• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.21-48
• /
• 2021

Promoting low carbon transportation adoption is important for energy saving. Some prior studies have discussed on environmental values affect low carbon transportation commuting is inconclusive. This study has constructed the environmental values, utility value, and social influence-based low-carbon transportation adoption model through the theory of the technology acceptance model and VBN model and the IS success model. Through the SEM model and stepwise regression analysis, we have found that environmental values positively affect utility value, and utility value also positively affects the behavior adoption of low carbon transportation. The utility value as mediating effect in the relationship between environmental values and low carbon transportation commuting behavior. Besides, we also have found that social influence positively impacts the behavior adoption of low carbon transportation. It better enhances the level of household residents' environmental values and utility values, and social influence for promoting the adoption of low carbon transportation. This present research provides theoretical guidance and suggestions for promoting the development of low-carbon transportation innovation.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제28권5B호
• /
• pp.603-614
• /
• 2008

가정용수의 용도별 사용량은 주거형태, 거주자 생활양식, 주택구조 등의 내부적인 요인과 온도, 날씨, 수도요금 등과 같은 다양한 외부요인들의 영향을 받게 된다. 장기적으로는 거주민의 생활양식, 주거형태, 수도관련 시설의 변화 등에 따라 사용량이 점진적으로 변화하게 되며, 단기적으로는 기온이나 가뭄과 같은 기후조건이나 절수정책과 같은 인위적인 영향에 의해 사용량이 크게 변화하기도 한다. 용수수요에 영향을 미치는 인자에 대한 분석과 이해는 사용량의 변화원인과 경향을 설명해주고 여러가지 인자와의 상관관계를 분석함으로서 물사용패턴과 향후 수요를 예측하는데 도움을 준다. 본 연구에서는 가정용수의 용도별 사용량 실측자료를 바탕으로 사용패턴과 사용량에 미치는 영향인자를 분석하기 위하여 요일별, 월별, 계절별 사용량을 비교하고, 또한 가구특성, 기온 등의 외부인자에 의해 영향을 받는 용도에 대해서도 살펴보았다. 가정용수의 사용패턴을 분석한 결과, 토요일에 사용량이 가장 많고, 월간 중에는 7월의 사용량이 가장 높았으며, 월별 사용량의 첨두율은 평균대비 1.12로 나타났다. 기온에 따른 용도별 사용경향에서 총량용수는 $-14^{\circ}C{\sim}0^{\circ}C$까지 물사용량이 급격하게 증가하는 경향을 보였으나, $0^{\circ}C$이상에서는 큰 변화양상을 보이지 않았다. 반면에 세면, 세탁, 욕조용수는 $0^{\circ}C$이상에서도 점진적인 증가경향을 보였으나, 변기용수는 오히려 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 기온에 대한 용도별 사용량의 상관관계 분석결과 세면용수가 상관계수 0.73으로 상관성이 가장 높았으며, 변기용수는 -0.14로 매우 낮은 음의 상관성을 보였다. 각 인자별로 가정용수 사용량 원단위의 차이에 대한 유의성 여부를 검토하기 위하여 주택유형, 실거주인수, 가족구성, 건평, 수입, 맞벌이여부, 절수형변기, 비데기유무 등에 대하여 분산분석을 수행한 결과, 주택유형의 경우 욕조용수의 사용량에 차이가 발견되었고, 실거주인수는 싱크대, 변기, 기타, 총량용수에서 유의한 차이가 발견되었다. 특히 실거주인수는 세면과 욕조를 제외한 모든 용도별 사용량에서 유의한 차이를 보여 거주인수의 증감에 따라 용도별 사용량의 차이가 분명히 발생하며, 이는 향후 가구당 용수사용량을 설계하는 경우 평균 거주인수에 대한 신중한 검토가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다. 이러한 가정용수의 용도별 사용특성 분석결과는 수요예측, 수요관리 정책수립, 수도관련 기자재 및 시설의 규격결정 등에 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.57-68
• /
• 2014

Since the introduction of National Health Insurance(NHI) in 1977, it has grown rapidly and contributed to extend patient's access to the health care services. However, limited coverage for health care services of NHI has been ongoing challenge and private health insurance(PHI) has been rising as an alternative source of enhancing coverage and saving out-of-pocket(OOP) expenditure for patients. In this study, after controlling for socio-demographic, economic, health related variables, we identified the patients' healthcare utilization and subsequent OOP expenditure depending on their PHI enrollment and their enrollment types(fixed benefit, indemnity, fixed benefit plus indemnity). Data were collected from the 2010 Korean Health Panel. The unit of analysis was a member of household(n=13,324). Of the 13,324 cases, 70.7% of patients held PHI, in detail, fixed benefit(47.0%), indemnity(3.6%), fixed benefit plus indemnity(20.1%). Major findings showd that patients who enrolled in PHI used more outpatient services(outpatient visit, number of physician visit, number of examination) and spent more OOP expenditure than non-PHI patients. There were also differences of healthcare utilization and OOP expenditure among the types of PHI. In addition, PHI patients used more inpatient services(inpatient use, number of hospitalization, LOS), but there was no significant difference between PHI and non-PHI patients with regard to the OOP expenditure. Thus, we could not find any distinct relationship between the types of PHI and patients' tertiary hospital use. Policy-makers should need careful political deliberation for monitoring the effect of PHI on health care utilization and subsequent expenditure not only to improve patients' coverage but also to save their OOP expenditures.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
• /
• 제22권12호
• /
• pp.1237-1242
• /
• 2012

No matter how low it might be, noise from home appliances in indoor environment cause displeasure for residents as it is produced nearby. Electronic goods including vacuum cleaner and washing machine generate high frequency noise, which interrupts TV-watching or conversations and cause noises between floors in apartment houses. In particular, refrigerators make constant noise late at night, hampering the study for exams and causing sleeplessness. Korea, despite the government's efforts to promote low-noise goods based on the noise test by corporation, there is a lack of standardization in the test method, test condition and measuring equipments. This is a major reason that lowers the reliability of low-noise products. At present, low-noise home appliances are certified with eco labeling in the nation but, only 7 brands of refrigerators, 4 brands of washing machines and 97 brands of air-conditioners obtained certification as of august, 2011. In addition, none of Kimchi-refrigerator and vacuum cleaner brands were approved as low-noise home appliances. This shows Korea's relatively underdeveloped market for low-noise products, which, in part, is because of the difficulties companies face in being certified with eco labeling as they should satisfy various requirements such as power-saving and eco-friendly design besides low-noise features. As a result, low-noise labeling for home appliances should be established for the revised noise and vibration management law and the study was carried out to establish low-noise labeling system for major noise sources including vacuum cleaner, washing machine, air-conditioner and refrigerator.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.89-98
• /
• 2001

2003년과 2005년 각각 하수슬러지 및 음식물쓰레기 직매립이 금지되는 시기에 지렁이를 이용한 유기성폐기물처리기술은 환경 친화적 처리방법으로 유기성폐기물 처리비용적 측면에서도 매우 저렴한 처리방법으로 이용되고 있는 기술이다. 그러나 지렁이 이용기술은 도입초기의 이용기술이 현재에도 적용되고 있으며, 체계적인 연구 및 정책적인 지원의 부족 등으로 지렁이 퇴비화 산업의 발전에 많은 영향을 미치고 있다. 따라서 향후 지렁이 이용기술의 보급과 아울러 지렁이 퇴비화 산업의 발전을 위하여 기술적인 문제점인 과대한 사육부지이용 및 처리공정의 자동화 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 또한 지렁이 이용기술의 체계적인 연구와 국가적 차원의 정책적인 지원방안이 필요하다.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.58-71
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the rural housewives' recognition and practice on environmental preservation. The subjects of this study were 300 rural housewives living in Chung-buk province. Questionaires were distributed to them during a week from August $25^{th}$ to August $31^{th}$ in 1995. Major findings were as follows: 1. The saved water quite well in washing their faces and the dishes compared with urban housewives, but they did not save water so well in using the lavatory. They used synthetic detergent, one of water pollutants, more often than natural soaps in shampooing and laundering. In addition, they did not use a measuring cup. It resulted in the waste of detergent and aggravation of water pollution. 2. Food waste was disposed of properly, but used batteries were not collected separately. A disposable vinyl bag was more commonly used than a reusable shopping basket. The reason for not using a shopping basket was bothering or uncustomary. Since most of them did not know refillable products of goods with environmental mark, they did not use those. Therefore, housewives should be educated in order to prevent soil pollution. 3. The use of spry-type pesticide and hair treatment, one of air pollutants, was wide-spread among them. They hardly recognized and practiced saving of electric power when they used household electric appliances. 4. The major source of environmental knowledge was mass media like TV of radio. Many of them did not know the practical ways to solve the environmental education program. In conclusion, low level of recognition and practice of rural housewives on environmental preservation indicated that a systematic environmental education program should be developed and implemented.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.67-82
• /
• 1980

The objectives of the study were to determine 1) energy uses for residential requirements, 2) if energy consumption and adoption of energy conservation attitudes and practices vary with independent variables family size, stage of family life cycle, homemaker's level of education, income, heating system, and number of electrical household items, and 3) if there is a correlation between energy conservation attitudes and practices. Questionnaires were given to the randomly selected homemakers I Seoul in the summer (September, 1979) and the winter (February, 1980). Analysis of variance and correlation were used to analyzed the data which consisted of 537 usable responses of 895 returned in the summer and 554 responses of 794 returned in the winter. The results are as follows: 1) The order of consumption rate of the direct energy uses for residential requirements was found to be heating and air conditioning, cooking, refrigeration, T.V., lighting, and miscellaneous. 2) Energy consumption and adoption of energy conservation attitudes and practices were significantly related to family size, homemaker's level of education, and the stage of family life cycle. (1) Families of five members revealed higher scores in attitudes and practices than families less than five or more than six. (2) The higher the homemaker's level of education, the more energy consumption and the higher scores I attitudes and practices were found. (3) Families in the middle stage of family life cycle tend to use more energy than younger or older families, but their scores in attitudes and practices were high. 3) There was a significant correlation between energy conservation attitudes and practices. However, the scores of the conservation practices were not as good as the attitudes. It may be attributed to either a lack of knowledge and/or financial difficulties, or a dissonance between the concept and implementation of energy conservation. 4) Recommendations for the energy-saving and energy-related public policies are: (1) to use such human resources as attitudes, values, feelings of agreement, and cooperation, as well as nonhuman resources for the energy conservation, (2) to develop a educational program and a creative system I order to implement energy conservation programs, and (3) to consider direct as well as indirect energy uses I selecting goods and services.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제14권12호
• /
• pp.1741-1746
• /
• 2001

An experiment was conducted at the experimental duck farm of Cantho University to determine the effects of feeding duckweed (Lemna minor) that completely replaced commercial protein supplements in diets for crossbred meat ducks. The experiment included five treatments, with four replicates and ten crossbred ducks per replicate (pen). The five diets were based on broken rice offered ad libitum, supplemented with either 27 (control, SB100), 19 (SB70), 15 (SB55), 12 (SB40) or zero (SB0) g/day of ground, roasted soya beans, with fresh duckweed supplied ad libitum, except for the control (SB0) treatment. A vitamin / mineral premix and salt were included in the control (SB100) diet, but not in the diets with duckweed. These diets were fed to growing crossbred meat ducks (Czechoslovak Cherry Valley hybrids) from 28 to 63 days of age, when two birds (one male and one female) per pen were slaughtered for carcass evaluation. Total daily intakes were 95, 108, 108, 105 and 107 g of dry matter (DM) (p<0.001) and daily live weight gains 26.1, 29.1, 28.3, 27.1 and 27.6 g (p<0.001) for the SB100, SB70, SB55, SB40 and SB0 diets, respectively. Corresponding feed conversion ratios (FCR, dry matter basis) were 3.63, 3.71, 3.82, 3.89 and 3.88 kg feed/kg gain, respectively. There were no significant differences in carcass yields, chest and thigh muscle weights, and internal organ weights between the ducks fed the control diet and those fed duckweed diets. Fresh duckweed can completely replace roasted soya beans and a vitamin-mineral premix in broken rice based diets for growing crossbred ducks without reduction in growth performance or carcass traits. If the duckweed is grown on farm, and managed and harvested by household labour, the saving over purchased protein supplements is up to 48%.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제21권9호
• /
• pp.1744-1751
• /
• 2017

세계 각국에서 환경규제를 강화하고 생활 폐기물을 줄이기 위해서 노력하고 있다. 우리나라 역시 자원의 절약과 재활용촉진을 위한 법률을 제정하여 에너지자원순환을 위해 노력하고 있다. 정부에서는 빈병 재활용을 위하여 빈용기 보증금 제도를 시행하고 있지만 인력을 통한 회수는 한계가 존재하며, 빈병무인회수기 또한 국산화가 되어 있지 않은 관계로 시행 효과가 미비한 상황이다. 본 논문에서는 에너지자원순환을 촉진하기 위해서 빈병무인회수기에서 필수적으로 요구되는 병 인식 및 보증금 환불을 위한 병 분류 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안 알고리즘은 OpenCV와 CNN을 이용한 복합 식별 알고리즘으로서 제안 알고리즘의 효용성 평가를 위하여 빈병무인회수기에서 동작하는 분류 시스템을 구현하여 다양한 디바이스에서 빈병 정보 및 무인회수기에 대한 정보를 쉽게 획득할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제16권7호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2018

우리나라는 성공적인 물 관리를 위하여 1980년대 이후 상수도 보급을 중심으로 한 공급정책이 성공적으로 진행되었고, 1990년대 이후 물 가격이 상수도 수요에 미치는 영향 등 수요관리에 대한 정책이 이어지고 있다. 최근 들어 물 가격결정과 효율적인 수자원 관리에 논의가 부각되고 있다. 본 논문은 부산지역을 대상으로 물수요 관리의 핵심 변수로서 물 가격의 결정 요인과 가격 수준 설정에 대한 논의를 수요함수추정을 통하여 분석한다. 주요 변수로는 총 인구, 수도 요금, 소득, 가구 수, 에너지 가격으로 선정되었고, 시계열 자료의 특성을 고려한 초월대수함수 모형을 설정하여 분석하였다. 분석결과에 따르면 물 수요는 인구, 소득 등 실물 경제변수에는 양의 효과를, 물 가격, 에너지 가격 등 가격변수에는 음의 효과를 나타냈다. 향후 지역별 미래 물 소비량에 따른 공급 능력 확보와 지속적인 물 절약을 위하여 수도 요금 조정이 효율적 정책방안으로 판단되며, 디지털 정보의 이용 확대 등 보완적 수자원 관리 정책도 동시에 요구된다. 또한 용도별, 지역별, 시간별로 세분화된 자료를 구축하고, 정교한 계량분석모형을 이용한 연구가 요청된다.