Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5807/kjohn.2017.26.3.184

Effects of Emotional Labor and Workplace Violence on Physical and Mental Health Outcomes among Female Workers: The 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey  

Kim, Eunjoo (College of Nursing, Seoul National University)
Yoon, Ju Young (Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing / v.26, no.3, 2017 , pp. 184-196 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: We investigated the effects of emotional labor and workplace violence on various physical and mental health outcomes among female workers. Methods: We obtained data from 24,760 female workers who participated in the 4th Korean Working Conditions Survey (2014). Hierarchical logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationships. Results: Female emotional workers were more exposed to workplace violence than were female non-emotional workers. Verbal abuse was the most common type of workplace violence. Logistic regression analyses revealed that (1) emotional labor was significantly associated with higher odds of having musculoskeletal or abdominal pain (physical health outcomes), along with overall fatigue (a mental health outcome), and (2) workplace violence experiences were significantly associated with higher odds of musculoskeletal pain, headache/eye strain, abdominal pain, depression/anxiety disorder, overall fatigue, and insomnia/sleep disturbance, after controlling for covariates. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that both emotional labor and workplace violence have negative effects on physical and mental health. However, workplace violence experience has a stronger negative impact on health outcomes than does emotional labor alone. A management system to eradicate workplace violence and programs aimed at managing emotional labor are urgently needed at the organizational level.
Keywords
Emotional labor; Workplace violence; Female workers; Health; Korean working condition survey;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 National Human Rights Commission of the Republic of Korea. (2017). Recommendation for human rights management and improvement to female emotional laborer. Seoul: Author.
2 Park, S. H. (2015). Analysis of characteristic of emotional labor occupation using KNOW and its policy implication, Employment trends brief, 45(10), 2-13.
3 Pugliesi, K. (1999). The consequences of emotional labor: Effects on work stress, job satisfaction, and well-being. Motivation and Emotion, 23(2), 125-154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1021329112679   DOI
4 Schaubroeck, J., & Jones, J. R. (2000). Antecedents of workplace emotional labor dimensions and moderators of their effects on physical symptoms. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21(2), 163-183.   DOI
5 Shin, M. K., & Kang, H. L. (2011). Effects of emotional labor and occupational stress on somatization in nurses. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration, 17(2), 158-167.   DOI
6 VandenBos, G. R., & Bulatao, E. Q. (1996). Violence on the job: Identifying risks and developing solutions. Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10215-000
7 Wieclaw, J., Agerbo, E., Bo Mortensen, P., Burr, H., Tuchsen, F., & Bonde, J. P. (2008). Psychosocial working conditions and the risk of depression and anxiety disorders in the Danish workforce. BMC Public Health, 8, 280-280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-8-280   DOI
8 Yoo, M., Lee, S., & Kang, M. Y. (2015). Gender and educational level modify the relationship between workplace mistreatment and health problems: a comparison between South Korea and EU countries. Journal of occupational health, 57(5), 427-437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1539/joh.14-0270-OA   DOI
9 Yoon, S. L., & Kim, J. H. (2013). Job related stress, emotional labor, and depressive symptoms among Korean nurses. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 45(2), 169-176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jnu.12018   DOI
10 Barling, J. (1996). The prediction, experience, and consequences of workplace violence. Violence on the job: Identifying risks and developing solutions, 29-49.
11 Baron, R. A., & Neuman, J. H. (1996). Workplace violence and workplace aggression: Evidence on their relative frequency and potential causes. Aggressive Behavior, 22(3), 161-173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-2337(1996)22:3<161:: AID-AB1>3.0.CO;2-Q   DOI
12 Chang, H. E., & Cho, S. H. (2016). Workplace violence and job outcomes of newly licensed nurses. Asian Nursing Research, 10(4), 271-276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anr.2016.09.001   DOI
13 Hong, E. Y., & Kim, S. D. (2012). Health status and affecting factors related to job among Korean women employees. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, 13(9), 4107-4118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2012.13.9.4107   DOI
14 Choi, E. S., Jung, H.S., Kim, S.H., & Park, H. (2010). The influence of workplace violence on work-related anxiety and depression experience among Korean employees. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 40(5), 650-661. http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2010.40.5.650   DOI
15 Grandey, A. A., Kern, J. H., & Frone, M. R. (2007). Verbal abuse from outsiders versus insiders: comparing frequency, impact on emotional exhaustion, and the role of emotional labor. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12(1), 63-79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.12.1.63   DOI
16 Hochschild, A. R. (1983). The managed heart: Commercialization of human feeling. Berkeley: T. University of California Press.
17 Huang, J. L., Chiaburu, D. S., Zhang, X. A., Li, N., & Grandey, A. A. (2015). Rising to the challenge: Deep acting is more beneficial when tasks are appraised as challenging. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100(5), 1398-1408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0038976   DOI
18 International Labour Organization. (2016). Workplace stress: A collective challenge. Turin: the International Training Centre of the ILO.
19 Kim, H. (2010). Occupational diseases produced by emotional labor. Hanyang Medical Reviews, 30(4), 284-289.   DOI
20 Kim, H. (2015). Emotional labor and health among working women. Ewha Journal of Gender and Law, 7(1), 33-50.
21 Kim, H. A. (2016). A study on misuse and reevaluation of the concept of emotional labor: Focusing on a case study of call center labor. Unpublished master's thesis, Ewha Womans University, Seoul.
22 Kim, Y. K., & Cha, N. H. (2015). Correlations among occupational stress, fatigue, and depression in call center employees in Seoul. Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 27(10), 3191-3194. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/jpts.27.3191   DOI
23 Kim, H. J., & Choo, J. (2017). Emotional labor: Links to depression and work-related musculoskeletal disorders in call center workers. Workplace Health & Safety, 65(8), 346-354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2165079916667512   DOI
24 Kim, J. B., Lee, G. J., Park, J. A., & Han, S. H. (2003). The affecting factors on health status among selected female labor workers. Korean Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 13(2), 164-171.
25 Kim, J. J. (2016). A study of labor and health status of retailer service sales and its improvement, Labour Society Bulletin, 188, 126-137.
26 Lallukka, T., Rahkonen, O., & Lahelma, E. (2011). Workplace bullying and subsequent sleep problems-the Helsinki Health Study. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 204-212. http://dx.doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3137
27 Lee, B. (2007). Development of a model for emotional labor worker's health. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing, 16(1), 78-88.
28 Lee, B. (2014). The relationship between emotional working hour and muscle pain. Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing, 23(4), 269-276. http://dx.doi.org/10.5807/kjohn.2014.23.4.269   DOI
29 Lee, S., Park. J. O., Park. J., & IRC Inc. (2015). Current status, risk factors, and health effect of emotional labor among workers dealing with clients (2015-Research Institute-1148), Ulsan: Occupational Safety and Health.
30 Mueller, S., & Tschan, F. (2011). Consequences of client-initiated workplace violence: The role of fear and perceived prevention. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 16(2), 217-229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0021723   DOI