• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2011

Purpose: This study examined the impact factors of cesarean section based on the ecological approach in Korea. Methods: Population-based data (Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs) were used from 2,849 delivery cases during 2003~2009. Data were analyzed using geographic statistics with STATA 10.0 and hierarchical logistic regression with SPSS/WIN 12.0. Results: The range of cesarean section rate was 28.8~44.7% with geographic distribution. The proportion of mother's problem was increasing in choice of cesarean section. According to the ecological model, age of mother (OR=1.08), time of birth (OR=0.79), delivery in hospital (OR=1.83), delivery in clinic (OR=1.46), and education of mother (OR=2.61) had significant impact on cesarean section. Conclusion: This study contributes to provide the impact factors of the high cesarean rate in Korea ecologically. Policy maker and health care provider can consider these results to reduce cesarean section rate.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of early menarche on sexual experience among high school girls in South Korea. Methods: The study sample was comprised of 16,286 high school girls. Using statistics from the 11th (2015) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, hierarchical logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results: Among the girls, 5.8% reported early menarche. Early menarche was associated with sexual experience (Odds Ratio (OR), 5.27; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 4.11-6.77). Controlled for sociodemographic, emotional and health behavior characteristics, early menarche was associated with sexual experience (OR, 3.98; 95% CI, 3.04-5.21). Conclusion: The results indicate that early menarche predicts an increase in sexual experience among female adolescents. Therefore, health education programs and health policy for interventions to improve sexual health are required for girls who are expected to experience early menarche.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.133-139
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the influence of consecutive night-shift work and working time on insomnia among hospital nurses. Methods: A descriptive correlational research designutilizing secondary data analysis was adopted. Data on consecutive night-shift work, working time, and insomnia were collected from 64 hospital nurses using a Fitbit activity tracker and questionnaires, and analyzed using hierarchical logistic regression. Results: Consecutive night-shift work for more than three days had a significant influence on insomnia among hospital nurses. Weekly working hours also accounted significantly for the variance in insomnia, exceeding the influence of consecutive night-shift work. Conclusion: Development and implementation of proper schedules to control consecutive night-shift work and working time is important to alleviate insomnia among hospital nurses.

• 경영과학
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2014

As the scarcity of natural resources has become apparent, the recycling industry has emerged as a promising one for its growth potential. Yet, the recycling industry still remains undeveloped and inefficient for various reasons. In this study, we focus on firms' recycling processes to understand the current status of recycling firms' value creation activities. With respect to the adopted recycling processes, we empirically investigate the differences in firm characteristics and firm performance. We use the data from Keco (Korea Environment Cooperation) which annually conducts a survey of recycling firms in Korea. We exclusively consider the whole group of plastic recycling industry in order to control for a possible bias in firm performance, stemming from the heterogeneity in processing and recycling of materials other than plastics. We review the descriptive statistics from the sample firms and conduct a series of hierarchical regression analyses. The results show that most of the firms in this industry adopt physical transformation processes with a low-level technology. These firms with physical transformation processes are smaller in size and produce entry level items which do not secure higher margins. The results indicate that the recycling industry largely comprises low value added firms which lack economies of scale and resources for R&D. For the stable growth of the industry, recycling firms must create sustainable values through implementation of technology-driven processes and improvement in product quality. In addition, the government should help build a reliable reverse logistic network, lower the entry barriers, and provide necessary funding for the SMEs in the recycling industry.

• Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.47-52
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• 2020

Glucagon regulates glucose and fat metabolism as well as being involved in the production of ketone bodies. The new antidiabetic drug, a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor, increases glucagon, and reduces the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization due to heart failure. The presence of metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases(CVD) in type 2 diabetes(T2DM) patients. We, thus, investigated the association between glucagon levels and metabolic syndrome in T2DM patients. This cross-sectional study involved 317 T2DM patients. Fasting and postprandial (30 min after ingestion of a standard mixed meal) glucagon levels were measured. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation. A multiple regression logistic analysis was employed for statistical evaluation. A total of 219 (69%) subjects had metabolic syndrome. The fasting and postprandial glucagon levels did not differ between the group with metabolic syndrome and the group without. Postprandial glucagon levels increased significantly with the increase in the number of metabolic syndrome components, but the fasting levels did not. However, a hierarchical logistic regression analysis revealed that the postprandial glucagon levels did not contribute significantly to metabolic syndrome even after adjusting for other covariates. Fasting and postprandial glucagon levels are not associated with metabolic syndrome in T2DM patients. However, further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between glucagon and cardiovascular risk in patients with T2DM.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7207-7213
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• 2013

Background: Despite the efficacy of regular mammograms, the incidence and mortality rate of breast cancer have been increasing in China. Insufficient studies on the factors affecting mammography adherence in Chinese married women have been conducted. The purpose of the present study was to explore the factors associated with adherence to guidelines for regular mammography among Chinese married women. Materials and Methods: The participants were recruited conveniently and included Chinese and Korean Chinese women who were married, living at Yanbian City in China. Demographic information, status regarding eight risk factors of breast cancer, health responsibility, and perceived benefits/barriers of mammography were obtained. Descriptive analyses, t-test, and multivariate analysis were performed. Hierarchical logistic regression was conducted to explore the factors associated with regular mammography adherence in Chinese and Korean Chinese subgroups. Results: About 24% of the sample population was adherent in going for regular mammography. The adherent group was significantly more educated, had more children, and had a lower proportion experiencing early menarche and a greater menopausal proportion than the non-adherent group. The final model using logistic regression analysis showed that being Chinese [OR=2.199 (1.224-3.951)], having no or one child [OR=4.879 (1.835-12.976)], early menarche [OR=3.515 (1.057-11.694)], being menopausal [OR=3.120 (0.965-10.088)], aged 40-49 [OR=2.374 (1.099-5.124)], having low education [OR=0.400 (0.211-0.765)], and perceiving greater benefits in doing mammography [OR=1.080 (1.014-1.151)] were significantly associated with mammography adherence, after controlling for covariates. Conclusions: Sociocultural sensitive intervention for minorities should be emphasized when improving the adherence of regular mammography. Intervention tailored for women with lower education should be delivered and the benefits of mammography should be propagated to women in rural areas of China.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.253-266
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 한국 관광객의 중국 길거리음식에 대한 식품위험지각이 중국 길거리음식 시식의도에 미치는 영향과 그 관계에서 푸드 네오포비아의 조절효과를 검증하는 데 있다. 이 관계를 검증하기 위해 로지스틱 회귀분석과 위계적 로지스틱 회귀분석을 적용하였다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 식품위험지각 중 위생위험지각이 가장 높게 나왔고, 그 다음으로 신체위험지각, 사회심리적 위험지각이 순으로 나왔다. 둘째, 신체위험지각과 사회심리적 위험지각은 중국 길거리음식 시식의도에 유의적인 부(-)의 영향력이 있었지만, 위생위험지각은 유의적인 영향력이 없었다. 즉, 신체위험지각과 사회심리적 위험지각이 상승하면 시식의도는 유의적으로 낮아졌다. 셋째, 푸드 네오포비아는 위생위험지각과 중국 길거리 음식 시식의도간에 유의적인 부(-)의 조절효과가 있었지만 신체위험지각과 사회심리적 위험지각은 유의적인 조절효과가 없었다. 즉, 푸드 네오포비아가 높은 집단이 낮은 집단보다 위생위험지각이 시식의도에 미치는 부정적 영향력이 높게 나왔다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.184-196
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• 2017

Purpose: We investigated the effects of emotional labor and workplace violence on various physical and mental health outcomes among female workers. Methods: We obtained data from 24,760 female workers who participated in the 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey (2014). Hierarchical logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationships. Results: Female emotional workers were more exposed to workplace violence than were female non-emotional workers. Verbal abuse was the most common type of workplace violence. Logistic regression analyses revealed that (1) emotional labor was significantly associated with higher odds of having musculoskeletal or abdominal pain (physical health outcomes), along with overall fatigue (a mental health outcome), and (2) workplace violence experiences were significantly associated with higher odds of musculoskeletal pain, headache/eye strain, abdominal pain, depression/anxiety disorder, overall fatigue, and insomnia/sleep disturbance, after controlling for covariates. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that both emotional labor and workplace violence have negative effects on physical and mental health. However, workplace violence experience has a stronger negative impact on health outcomes than does emotional labor alone. A management system to eradicate workplace violence and programs aimed at managing emotional labor are urgently needed at the organizational level.

• 한국노년학
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.639-657
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• 2020

본 연구는 제7차 국민노후보장패널자료를 사용하여 노후준비에 대한 개인별 책임인식 차이가 경제적 노후준비에 미치는 영향을 소득수준에 따른 조절효과를 통해 분석하였다. 연구방법으로는 기술통계분석과 소득수준의 조절효과 분석을 위한 위계적 다중로지스틱 회귀분석(Hierarchical Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis)방법을 사용하였다. 1단계 모형에서는 통제변수와 독립변수인 '노후준비 책임인식'변수를, 2단계에선 조절변수인 '소득·욕구비율(INR)'을, 3단계에서는 독립변수와 조절변수를 조합한 '상호작용항'을 순차적으로 투입하여 분석하였다. 총 분석대상자는 3,869명으로 평균 연령은 58.9세였고, 남성이 전체의 55.3%를 차지하였다. 경제적 노후준비를 하고 있다고 응답한 경우는 전체의 35.8%에 불과하였으며, 준비하고 있지 않다고 응답한 경우가 64.2%로 약 2배 차이를 보였다. 주요 연구 분석 결과, 첫째, 노후준비에 대한 주된 역할이 타인이 아닌 자기 자신에게 있다고 응답하는 비율이 상대적으로 높게 나타났다. 본 연구에서 응답자 중 65%가 노후대책마련 책임이 자기 본인에게 있다고 응답하였는데, 이는 유럽의 37%보다도 높은 수치였다. 둘째, 노후준비에 대한 책임이 자기 자신에게 있다고 응답한 사람은 외부에 있다고 응답한 사람보다 경제적 노후준비를 하고 있는 경향을 보였다. 셋째, 소득수준은 노후준비에 대한 책임인식이 경제적 노후준비에 미치는 영향에 부(-)의 조절효과(moderating effect)를 보였다. 넷째, 소득수준이 증가할수록, 학력수준이 높을수록 경제적 노후준비를 하는 경향이 증가하고 있어 저소득·저학력학층은 고소득·고학력층에 비해 경제적 노후준비를 적게 하는 경향을 보였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 노후준비에 대한 자신의 책임의식이 높더라도 소득이 낮아 경제적 노후준비에 어려움을 경험하는 저소득·저학력층을 위한 다양한 실천적·정책적 방안을 제시하고 있다.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2005

사람들은 지식을 저장할 때 독립적으로 분리하여 저장하기 않고 지식을 조직화하여 저장한다. 이와 갈이 사람들이 지식을 위계적으로 저장하는 방법을 최적경로 탐색기법에 도입하고자 한다. 지금까지의 최적경로를 탐색하는 경우에는 각 링크의 통행비용만을 이용하여 교통정보를 제공하고 있다. 그 결과 실제 운전자들이 장거리 통행에서 최적경로를 탐색시 고속도로 선호도를 반영하는데 미흡하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 거리에 따른 경로탐색에 있어 binary logistic regression을 이용하여 간선도로 선택확률모형을 개발하여 장거리를 탐색할 때 도로의 위계를 반영하는 최적경로탐색기법을 도입하였다. 또한 최적 경로를 탐색할 경우에 기존 방법은 탐색 시점을 기준으로 한 교통상황을 기반으로 최적경로를 제공하였다. 이는 운전자가실제로 주행을 하면서 경험하게 되는 링크의 통행시간과는 차이를 보이게 된다. 이런 단점을 해결하기 위해 링크의 통행시간을 예측하는 방안이 있다. 확률과정 모형을 이용하여 예측된 링크 통행기간을 기반으로 최적경로 탐색에 적용하였다. 확률과정 모형은 장기 예측에는 다른 모형보다 오차가 적게 발생하며 데이터 양이 많이 축척되어 있는 경우에 다른 예측기법보다 유리하다. 데이터가 균일하게 있지 않아도 적용이 가능하다. 도로 위계를 고려한 방법과 기존의 방법의 탐색속도를 비교한 결과 탐색 노드의 수가 증가함에 따라서 위계를 고려한 방법이 기존의 방법보다 탐색속도가 향상된다. 도로위계를 고려한 방법을 적용하여 탐색한 결과와 택시운전사들의 설문조사를 통해 얻어진 답안을 서로 비교한 결과 많이 일치함을 알 수 있었다.