• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.663-670
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• 2009

The domestic foodservice and restaurant industries have been rapidly growing. Therefore, it is necessary for restaurants to analyze the demands and desires of their customers according to internal attributions, and to understand how these may change in the future. To explore the internal attributions of individuals, such as personality, this study examined differences between the promotion and prevention focuses of 'Self-Regulatory Focus Theory'. Based on this theory, hypotheses were prepared and two experiments- & -were performed to assess the hypotheses. showed that consumers who had a promotion focus were interested in the following factors: events, advertisement images and taste; whereas those with a prevention focus concentrated more on factors related to comfortoriented qualities, such as reputation and price satisfaction. In , after performing situational regulatory focus manipulation with the subjects, there were different results between promotion and prevention: in the promotion focus, when a prevention focus was induced, subjects concentrated more on price satisfaction, reputation, highly nutritious menu, and sanitary conditions; whereas in the prevention focus, when a promotion focus was induced, they concentrated on advertisement images, events, and restaurant atmosphere.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.555-574
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• 2007

Static response of an elastic beam on a two-parameter tensionless foundation is investigated by assuming that the beam is symmetrically subjected to a uniformly distributed load and concentrated edge loads. Governing equations of the problem are obtained and solved by pointing out that a concentrated edge foundation reaction in addition to a continuous foundation reaction along the beam axis in the case of complete contact and a discontinuity in the foundation reactions in the case of partial contact come into being as a direct result of the two-parameter foundation model. The numerical solution of the complete contact problem is straightforward. However, it is shown that the problem displays a highly non-linear character when the beam lifts off from the foundation. Numerical treatment of the governing equations is accomplished by adopting an iterative process to establish the contact length. Results are presented in figures to demonstrate the linear and non-linear behavior of the beam-foundation system for various values of the parameters of the problem comparatively.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.268-273
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• 2003

This paper presents hot spot behaviors on the rubbing surface of disk-pad type brake by using coupled thermal-mechanical analysis technique. The height of micro-asperity on the rubbing surface is usually 2∼3 ${\mu}$m in practical disk brakes. Non-uniform micro-contacts between the disk and the rigid friction pads lead to high local temperature distributions, which may cause the material degradation, and develop hot spots, thermal cracks, and brake system failure at the end for a braking period. The friction temperatures on the rubbing surface of disk brakes in which are strongly related to the hot spot and thermal related wears are rapidly concentrated on the micro-contact asperities during braking. The computed FEM results show that the contact stress, friction induced temperature and thermal strain are highly concentrated on the rubbing micro-contact asperities even though the braking speed and force are small during the braking period. This hot spot may directly produce the slippage and various thermal wears on the brake-rubbing surface.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.334-341
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• 2004

In this study, a remeshing algorithm adapted to the mesh density map using the Delaunay mesh generation method is developed. In the finite element simulation of forging process, the numerical error increases as the process goes on because of discrete property of the finite elements and distortion of elements. Especially, in the region where stresses and strains are concentrated, the numerical error will be highly increased. However, it is not desirable to use a uniformly fine mesh in the whole domain. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the analysis error by constructing locally refined mesh at the region where the error is concentrated such as at the die corner. In this paper, the point insertion algorithm is used and the mesh size is controlled by using a mesh density map constructed with a posteriori error estimation. An optimized smoothing technique is adopted to have smooth distribution of the mesh and improve the mesh element quality.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 1977

In decorative chromium plating, highly concentrated conventionl baths ($CrO_3$ 150~400g/l) have been used. Because of the problems of heavy metal pollution and the saving of raw materials, chromium plating from dilute bath has been developed recently. The present study was performed to determine the effects of all the variables in the low concentrated chromium plating bath, such as brightness, appearence, current efficiency, and plating rate with regard to the bath composition and plating conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1997.05b
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• pp.503-508
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• 1997

The effect of rotary inertia of concentrated masses on the natural vibration of the simply supported-simply supported fluid conveying pipe has been studied. For the analysis Galerkin's method is used fer transformation of the governing equation to the eigenvalue problem and the natural frequencies and mode shapes for the system have been found. Introduction of rotary inertia results in lots of change on the natural frequencies and mode shapes and its effect is highly noticed at the higher natural frequencies and mode shapes. Consideration of rotary inertia results in much decrease on the natural frequencies and its neglect could lead to erroneous results.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2006

Dust samples were collected from 10 middle and high schools in the Gochang-Gun, Korea. Heavy metal concentrations were determined for the dry-deposited dusts from indoor and outdoor of classroom and playground of each sampling site. Concentrations of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in indoor's dusts were highly concentrated. Also concentrations of Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in outdoor's dusts were highly concentrated. Concentrations of Cd, Cu and Zn in the dusts were much higher than the world average contents in soil and environmental orientation value. These levels are similar to those of the dust samples at middle schools and high schools located in Jeonju-city, Korea. Compared with concentrations of heavy metals in soils and dusts in Korea, the environment of indoor and outdoor of classroom is highly concentrated except for Cu, Zn. The concentrations of playground is less than that of residential dust and main road dust and playground in Jeonju-city. Playground dusts in 1 school exhibited the enhanced heavy metal pollution with a pollution index (Kloke, 1979) greater than 1.0, but indoor and outdoor dusts in 7 schools exhibited the enhanced heavy metal pollution with a pollution index (by Kloke) yester than 1.0.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine differences between male and female in heart rate due to 93% oxygen administration of the three levels (1L/min, 3L/min, and 5L/min). Ten healthy male (25.0$\pm$1.8years) and ten female (23.7$\pm$1.9years) college students were selected as the subjects for this study. The experiment consisted of three runs, i.e., the three levels of 93% oxygen administration, respectively. The each run consisted of three phases, i.e., Rest 1 (5min), Hyperoxia (10min), and Rest 2 (5min). Heart rate was measured throughout the three phases. Heart rate was decreased during hyperoxia compared to Rest 1 and 2. By increasing the supply rate of highly concentrated oxygen, ${\Delta}1$ (decreasing rate of heart rate during hyperoxia compared to Rest 1) was increased. And ${\Delta}2$ (decreasing rate of heart rate during hyperoxia compared to Rest 2) of male was lower than female, regardless of supply rate.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.235-244
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• 2005

In recent years, theoretical properties of Bayesian nonparametric survival models have been studied and the conclusion is that although there are pathological cases the popular prior processes have the desired asymptotic properties, namely, the posterior consistency and the Bernstein-von Mises theorem. In this study, through a simulation experiment, we study the finite sample properties of the Bayes estimator and compare it with the frequentist estimators. To our surprise, we conclude that in most situations except that the prior is highly concentrated at the true parameter value, the Bayes estimator performs worse than the frequentist estimators.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.203-210
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• 1998

Rail transport has grown over the Past decades, and rail networks have highly concentrated in urban area, and it is possible for rail passengers to choose a route anions a number of alternative routes. Analysis of factors influencing the choice of route, are required to estimate the rail travel demand of each route. In this paper, we describes route choice model for the transit assignment and characteristics of the route choice(i.e., by relative travel time and fares), and attempts to estimate travel demand of new rail transit based on the slated preference(SP) survey data of Nanko Porttown, which is located in Osaka, Japan.