• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 제20권1호
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• pp.45-48
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• 2008

이 연구에서는 철근콘크리트 중공 하프슬래브의 중공형상을 제안하고 휨성능을 검증한다. 실험은 총 2단계로 나누어 수행하였으며, 중공재료는 자중과 진동 감소를 위하여 스티로폼을 사용하였다. 1단계 실험은 중공형상과 간격을 결정하기 위한 것으로 총 3가지 중공형상(구형, 4면 절단형, 5면 절단형)이 사용되었다. 1단계 실험결과로부터 콘크리트 체적 감소율이 높으면서도 균열패턴이 바람직한 중공형상 및 간격을 결정하였다. 2단계 실험에서는 1단계 실험결과를 바탕으로 결정된 중공형상과 간격을 가지는 중공 하프슬래브 실험체의 휨성능 실험이 수행되었다. 실험결과, 제안된 중공형상을 가지는 철근콘크리트 중공 하프슬래브는 휨강도와 연성측면에서 우수한 능력을 보였다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.68-77
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• 2004

Hollow filament yarns provide better warmth to the touch, lighter in weight, increased opacity, and subtle luster compared to the regular synthetic filament yarns. However, luster properties of textile fibers or fabrics are often difficult to characterize, partly due to the fineness of the surface texture, the anisotropic nature of the weave structure, the complexity of the fiber array comprising a yarn, and the fiber structure itself. In this study, the fabric surface luster image was analyzed using image analysis methods after image acquisition. The hollow filament fiber was modeled using a three-dimensional modeling software. It was then ray-traced for comparing the virtual luster images of the hollow fiber and the regular fiber models based on shading models including photon mapping. The luster object size of the actual hollow filament fabric was smaller than that of the regular filament fabric. The shape of the luster object of the hollow filament fabric was dual peak type while that of the regular filament was single.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.541-548
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• 2012

중공슬래브 시스템은 슬래브 두께가 증가해도 자중은 크게 증가하지 않고, 일반슬래브에 비해서 휨성능이 크게 저하되지 않는 장점이 있다. 이러한 경제적인 건물 설계 및 친환경 구조물 구현을 가능하게 하는 시스템에도 불구하고 중공슬래브의 활용도는 현재로서는 낮다고 할 수 있다. 특히 국내의 건축분야에 있어서는 매우 낮은 편이다. 이러한 현 상황의 가장 큰 이유는 중공슬래브의 적용을 위한 구조 해석 및 설계방법이 일반화되어 있지 않다는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 실질적인 압축영역을 고려하기 위해 가정한 중공 단면형상에서 중립축 위치에 따른 압축응력블럭의 체적으로 휨강도 산정식을 제시하였다. 기존 중공부 상부만을 압축영역으로 고려한 휨강도 산정방법은 가장 보수적인 방법으로 판단되며 2개의 대체단면을 설정하여 휨내력을 산정하는 것이 더 실질적인 방법으로 판단된다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 원통형 중공롤러를 갖는 와이어 소 머신에 대한 변위와 응력강도 안전성 해석결과를 제시하고 있다. 유한요소법을 사용하여 세 개의 튜브 사이에 Y형상의 편위형 컬럼과 수직형 컬럼을 설치한 중공롤러에서 변형거동과 응력강도 안전성을 높인 중공롤러를 개발하고자 한다. 동일한 직경과 길이를 갖지만, 중량을 달리하는 중공롤러 모델에서 Y 형상의 편위형 및 수직형 중공롤러에 작용하는 변위거동 안전성은 중공롤러의 전체길이에 의해 더 많은 영향을 받는 것으로 나타는데, 이것은 중공롤러의 굽힘 모멘트와 밀접한 관련이 있다. 그러나, 중공롤러의 응력강도는 중량 차이가 크지 않을 경우 절단면의 형상에 의해 더 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 중공롤러의 강도안전성을 높이고, 총중량을 낮추기 위해서는 Y형상을 갖는 중공롤러를 사용하는 것이 바람직함을 알 수 있다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.429-437
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• 2017

Micro hollow plate type silica with low refraction properties was synthesized and its hollow structure was applied as an optical structure to develop a light diffusion material that simultaneously satisfies the requirements of good light diffusibility, high transmissibility, and high luminance. The developed light diffusion material was applied to a light diffusion film and the film's optical properties were assessed. Hollow silica was synthesized by precipitation method using $Mg(OH)_2$ core particles, sodium silicate, and ammonium sulfate as the silica precursors. The concentration of the silica precursor was adjusted to control hollow silica shell thickness. The total light transmittance of the light diffusion film composed of the hollow silica was 94.55%, which was 4.57% higher than that of the PC film; new film's haze was 71.20%, which was 70.9% higher. Furthermore, the luminance increased by 5.34% compared to that of the light source. The reason for the results is not only that the micro plate type hollow silica, which has a low refractive property, played a role in reducing the difference in refractive index between the medium boundaries, but also that there was a light-concentrating effect due to the changing of light paths to the front direction inside the hollow structure. Optical simulation verified the enhanced optical properties when hollow silica was applied to the light diffusion film.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 여러 가지의 절단면 형상과 하중지지 용량을 높이기 위해 원판을 설치한 중공롤러의 변위거동 특성을 유한요소법으로 해석하였다. FEM 해석결과에 의하면, 중공롤러의 절단면 형상은 외측튜브, 중간튜브, 내측튜브와 이들 튜브들 사이를 연결하기 위해 X형 또는 Y형 컬럼을 설치한 경우는 중공롤러의 중간부에서 발생하는 최대 변위량을 줄여주는 효과가 있다. 여기에 중공롤러의 중간부 두께를 30~40mm 갖는 원판을 설치할 경우는 중공롤러의 최대 변위량을 줄이는데 효과가 크다는 해석결과를 제시하였다. 본 연구에서는 원통롤러의 전체 중량에 연계된 최대 변위량 비율을 고찰한 최적설계 데이터를 제하였다. FEM 해석결과에 의하면, 중공롤러에서 발생하는 최대 변위량과 전체 중량의 비율을 줄인 설계모델로는 4, 5와 6번을 추천할 수 있다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.10-15
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• 2023

The carbonaceous materials have attracted much attention for utilization of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Among them, hollow carbon spheres have great advantages (high specific capacity and good rate capability) to replace currently used graphite anode materials, due to their unique features such as high surface areas, high electrical conductivities, and outstanding chemical and thermal stability. Herein, we have synthesized various sizes of hollow carbon spheres by a facile hardtemplate method and investigated the anode properties for lithium-ion batteries. The obtained hollow carbon spheres have uniform diameters of 350 ~ 600 nm by varying the template condition, and they do not have any cracks after the optimization of the process. Increasing the diameter of hollow carbon spheres decreases their specific capacities, since the larger hollow carbon spheres have more useless spaces inside that could have a disadvantage for lithium storage. The hollow carbon spheres have outstanding rate and cyclic performance, which is originated from the high surface area and high electrical properties of the hollow carbon spheres. Therefore, hollow carbon spheres with smaller diameters are expected to have higher specific capacities, and the noble channel structures through various doping approaches can give the great possibility of high lithium storage properties.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1470-1476
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• 2002

The goal of this work is to design and build an implantable artificial lung that can be inserted as a whole into a large vein in the body with the least effect on cardiovascular hemodynamics. The experimental results demonstrate that the pressure drop is not entirely related to viscosity effects. The friction factor decreases with an increase in the number of tied-hollow fibers at a constant Reynolds number A uniform flow pattern without stagnation is observed at all numbers of tied hollow fibers tested. The tied hollow fiber module, built in this study with 3 cm of outer diameter of module. 380 m of outer diameter of tied hollow fiber, and 700 number of tied hollow fiber with length of 60 cm, which shows a pressure drop of 13-16 mmHg, satisfies the required pressure drop qualifying 15 mmHg as an intravascular artificial lung.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.355-371
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• 2013

Single- and multi-span orthotropic functionally graded hollow cylinders subjected to axisymmetrical bending are investigated on the basis of a unified shear deformable shell theory, in which the transverse displacement is expressed by means of a general shape function. To approach the through-thickness inhomogeneity of the hollow cylinder, a laminated model is employed. The shape function therefore shall be determined for each fictitious layer. To improve the computational efficiency, we resort to a transfer matrix method. Based on the principle of minimum potential energy, equilibrium equations are established, which are then solved analytically using the transfer matrix method for arbitrary boundary conditions. Numerical comparisons among a third-order shear deformable shell theory, an exact elastic theory and the present theory are provided for a simply supported hollow cylinder, from which the present theory turns out to be superior in stress estimation. Distributions of displacements and stresses in single- and three-span hollow cylinders with different boundary conditions are also illustrated in numerical examples.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.496-504
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• 1998

The eccentric extrusion and bending process for the forming of the curved rectangular hollow tube is newly developed. Generally the bending process of hollow tube is the secondary process followed by the extrusion process of the hollow tube from the round billet. So many defects such as wrinkling and the difference of wall thickness can be happened during the secondary bending process. In order to avoid the defects the new process named as "the eccentric extrusion and bending process" is suggested and applied to the U-bending of rectangular hollow tube. In this paper the kinematically admissible velocity field between the dies surface and the internal plug boundary surface s developed for the curving velocity. By the using of this curving velocity field the curvature of extruded products can be calculated with the parameters such as eccentricity dies length friction constant aspect ratio.