhibition of cancer cell proliferation at various concentrations of Beet Extract was measured by the CCK-8 method. As a result of examining the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, Beet Extract significantly and concentration-dependently inhibited DU145 of prostate cancer cells at all concentrations, and Lung cancer cells A549 and DU-145 of prostate cancer cells at 100ug/mL and 1000ug/mL, cervical cancer cells HeLa, and liver cancer cells SNU- 182, biliary tract cancer cell SNU-1196 showed significant proliferation inhibition at 1000ug/mL. Experiment result, the cancer cell proliferation inhibitory mechanisms of Beet Extract using various human-derived cancer cell lines can be considered to provide cancer prevention effects and the possibility of developing functional foods.