• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.11-17
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• 2009

A numerical study of unsteady mixed convection in a cavity with high viscous fluid is presented. Finite volume method was employed for the discretization and PISO algorithm was used for calculating pressure term. The parameters governing the problem are the Rayleigh number ($10^3\;{\leq}\;Ra\;{\leq}\;10^5$), the Reynolds number (0 < Re $\leq$ 1), and the aspect ratio (0.5 $\leq$ AR $\leq$ 2). The fluid used is silicon oil, a high prandtl number fluid, Pr = 909.1. The results show velocity vectors and temperature distributions. It is found that the periodic flows in a cavity are observed at very low Reynolds numbers, and the period of periodic flow decreases with increasing Reynolds and Rayleigh numbers, and increases with increasing aspect ratio. Also, the Reynolds number range of periodic flow increases with increasing Rayleigh numbers and aspect ratio.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.24.1-24.1
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• 2005

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.861-869
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• 1997

An approximate analytical method has been developed for estimating hydrodynamic forces acting on oscillating inner cylinder in concentric annulus. When the rigid inner cylinder executes translational oscillation, fluid inertia and damping forces on the oscillating cylinder are generated by unsteady pressure and viscous skin friction. Considering the dynamic-characteristics of unsteady viscous flow and the added mass coefficient of inviscid fluid, these hydrodynamic forces including viscous effect are dramatically simplified and expressed in terms of oscillatory Reynolds number and the geometry of annular configuration. Thus, the viscous effect on the forces can be estimated very easily compared to an existing theory. The forces are calculated by two models developed for relatively high and low oscillatory Reynolds numbers. The model for low oscillatory Reynolds number is suitable for relatively high ratio of the penetration depth to annular space while the model for high oscillatory Reynolds number is applicable to the case of relatively low ratio. It is found that the transient ratio between two models is approximately 0.2~0.25 and the forcea are expressed in terms of oscillatory Reynolds number, explicity. The present results show good agreements with an existing numerical results, especially for high and low penetration ratios to annular gap.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06c
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• pp.59-63
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• 2001

A high-impulse, low-power, continuous-shot microthruster has been developed using low boiling temperature liquid-propellant with high viscous fluid-plug. The viscous friction force of the fluid-plug increases the blast pressure and the low boiling temperature liquid-propellant is intended to reduce input power consumption. The three-layer microthruster has been fabricated by surface micromachining as well as bulk micromachining in the size of $7{\times}13{\times}1.5mm^{3}$. A continuous output impulse bit of $6.4{\times}10^{-8}N{\cdot}sec$ has been obtained from the fabricated microthruster using perfluoro normal hexane (FC72) propellant and oil plug, resulting in about ten times increase of the impulse bit using one hundredth electrical input energy compared to the conventional continuous microthruster.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.369-375
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• 2015

This paper presents ejection of high viscosity fluids with magnetostrictive inkjet printhead(Magjet), which is not common with any other printhead. The MagJet uses a magnetostrictive material, Terfenol-D rod with 10-mm in diameter and 50-mm in length, as an actuation mechanism. It has been known that high viscosity is often an obstacle in ejecting small and mono-disperse droplets. We calculated required pressure with fluidic inertia (Bernoulli equation) and viscous loss (Hagen Poiseuille equation). The required pressure for ejecting a droplet is 1300kPa. The generated force and displacement with Terfenol-D rod are estimated to be 480N (2600kPa) and $28{\mu}m$, respectively. It was enough that Magjet eject high viscosity fluid (Max 1000cP). The experiments are performed to eject the high viscosity fluid with Magjet. The ejection of high viscosity fluids is successful with the aid of Terfenol-D's high performance.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.79-86
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• 2014

Mixed convective vortex flow in the three-dimensional rectangular channel filled with high viscous fluid(Pr=909) is investigated computationally under various operating conditions. The Reynolds number is varied from 0 to $5{\times}10^{-1}$, the Rayleigh number from $10^3$ to $5{\times}10^4$. The three-dimensional governing equations are discretized using the finite volume method. The effects of Reynolds number and Rayleigh number are presented and discussed. From a parametric study, it is found that vortex flow pattern of mixed convection in rectangular channels can be classified into three flow patterns basically, but the new vortex flow structures containing wave rolls are found, which are affected by Rayleigh number and Reynolds number. From this results, we can draw a flow regime map to delineate various vortex flow patterns in the high viscosity fluid mixed convective flow.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.36-42
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• 2015

TMixed convective flow in a bottom heated and top cooled rectangular channel can be significantly affected by the channel aspect ratio, Prandtl number, Reynolds number, Rayleigh number and angle of inclination. In such a mixed convection, the flow pattern plays an important role in various technological processes. In this study, a numerical investigation is carried out to explore mixed convection in a three-dimensional rectangular channel with bottom heated and top cooled uniformly. The three-dimensional governing equations are discretized using the finite volume method. In the range of low Reynolds number($0{\leq}Re{\leq}9.6{\times}10^{-2}$), the effects of the aspect ratio($2{\leq}AR{\leq}12$) and Gr/Re are presented and discussed. The longitudinal roll number in the channel is increased with increasing aspect ratio, and the roll number induced, regardless of the aspect ratio number, is even in the range of aspect ratios between 2 and 12, New vortex flow structure containing inclined longitudinal rolls is found, which is affected by aspect ratio and Reynolds number. The ratio Gr/Re is used to check the relative magnitudes of forced and natural convection in the mixed convective flow of high viscous fluid.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.7 no.2 s.23
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• pp.21-26
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• 2004

In this study the effects of fluid viscosity on the pump performances for a conventional centrifugal pump were experimentally investigated. The study aimed to compare the pump characteristics between water and viscosity fluids. In order to measure the flow rate and pressure, v-notch welt and bourdon pressure gauges were used for the codes of KS B6301 and KS B6302. The working fluids were water, aqueous sugar and glycerin solutions. The results were summarized as follows : The experimental results were summarized as follows : the pump characteristics of the total head, shaft power, and efficiency with high viscosity fluids were different from those of water. When the viscosity of the applied fluid was increased, the total head and efficiency were more decreased than those of water. The decreasing gradients of the total head and the efficiency were larger than water due to the increased disk friction losses at the duty operation point. However, the shut-off head was almost constant regardless the viscosity of applied fluids. Each efficiency curves for the sugar $20w\%$ and glycerin $20w\%$ solutions was decreased up to $15.1\%$ and $34.4\%$ than that of water, respectively.

• Journal of Drive and Control
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.27-33
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• 2016

In hydraulic machinery, the hydraulic fluid acts primarily as working fluid and secondarily as a lubricant. Hence, the viscous friction force acting on the sliding components should be reduced to improve the mechanical efficiency. It is now well known that the surface texturing is a useful method for friction reduction. In this study, using a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code, FLUENT, the lubrication characteristics of a surface textured slider bearing under high boundary pressure difference is studied. The streamlines, velocity profiles, pressure distributions, load capacity, friction force and leakage flowrate are highly affected by the film thickness ratio and the textured region. Partial texturing at the inlet region of the inclined slider bearing can reduce both friction force and leakage flowrate than in the untextured case. The present results can be used to improve the lubrication characteristics of hydraulic machinery.

• Transactions of The Korea Fluid Power Systems Society
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.23-29
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• 2005

In order to improve the efficiency of hydraulic gear pumps or motors especially for high operating pressure, power losses due to viscous friction and leak flow through gear teeth end-gaps are considered in this paper. Optimal gaps minimizing the power loss for pumps and motors with uniform heights of gaps are analysed first. And the effect of the shapes of gaps with unequal heights on the power loss are studied and discussed by simulation. Considering that the outer shell lacing gear teeth may expand due to high internal pressure or thermal stress, the results drawn in this paper can be used for the design of high efficiency pumps and motors.