• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.75-90
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• 2001

Although it is presumed that cancer patients take various alternative therapies, the present status is not well recognized. The purpose of this study is to survey alternative therapies used by cancer patients receiving radiation therapy and then, find associated factors of taking alternative therapies. The study subjects were composed of those who receiving radiation therapy in the department of radiation oncology in 5 hospitals located at Extended Busan city and who were on follow-up after medical cure. They were 394 male and female patients over 20 years old. The mean age of the subjects was 53.2 years old and the age ranged from 23 to 83 years old. 188 patients($47.7\%$) used alternative therapies. Total 68 different kinds of alterative therapies were used, average 7.3 kinds per patient were experienced, and average total cost expenditure was 2,830,000 won. Among the alternative therapies, black bean($38.8\%$) was the most commonly used and brown rice($38.3\%$), ganoderm lucidum($37.8\%$), elm tree($33.5\%$), and phellinus linteus($30.8\%$) were followed in order of frequency. However in considering the time, cost and effort spent, phellinus linteus was the first. In terms of cost, phellinus linteus was the highest with average expenditure of 2,740,000 won. Among the motivation of using alternative therapies, expecting auxiliary help for the hospital therapy was the highest ($31.4\%$). About half of users($56.9\%$) of alternative therapies were recommended by their relatives to use alternative therapies. In comparing the characteristics of experienced and unexperienced groups, alternative therapy was experienced significantly more in patients of younger age(p=0.001), in patient of higher educational level(p=0.001), and in patients of higher income(p=0.030) The proportion of using alternative therapies was significantly higher in the group treated with chemotherapy(p=0.005), and in the patients who did not satisfy with radiation therapy(p=0.001). The frequency of drinking was significantly higher tendency in the inexperienced group(p=0.046), There was no significant difference in marital status, job, religion, other disease, surgical operation of the cancer and smoking staus between the two groups. Among the unexperienced group, $34.0\%$ of the patients did not take the alternative therapies because they did not have know]edge for the alternatives, and $22.3\%$ worried about negative effects on hospital-based therapy $58.7\%$ of them were willing to take the alternative therapies if the effects and safety were proven by the government or research institutes. $21.9\%$ of the patients wanted to take the alternatives if they were affordable. $72.3\%$ of the patients was willing to take them if their families recommend, but $27.2\%$ responded they would not take them in any situation. Conclusively, various kinds of alternative therapies which were not proved medically were exposed to patients, In these circumstances, it is required to investigate, study and evaluate the medical effects and safety of the alternative therapies.

• 대한간호
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.48-62
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• 1993

This study was done for the purpose of analyzing the job-satisfaction and its depressive factors in human relation of operating room nurses of university hospital. Therfore, it makes an offer the basic data to help the resolution and prevention of the problems in operating room nurses. Furthermore, this study was conducted in order to find out some kinds of scientific data for the better control of depressive factors of job-satisfaction expressed by the operating room nurses. The structred questionaire reports of 246 operating room nurses who were employed in 5 different university hospitals which have over 1, 000 beds located in Seoul, Korea were used, which wer collected from August 24th to August 30th of 1992. The author visited supervisors of operating room in each university hospital and explained the aim of this study. The most of them(90.0%) answered to the questionaires. Analysis of the collected data were done by mean, standard deviation, percentage, t-test, F-test, Q-test, correlation analysis, one-way ANOVA.and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Major findings of this study were as follows: 1. The job of the operating room nurses were remarkably related with the satisfaction in human relation, which was defined as the behavioral job with thoughtful action rather than with mechanical action. However, the degree of satisfaction in human relation with personnel in other departments was found to be the lowest and its the main depressive factors were appeared due to the absence of interaction and uncooperative attitudes. Therefore, it was required that the members of other job need more cooperative attitude to the actual works in the operating room nurses. 2. The depressive factors in the satisfaction degree of human relation with offical seniors wer significantly related with their irresponsibility and partialness. Moreover, the job attitude of the operating room nurses is abundantly required to be improved, 3. The depressive factors in the satisfaction of human relation with medical doctors were significantly related with their insincerity and the class-consciousness. It is clearly suggested that the medical doctors do more cooperative behaviors for the jobs of the operating room without the suggested that the medical doctors do more cooperative behaviors for the jobs of the operating room without the superiority feeling of class-consciousness. 4. There was a significantly positive association between the satisfaction degree of human relation of the nurses with the following charateristics. (1) The registered nurses which had a tendency to be satisfied about the registered nurses' job. (2) The registered nurses which had a tendency to be a technique-aptitued in the motivation of the registered nurses'job. (3) The registered nurses which had a tendency to be satisfied about the total hospital working carrier and the aspects of old ages. Finally, these findings indicated that the operating room nurses should require the professional education courses associated with a high-development techniques and setisfaction in their jobs.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2018

Objectives: Temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA) is a joint pathology caused by bony and/or fibrous adhesion of the joint apparatus, resulting in partial or total loss of function. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted between 2012 and 2016 in the northwest region of Nigeria. The data retrieved includes gender, age, etiology of ankylosis, duration of ankylosis, laterality of ankylosis, type of imaging technique, type of airway management, types of incision, surgical procedure, mouth opening, interpositional materials used, and complications. Results were presented as simple frequencies and descriptive statistics. Results: Thirty-six patients with TMJA were evaluated during the study period. There were 21 males (58.3%) and 15 females (41.7%), yielding a male:female ratio of 1.4:1. The patients' age ranged from 5 to 33 years with $mean{\pm}standard$ deviation ($13.8{\pm}6.6years$). Thirty-five cases (97.2%) were determined to be true/bony ankylosis, while only 1 case (2.8%) was false/fibrous ankylosis. Most of the TMJA cases (16 cases, 44.4%) were secondary to a fall. In our series, the most commonly utilized incision was the Bramley-Al-Kayat (15 cases, 41.7%). The mostly commonly performed procedures were condylectomies and upper ramus ostectomies (12 cases each, 33.3%), while the most commonly used interpositional material was temporalis fascia (14 cases, 38.9%). The complications that developed included 4 cases (11.1%) of severe hemorrhage, 1 case (2.8%) of facial nerve palsy, and 1 case (2.8%) of re-ankylosis. Conclusion: Plain radiographs, with their shortcomings, still have significant roles in investigating TMJA. Aggressive postoperative physiotherapy for a minimum of 6 months is paramount for successful treatment.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 1999

The goal of oral anticoagulation therapy with warfarin is to maintain INR values within the therapeutic range in order to prevent complications such as bleeding and thrombosis. The purposes of this study were to investigate the current level of anticoagulation control using INR values, to investigate the incidences of thromboembolism and bleeding complications, and to compare the effect of low intensity INR regimen with therapeutic range recommended by ACCP (American College of Chest Physician). Two hundred three patients with mechanical heart valve replacement done at Yonsei University Cardiovascular Center between January 1994 and December 1996 were selected and reviewed retrospectively. The target INR ranges of $2.5\sim3.5$ (ACCP standard) and low intensity INR of $2.0\sim3.5$ were used for evaluation. According to ACCP standard, $51.2\%$ of patients and $31.1\%$ of INR values were within the therapeutic range when average INR and cumulative INR were used, respectively. Applying low intensity INR values of $2.0\sim3.5$, the therapeutic control was achieved in $57.4\%\;and\;90.1\%$, using average INR and total INR, respectively. The incidences of major and minor bleedings were $0.5\%\;and\;26.6\%$, respectively. The incidence of thromboembolism was $0.5\%$. There was no significant difference in terms of complication incidences between INR $2.0\sim2.5\;and\;INR\;2.5\sim3.5$ groups. However, INR values at the time of bleeding were generally high. In conclusion, the evaluation of patients with mechanical heart valve replacement showed low level of therapeutic control with warfarin therapy. This is partially explained by the fact that the physicians at Yonsei University Cardiovascular Center were using lower intensity INR values as a goal than recommended INR. Also, in the near future, systematic anticoagulation service should be implemented at various hospitals in Korea so that patients on anticoagulant therapy can be more closely monitored to be within the recommended INR by ACCP.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.240-248
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• 1989

The increase in size and numbers of general hospitals in the process of conspicuous development of modem medicine has been accompanied by a serious increase in hospital acquired infections. Hospital aquired infections cause pain and discomfort, may threaten life, adds an economic burden, and delays recovery and return to society. Even though respiratory hospital infection rates resulting for tracheostomy and respiratory inhalation therapy, may be low, they are serious because of their bad prognosis and high mortality rates. This study was designed to assess certain aspects of respiratory infections of patients with a tracheostomy and thus provide baseline data for further research related to preventive or therapeutic nursing interventions. The specific objectives were to determine the incidence of colonization in the trachea, clinical signs, type of colonized bacteria and sensitivity to antibiotics. Data were collected from July 1 to December 10, 1989 at two university Hospital in Seoul. Subjects were 20 patients with a tracheostomy admitted to the Intensive Care Unit or Cerebral Vascular Accident Center. Clinical signs related to respiratory infection were observed using a checklist based on previous study outcomes. Bacterial culture, sensitivity test to antibiotics, WBC counts and chest X-ray were also performed. Cultures were done on the day of tracheostomy, and on the third, fifth and seventh day. Cultures were then done on seventh days after the first colonization. The results were as follows : 1. The incidence of bacteria colonization in a week was 90%(18 patients) 50% (10/20 patients) on the day of tracheostomy, 70%(7/10 patients) on the third day, and 0% on the fifth day, and 33%(1/3 patient) on the seventh day. 3 of 18 patients (16.7%) were colonies of mixed growth isolated. 2. The observed clinical signs related to respiratory infection were high fever 38.9%(7 patients), prulent secretion 16.7%(12 patients) and infiltration seen on chest X-ray 33.3%(6 patients). 3. The total number of types of bacteria isolated among the 18 subjects was 21 ; gram negative 71.4%, gram postive 28.6%. The dominant bacteria type was Staphylococcus aureus(5 cases) for gram(equation omitted) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(3 cases), Klebsiella (4 cases), Enterobacter(3 cases) for gram (equation omitted). The results of culture on 7th day after the first colonization, 6 cases showed same type of bacteria, 3cases showed different type of bacteria and 1 cases showed no growth. 4. The sensitivity tests to antibiotics showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus were strongly resistant to most kinds of antibiotics, but Klebsiella and the rest of gram negative bacteria were moderately sensitive to antibiotics.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.97-105
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• 1999

Based on literature, status and role of the NP in America was reviewed. The process of developing NP program in America suggests us many things. In America, nurse practitioners have sustained a mutually beneficial status with their patients for over thirty years. Excel fence in academic education and clinical training will enable nurse practitioners to continue to provide quality health care. The magnitude changes in the health care system of the United States, the challange of providing real access of health care continues. Lack of access to adequate primary care was the driving force in the initial 1965 Federal Involvement in developing the NP role. In 1993 President Bill Clinton's health care reform initiative provided policy support for NPs as primary care providers. The Institute of Medicine explicitly recognized NPs as an integral part of the primary care team. In addition, several national reports recognized NPs as affordable, accessible, high-quality care providers. The recent passage of direct Medicare reimbursement for NPs reflected public policy statements coincided with and likely contributed to a growth spurt in the NP workforce. From 1965 to 1977 NP programs offered traditional primary care clinical tracks(adult, family, woman's health, and pediatrics) for relatively small clusters of students in a variety of institutional settings. From 1978 to 1990 these educational programs were incorporated into graduate schools of nursing. By 1990 the majority of NPs received educational preparation in master's-level nursing programs. A new emphases was placed on postmaster's NP programs designed for master's prepared clinical nurse specialists and nurse managers. he the health care system shifted hospital nursing resources toward community-based care, these master's -level nurses sought additional NP preparation. NP educational programs are defined as the educational structure in which one or more NP clinical tracks are offered. NP clinical tracks, in turn, offer curriculum and supervised clinical experiences that match standards in specific practice areas such as family(FNP), adult(AUP), geriatrics(GNP), pediatrics(PNP), women's health (WHNP), neonatal (NNP), and acute care(ACNP). There were indications that NP practice was expanding into new clinical areas as evidenced by new types of tracks, particularly in acute care and psychiatry. The increase in acute care NP students likely reflects the increased demand from hospitals and other acute care settings. In Korea, change of nurse's role into nurse practitioner's role may have many difficulties. The need of health consumer, policy support of government, approval of medical care team are all essential component. Every nursing personnel make effort to planning the new health care delivery system.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.130-146
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• 1994

Our medical care system is trying to diversify in order to meet the client's needs, and to adjust to a medical environment which is changing very rapidly. Because current nursing theory and practice focus on holistic care, health care management, education, and research, contrary to the traditional emphasis on only assisting a physician, more autonomy and specialization for the implementation of nursing are required. Considering these trends and actual needs, the category of clinical nurse specialist should be established as soon as possible. In order to develop strategies for implementing this new professional specialty, the authors conducted a field survey and literature review of the current system in Korea. As a result, various obstacles and constraints were discovered as follows : 1) There are few accredited educational programs for the training of CNS's. 2) Several hospitals already have staff designated as clinical nurse specialist (CNS) even though the term CNS is not yet standardized or adopted in nationwide. 3) The role of the CNS is not clearly understood by the medical societies, or even nursing societies. A nurse who works in specific nursing areas such as central supply, kidney dialysis, intensive care, coronary care, etc. for a long time, considers herself /himself a CNS. Based upon the above findings, the following alternatives are recommended. 1) The role of the CNS should be defined according to specified functions and authority : professional autonomy ; counselling and educating patients and their familes, nurses, and even other medical personnel ; research on improvement of nursing ; and management of the nursing environment including medical resources, information, and cases. 2) the qualification of CNS should be attained only by a nurse who has an RN license and clinical experience of more than 3 years in a specific nursing field: passes a qualifying examination; and contributes to the professional development of peers, colleagues, and others. A master's degree should only be optional, because of the insufficient of graduate programs which are well designed for the CNS. 3) The CNS should initially be a head nurse rather than line staff in order to deal with as wide an experience base as possible. 4) The nursing specialty could be divided into two areas such as a clinical field and a community field. The clinical field could then be categorized by the Styles' classification such as diseases and pathogenics, systems, ages, acuity, skills/techniques, and function/role ; the community field could be classified according to work site.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2021

이 연구의 목적은 치면열구전색의 급여화 이후 치면열구전색 처치를 받은 소아청소년 환자들의 성별, 나이, 보험종류, 지역, 의료기관 등의 특성을 알아보는 것이다. 건강보험심사평가원의 환자표본자료를 이용하였으며 2010년부터 2017년까지 총 8,454,636명의 환자의 정보를 얻을 수 있었고 이중 치면열구전색 처치가 포함된 환자는 114,680명이었다. 여자에서 남자보다 치면열구전색 처치를 받은 비율이 더 높았고, 5 - 9세 집단이 다른 연령에 비하여 가장 많은 치면열구전색 환자 및 진료 비율을 보였다. 보험의 경우 건강보험을 가진 경우가 의료급여에 해당하는 환자에 비해 치면열구전색 진료를 받은 비율이 높았고 진료기관은 치과의원, 치과병원, 보건소 순으로 나타났다. 지역별 비교에서는 경기도가 가장 많은 치면열구전색 환자를 보였으나, 환자 비율의 경우 전북이 가장 높게 나타났다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 대전지역 종합병원 중 일반촬영장치, CT, MRI 검사 장치 각 2대씩 선정하여 시간대 별 검사 장치의 표면오염도를 측정하여 감염도를 예측하고 감염 예방을 위한 기초자료로 활용하고자 실험을 하였다. 그 결과 일반촬영장치와 MRI 검사장치의 시간대 별 표면 오염도는 13시>8시>16시 순이였으며, CT검사 장치는 13시>16시>8시 순이었으며 이는 검사 건수의 영향으로 나타났다. 또한 검사 장치 부위 별 표면 오염도 결과는 일반촬영장치는 Stand Bucky 손잡이, CT 검사장치는 머리받침대, MRI 검사 장치는 조작 스위치에서 ATP 오염도 수치가 가장 많이 나왔으며, 이는 접촉 건수와 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 소독 전후를 비교한 결과 소독 후 모든 장치에서 유의한 차이로 감소한 결과를 보였다. 실험 결과를 바탕으로 영상의학과 검사실의 오염도를 파악하고 감염질환을 예방할 수 있는 기초자료가 될 수 있을 것이라고 사료된다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.399-410
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• 2000

In this, analyzing the type of subjectivity in which people would have about home visit nursing services originating from public health care centers. I tried to research more effective ways to improve home visit nursing care services. and later. for the development of home visit nursing care. to supply basic data. The method for this study was the Q-method. created by William Stephenson. and was adequate for the study of subjectivity. For this study. through the deep interview. literature inquiry, and the discussion course. 206 Q-statement sentences were abstracted. and based on them, after Q-sample-selection. I then collected the Q-categorized-result from 32 subjects from Mar. 10. 2000 to Mar. 25. 2000. Through the statistic a analysis of PC-Qunal program. the subjectivity species were categorized and analyzed. The study results show that there are 3 sorts of recognition types. and they are analyzed in the following; The first type: the positively receiving type shows that they feel thankful and a trusting feeling about home visit nursing. The second type: the negatively mistrusting type shows that they had doubtful attitudes about the specialty of home visit nursing: they wanted medicine or nutrition remedies rather than health education and concerning the their own health care, they prefered the hospitals or clinics. The third type: the conditional receiving type shows that even though they had a positive receiving attitude about home visit nursing wanting to consult with the home visit nurses about the difficult problem which could not easily be settled, hoping that the home visit nurses could visit them more often, in their actual lives. they strongly indicated their attitudes concerning money as more important than home visits. The subjects in these 3 types commonly had a good feeling about the kindness of the home visit nurses: the first and third types also had a positive recognition about home visit nursing; however. in aspects of the evaluation and receiving attitudes, they showed a big difference. When all the above results are integrated. in the case of the first type the home visit nursing service, which satisfied the demand for health care of the medically weak people. should be continuously supplied. Additionally in case of the second type (negatively mistrust). continuous education and support should be supplied with enough interest to lead their concerns about their own health care as well as lead medical spending in a productive and effective direction in order to change their impressions. Through this study. I learned that the recognition of the objectives of home visit nursing services can be categorized in to 3 types and could be analyzed. Thus I wish that this study helps to present basic data which contributes to the development of the home visit nursing field.