• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.1014-1020
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• 2006

This study was intended to examine the effects of electroacupuncture(EA) and therapeutic exercise on the improvement of exercise function, BNDF, and HSP70 protein expression in an ischemic stroke model induced by MCA occlusion. Experiments were conducted for 1, 3 days, 1, 8 weeks respectively. Group I was a group of EA and therapeutic exercise; Group II was a group of therapeutic exercise; Group III was a group of EA; Group IV was a sham group of EA; Group V was a control group; and Group VI was a sham group without ischemic stroke. In each group, neurologic motor behavior test, histologic observations, BDNF, and HSP70 expression were observed and analyzed. The following results were obtained. The results of behavior test suggest that 8 weeks after ischemic stroke was induced, Group I improved in degeneration and inflammation of muscle fiber and decreased in destruction of nerve cells and cerebral infarction, indicating a similar state of muscle fiber and brain to Group VI. In immunohistochemical observations, Group I showed increase in BDNF and decrease in HSP70. Based on these results, EA and therapeutic exercise may improve muscle atrophy and change in BDNF and HSP70 expression of ischemic stroke rats and contribute to the improvement of exercise function.

• Journal of Marine Life Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 2017

This study investigated physiological and hematological changes, expression of stress protein Hsp70 mRNA and oxygen consumption in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) after exposing the fish at different temperature conditions (9, 12, 15, 18 and 21℃) for 24 and 48 hours. Hematological parameters including hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb), cortisol and glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), NH₃, osmolality and total protein (TP) mostly exhibited significant changes at 9 and 12℃. The expression of Hsp70 mRNA was also higher at 9 and 12℃ than at other temperatures. The measured oxygen consumptions were also lower at 9 and 12℃ than at 21℃. It is expected that the study results could be utilized as baseline data to control water temperature during long-distance transportation, e.g. for exporting olive flounder juveniles to overseas.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.274-279
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• 2007

The toxicitiy of organic sludge such as municipal sewage sludge (MSS), industrial sewage sludge (ISS), alcohol fermentation processing sludge (AFPS) and leather processing sludge (LPS) were evaluated with three environmental biomarkers as acetylcholinesterase, cytochrome P450, and heat shock protein 70 extracted from earthworm (Eisenia fetida). Their toxicities were compared with those of pig manure compost (PMC). MSS, ISS, LPS, and AFPS did not significantly affect the acetylcolinesterase activity, whereas only the elutriate of PMC slightly was increased the activity. MSS, AFPS, and PMC tended to slightly inhibit the cytochrome $P_{450}$ activity, but ISS and LPS showed significantly the inhibitory effect on cytochrome $P_{450}$. The hsp70 expression began to increase after treatments and showed high induction at 6 hour, followed by zero level at around 12 hour. The quantity of the hsp70 expressed by elutriate treatments of PMC, AFPS, MSS, ISS, and LPS was 1.9, 3.0, 3.3, 4.4, and 4.7 fold higher than that of distilled water. These results indicate that in toxicity tests of five organic waste materials, four kinds of sludge materials appeared more toxic than PMC. Results of AChE, P450, and hsp70 of earthworm might be useful for expecting or assessing an effect by exposure of organic wastes to earthworms in soil.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.57-66
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• 2006

Ischemic stroke results from a transient or permanent reduction in cerebral blood flow that is restricted to the territory of a major brain artery. Thus, this study was performed to examine (1) the effects of swimming exercise on the improvement of muscle atrophy, and (2) exercise and HSP 70 expression in an ischemic stroke model induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The results of this study were as follows: One week after ischemic stroke was induced, changes appeared in the muscle weight of the gastrocnemius muscle due to muscle atrophy in the affected side. Group II showed statistically significant difference from group III eight weeks after ischemic stroke was induced. (p<.05). One week and eight weeks after ischemic stroke was induced there was significant decrease in the relative muscle weight of the gastrocnemius muscle in each group except Group IV, while there was statistically significant increase in group II eight weeks after ischemic stroke was induced, compared to group III (p<.05). For neurologic exercise behavior tests, Group II generally had the highest score, compared to other groups. In immunohistochemical observations, Group II showed a decrease in HSP 70. The above results suggest that swimming exercise improved muscle atrophy, changed the HSP 70 expression of ischemic stroke in rats, and contributed to the improvement of exercise function.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6011-6016
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• 2012

Introduction: Epidemiological studies suggest a protective role for ${\beta}$-carotene with several malignancies. Esophageal adenocarcinoma frequently arises from Barrett's esophagus (BE). We postulated that ${\beta}$-carotene therapy maybe protective in BE. Materials and Method: We conducted a prospective study in which 25 mg of ${\beta}$-carotene was administered daily for six-months to six patients. Each patient underwent upper endoscopy before and after therapy and multiple mucosal biopsies were obtained. Additionally, patients completed a gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms questionnaire before and after therapy and severity score was calculated. To study the effect of ${\beta}$-carotene at molecular level, tissue extracts of the esophageal mucosal biopsy were subjected to assessment of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70). Results: A significant (p<0.05) reduction in mean GERD symptoms severity score from $7.0{\pm}2.4$ to $2.7{\pm}1.7$ following ${\beta}$-carotene therapy was noted. Measurement of Barrett's segment also revealed a significant reduction in mean length after therapy. In fact, two patients had complete disappearance of intestinal metaplasia. Furthermore, marked enhancement of HSP70 expression was demonstrated in biopsy specimens from Barrett's epithelium in four cases that were tested. Conclusions: Long-term ${\beta}$-carotene therapy realizes amelioration of GERD symptoms along with restitution of the histological and molecular changes in esophageal mucosa of patients with BE, associated with concurrent increase in mucosal HSP70 expression.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1212-1219
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• 2018

The critical role of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) in tumorigenesis led to the development of several first- and second-generation Hsp90 inhibitors, which have demonstrated promising responses in cancers. In this study, we found second-generation Hsp90 inhibitor BIIB021-resistant multidrug-resistant (MDR) human cancer cells, although BIIB021 was shown to be active in first-generation Hsp90 inhibitor 17-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG)-resistant MDR cells. MCF7-MDR and HeyA8- MDR cells were more resistant to BIIB021 than their parental counterparts, indicating that BIIB021 cannot be applicable to all cancer cells expressing MDR proteins. We revealed that dimethyl-celecoxib (DMC), one of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), potentiated cytotoxicity of BIIB021 against both BIIB021-resistant and BIIB021-sensitive MDR cells. The effectiveness of NSAIDs involving celecoxib and DMC in combination with BIIB021 led to the autophagic degradation/down-regulation of mutant p53 (mutp53) that overexpressed MDR cells and the suppression of Hsp70 induction. This resulted in sensitization of MDR cells to BIIB021. Moreover, autophagy induction by sulindac sulfide, another type of NSAID, and niclosamide, an FDA-approved anthelmintic drug, potentiated 17-AAG-mediated autophagic degradation/down-regulation of mutp53 and c-Myc, client proteins of Hsp90. Therefore, our results suggest that NSAIDs and niclosamide positively enhance the anticancer activity of Hsp90 inhibitors through an autophagic pathway. They may also be new candidates for sensitizing MDR cells to Hsp90 inhibitors.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.320-329
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• 2023

Cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal found in the aquatic environment, accumulates in organisms through the food chain. In the study, we investigated the survival rates, measurement of body Cd levels, and expression analysis of the stress response genes (Heat shock protein 70: HSP70 and Heat shock protein 60: HSP60) and antioxidant enzyme Glutathione S-Transferases (GST) on benthic oligochaete worm Tubifex tubifex exposed three concentrations of Cd, to analyze the bioaccumulation and changes of stress gene expressions to exposure toxicity of the Cd-spiked sediment. Survival rates of T. tubifex exposed to the Cdspiked sediment were 93% at 0.4 mg kg^-1 Cd, 96% at 1.87 mg kg^-1 Cd, and 93% at 6.09 mg kg^-1 Cd for 10 days. Cd concentration in the body of T. tubifex was higher than that in the sediment. After Cd exposures for 10 days, the body Cd levels were 18.4 mg kg^-1, 13.06 mg kg^-1, and 79.11 mg kg^-1 at exposed three concentrations of Cd, respectively. Upregulation of HSP70 gene expression was observed at all concentrations of exposed Cd as a time-dependent manner, whereas transcriptional expression of the HSP60 gene increased as a timedependent manner in T. tubifex exposed to the relative high concentration (6.09 mg kg^-1) of Cd. However, GST gene expression increased on day 1 at all concentrations after Cd exposures, and then downregulated until 10 days. These results indicate to ecotoxicological and molecular effects in benthic oligochaete worm T. tubifex to Cd-spiked sediment and provide the basic information for the utilization of environmental toxicity assessment using the T. tubifex as a aquatic pollution indicator species.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.147-154
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• 2014

Heat stress is a significant burden to animal production in most areas of the world. Improving our knowledge of physiological and metabolic mechanisms of acclimation may contribute to the development of procedures that may help to maintain health and production efficiency under hot temperature. The effect of Ulmus pumila (UP) extract in inducing Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) expression in heat-stressed RAW264.7 macrophage cells was investigated. Cell viability assay showed a dose dependent increase in cells after treatment with UP for 24 hours. RT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that increasing concentrations of UP induce the expression of Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1) and dose dependently upregulated the expression of Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and Hsp90. LPS-induced nitric oxide was dose-dependently reduced while phagocytic activity greatly recovered with UP treatment. These data demonstrated that UP can be a potential candidate in the development of cytoprotective agent against heat stress.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) mRNA variation in hepatopancreas of abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) cultured under several acute water temperatures. Abalones were cultured at 10, 15, 20, 25 and $30^{\circ}C$, for 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours, respectively. The HSP70 mRNA expression in hepatopancreas was more increased at $30^{\circ}C$ compared to those at 10. 15, 20 (control) and $25^{\circ}C$. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was increased in hepato-pancreas at all water temperature conditions compared to the control ($20^{\circ}C$). The SOD activity at high water temperature (25 and $30^{\circ}C$) tended to be increased after 12 hours, and was increased immediately after exposure to low water temperature (10 and $15^{\circ}C$). and then was recovered to starting level after the increase. Also, catalase (CAT) activity in hepatopancreas was increased in all the groups except for at $10^{\circ}C$ than the control ($20^{\circ}C$). Survival rate of abalone was $100\%$ at 10, 15, 20 and $25^{\circ}C$, but $92\%$ at $30^{\circ}C$. Thus, according to our study, when abalone is appeared at $20^{\circ}C$, defense mechanism against stress at low water temperature can be accelerated to be stabilized at about $5^{\circ}C$. In the case of exposure of abalone to high water temperature, antioxidant enzyme and HSP70 expression were increased due to elevated physiological stimulation factor, such as temperature.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.40-48
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• 1996

We have examined the chromatin structure of the HMRE/HSP82 and HMRa/HSP82 allels using three complementary approaches : DNase I chromating footprinting, micrococcal nuclease (MNase) nucleosome-protected ladder assay, and an in vivo E. coli dam methylase accessibility assay. The footprinting results indicate that the promoter and silencer sequences are assembled into nucleoprotein complexes which exhibit no detectable change in structure, despite a 70-fold range in expression levels. In addition, the promoter region of the HMRa/HSP82 allele is cleaved randomly by MNase in all cases, indicating the absence of anonical nucleosomes over this region irrespective of SIR4 or heat-shock. Finally, no discernible difference in the accessibility of the HMRE/HSP82 locus to dam methylase in SIR4 vs. sir4 cells was seenm which again suggests that the chromatin structure of HMRE/HSP82 allele is identical regardless of SIR4. Altogether, our results indicate that in contrast to other observations of the silent mating-type loci, no discernible structural alteration is detected at either HMR/HSP82 allele regardless of SIR genetic background or transcriptional state of the gene.