• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2012

수평하중을 받는 말뚝의 해석에서 수평지반반력계수($k_h$)의 결정이 중요하나 시간과 비용 등의 문제로 기존의 제안식을 이용하여 수평지반반력계수를 산정하고 있어 말뚝기초의 거동을 상이하게 평가하고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 수평재하시험결과를 이용한 Chang 방법 및 수치해석 역해석 방법으로 수평지반반력계수를 산정하여 기존 제안식과의 상관성을 비교 분석하여 적정성 및 신뢰성을 규명하였다. 수평재하시험에 의한 수평지반반력계수 분석결과는 Chang 방법으로 산정된 값이 역해석에 의한 방법에 비해 과소평가 되었다. 그리고 도로교 표준시방서 방법으로 산정 시 지반의 변형계수는 Eo${\fallingdotseq}$1,400~1,600N 적용하는 경우 수평재하시험에 의한 수평지반반력계수와 유사한 범위를 가지는 것으로 확인되었다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.602-605
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• 2006

Locating reinforcing bars, in particular to know their accurate depths and horizontal distances, is very important in radar inspection of concrete structures. By the way, it is not easy for an accurate depth and horizontal distance estimation of reinforcing bars in concrete structures by the radar test. This problem can be solved by synthetic aperture radar method. To improve the vertical and horizontal resolution of reinforcing bars in concrete, synthetic aperture radar method was examined in this study.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국태양에너지학회 2008년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.69-74
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• 2008

This study is to analyze and compare on the sky condition of cloud amount and measured solar horizontal irradiation in Seoul. Sky cover method is determination of sky condition used by cloud amount of the Meteorological Administration. And HCI method is determination of sky condition used by measured solar horizontal irradiation. The HCI methods of Erbs et al.(1982), Orgill and Hollands(1977) appear a lot of error because of the air pollution such as smog phenomenon or yellow sand phenomenon and so on. Therefore, The purpose of this study is to improve the method for determination of sky condition.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.551-558
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• 2001

The horizontal drain method is one of methods improving reclamation ground. This method reduces consolidation time by using drained installed horizontally, and negative pressure is applied on end of these drains by vacuum pump. But, effective negative pressure still wasn't evaluated in applying this method to reclamation ground. To estimate optimum negative pressure, soil box test that make a model the in-situ by installing horizontal drains in the center is performed pressing different vacuum pressure In the laboratory, and the variations in settlement and volume of drained water through the drains during consolidation process were measured. Also, water content with distance from drain and with depth is measured after the test.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.93-112
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• 1998

본 연구에서는, 연약한 준설매립점토지반 내부에 플라스틱 배수재를 수평으로 설치하여 압밀침하의 가속화를 유도하는 수평배수공법의 해석절차 체계화에 초점을 두고 이론적 및 실험적 접근을 진행하였다. 이를 위해, 유한변형률 개념을 근거로 한 Gibson등의 1차원 자중압밀이론을 토대로, 자중압밀효과 및 수평배수재 설치에 따른 추가 압밀효과를 복합적으로 고려하는 지배방정식을 제시하였으며, 본 지배방정식 및 수평배수재 설치효과를 고려한 초기조건 및 경계조건 등을 토대로, Dufort-Erankel의 유한차분화 알고리즘을 이용해 시간경과에 따른 침하량 및 압밀도 등의 변화를 예측하기 위한 해석절차를 제시하였다. 또한 제시된 해석절차의 적용 타당성 확인을 위해, 안산 시화지구 준설매립점토 및 플라스틱 수평배수재를 이용한 실내모형실험을 실시하였다. 실내실험을 통해, 안산 시화지구 준설매립점토의 간극비-유효응력 관계 및 투수계수-간극비 관계 등을 정량적으로 정의하기 위한 기초자료를 획득 하였으며. 또한 시간경과에 따른 깊이별 침하량등을 측정하여 본 연구에서 제시된 해석절차에 의한 예측치와 비교.분석하였다. 이외에도 플라스틱 배수재 수평배수공법에 관련된 설계변수가 압밀침하등에 미치는 영향을 제시된 해석절차를 이용해 분석하였으며, 이 결과를 토대로 한 설계도표의 제시도 이루어 졌다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1997년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.285-290
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• 1997

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.575-582
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• 2000

The flat Dilatometer test(flat DMT) has been known as an in-situ testing method which is simple and robust to use, and reliable for site stratification and evaluation of soil properties. It was designed and proposed by Marchetti in 1975 to characterize the properties of soils. There are many researches that have been done to evaluate the horizontal coefficient of consolidation from the dissipation test results of flat DMT on normally consolidated and slightly overconsolidated clays. The representative estimation methods of estimating the horizontal consolidation coefficient are DMT-C method which uses a C-reading dissipation curve and DMT-A method which uses a A-reading dissipation curve. This paper represents a comparison analysis of those two methods in obtaining the horizontal coefficients of consolidation. The reference values are also obtained by CPTU and other laboratory tests. The applicability of using flat DMT to characterize the consolidation behavior is also reviewed for two sites. According to the results, DMT-A method is not suitable for silty clays possibly because of the compressibility characteristics. As for the normally consolidated and slightly overconsolidated clays, the results obtained from the two methods are comparable with each other as well as with the laboratory test results.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 1998

The effects of GABA and glutamate on the horizontal cells were explored by an intracellular recording method to discern the mechanisms of receptive field formation by chemical coupling in the catfish outer retina. The results suggest that the horizontal cells of the catfish retina might use GABA as their transmitters and that the GABAergic system contributes to the formation of receptive fields of the horizontal cells. GABAC receptors may be involved in a chemical coupling between horizontal cells and concerned with the depolarizing actions by GABA on horizontal cells in the catfish retina. Since the chloride equilibrium potential is more positive than the dark membrane potential in horizontal cells, GABA released from a horizontal cell may depolarize the neighboring horizontal cells. Thus a chemical coupling between horizontal cells may be formed. $GABA_A$ receptors also may be involved in the negative feedback mechanism between photoreceptor and horizontal cell. And glutamate may be involved in connecting positive and negative feedback systems since it potentiated the GABA's actions. Therefore, it is presumed that large receptive fields in the catfish retina are formed not only by electrical coupling but also by chemical coupling between horizontal cells. And information travels laterally by pathways involving both electrical coupling composed of gap junctions and chemical coupling in the retinal network.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.1666-1672
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• 2008

In this study, it collected and analyzed a construction case of the improved top-down support system application field on a case by case retaining wall method. The behavior of horizontal displacement was analyzed according to retaining wall type after reviewing a design stage and estimated horizontal displacement under the construction. The study results showed that it is judged stable until excavation termination irrelevant to a retaining wall method at the improved top-down support system application. It is judged that the settlement of behind ground can minimize because the retaining wall head displacement also behave stably. It was compared the predicted horizontal displacement in design and the measured horizontal displacement acquired through a measurement by using Elasto-Plastic analysis program. The comparison results showed that a similar horizontal displacement was predicted within stability standard irrelevant to a retaining wall method. So, it is decided that the advanced prediction is reasonable by Elasto-Plastic analysis in design applied the improved top-down support system. In the case of the ground anchor method application under a same condition, it is decided that a horizontal displacement will more increase than the improved top-down support system is applied. If a section condition is same, it was decided that to apply top-down support system is more stable than that.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.399-413
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• 2020

The numerical simulation of liquid sloshing in the three-dimensional tanks under horizontal excitation and roll excitation was carried out, and the inhibition effect of different baffles on the sloshing phenomenon was investigated. The numerical calculations were carried out by the nonlinear Boundary Element Method (BEM) with Green's theorem based on the potential flow, which was conducted with the governing equation corresponding to the boundaries of each region. The validity of the method was verified by comparing with experimental values and published literatures. The horizontal baffle, the vertical baffle and the T-shaped baffle in the sloshing tanks were investigated respectively, and the baffles' position, dimension and the liquid depth were provided and discussed in detail. It is drawn that the baffle shape plays a non-negligible role in the tank sloshing. The vertical baffle is a more effective way to reduce the sloshing amplitude when the tank is under a horizontal harmonic excitation while the horizontal baffle is a more effective way when the tank is under a roll excitation. The amplitude of free surface elevation at right tank wall decreases with the increasing of the horizontal baffle length and the vertical baffle height. Although the T-shaped baffle has the best suppression effect on tank sloshing under horizontal excitation, it has limited suppression effect under roll excitation and will complicate the sloshing phenomenon when changing baffle height.