• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.105-113
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was performed to analyze the quality of Ojeok-san extract powders distributed in Korea. Methods : HPLC analyses of Ojeok-san decoction produced in laboratory and 8 kinds of Ojeok-san extract powders were done. Also, quantity analyses of paeoniflorin in Paeonia lactiflora, Glycyrrhizin in Glycyrrhiza uralensis, alkaloid in Ephedra sinica, Hesperidin in Citrus unshiu Markovich, and cinnamic acid in Cinnamomum cassia Blume were performed to investigate the accurate content of 6 kinds of Ojeok-san extract powders. Results : In the pattern analysis, the peaks were compared. The content of components in herbal extract powders was 14.7 to 15.8% of that of decoction in average. The range was measured from 8.5 to 25.7%. The pattern comparison showed significant differences among the pharmaceutical companies' products. As for the quantity analysis, one of herbal extract powder contained insufficient amount of Paeonia lactiflora components and one of herbal extract powder was in short of Ephedra sinica components. All of the others contained more than standard component(over 90%). Conclusions : Because herbal extract powders are also medicine, standardized manufacturing methods and consistent quality management are necessary. Therefore exaction and operation of national standards and various researches to improve the quality management of herbal extract powders is urgent.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.908-914
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• 2012

To investigate the difference and change of ingredient and efficacy of Galgeun-tang (GGT) according to extraction solvent, water and 70% EtOH, the quantities of index components and the several in vitro activities of two kinds of GGT extract were compared. The contents of extracts were analyzed with HPLC. The biological activities such as anti-inflammatory and anti-obesity effects were measured through cell line-based in vitro assay. The cytotoxicity was measured by CCK-8 assay in RAW 264.7 cell, BEAS-2B cell, HaCaT cell and 3T3-L1 cell. We compared effects of two kinds of extract by measuring NO, PGE2, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ in RAW264.7 cell, RANTES in BEAS-2B cell, MDC and RANTES in HaCaT cell and GPDH activity and leptin level in differentiated 3T3-L1. 70% EtOH extract of GGT contained more compositions than water extract. The inhibitory effect of water extract of GGT on NO in RAW 264.7 cell and GPDH activity in 3T3-L1 was stronger than that of 70% EtOH. 70% EtOH has a stronger inhibitory effect on PGE2 in RAW264.7 cell, RANTES in BEAS-2B cell, MDC, RANTES in HaCaT cell, leptin in 3T3-L1 cell than water extraction. These results suggest that the ingredient and efficacy from 70% EtOH extract of GGT are more effective than water extract.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.34 no.4 s.135
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• pp.339-343
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• 2003

We investigated the effects of Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS) on high fat diet- induced obesity in C57BL/6 that received ad libitum exposure to a high fat diet for 8 weeks. Male C57BL/6 mice weighing $20.1{\pm}0.95\;g$ were divided into four groups and the body weight and food intake were weighed for 8 weeks. After the administration of RVS extract, the liver, subcutaneous and retroperitoneal adipose tissue in the mice were weighed and common blood count in whole blood and biochemical parameters in plasma were measured. It was founded that body weight increase was significantly suppressed by the oral administration of RVS extract in group with high fat diet. Weight of subcutaneous adipose tissue and concentration of triglyceride in plasma from mice which were administrated RVS extract were lower than obesity control group. These results suggest that RVS extract may effect on inhibition of diet-induced obesity.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.150-159
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• 2020

Objectives: This case report describes the management of three patients with menopausal disorder treated with Jaeumganghwa-tang, an herbal extract in national health insurance. Methods: Three patients suffering from Menopause disorder were hospitalized and treated with herbal extract Jaeumganghwa-tang for 4 weeks. This study was measured by Kupperman's Index, Menopause Rating Scale and EuroQol-Five Dimensions. Results: The symptoms of menopausal disorder have improved after treating with Jaeumganghwa-tang. Also the Kupperman's Index and Menopause Rating Scale have decreased, while the EuroQol-Five Dimensions has increased. Conclusions: As seen in these three cases, Jaeumganghwa-tang in herbal extract form has effects on the management of menopause disorder.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was investigation of quantitative analysis of marker substances in Paeonia lactiflora extracts by solid fermentation. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of albiflorin and paeoniflorin in P. lactiflora extracts by solid fermentation, the separation method was performed on C18 column ($250\;mm\;{\times}\;4.6\;mm$, $5\;{\mu}m$, RS tech) using gradient solvent mixtures of water-acetonitrile with photodiode array detector (230nm). The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min. Retention time of albiflorin and paeoniflorin was about 28.88, 31.92 min and linearity of calibration was showed good result(r2 = 0.9998, 0.9996), respectively. Content of albiflorin was $0.090\;{\pm}\;0.03%$ in P. lactiflora extract(control), $0.102\;{\pm}\;0.00%$ in P. lactiflora extract fermented with Paecilomyces japonica, $0.056\;{\pm}\;0.01%$ in P. lactiflora extract fermented with Ganoderma lucidum, $0.093\;{\pm}\;0.00%$ in P. lactiflora extract fermented with honey and $0.046\;{\pm}\;0.00%$ in P. lactiflora extract fermented with Nuruk. Content of paeoniflorin was $4.506\;{\pm}\;0.13%$ in control, $2.599\;{\pm}\;0.04%$ in P. lactiflora extract fermented with Paecilomyces japonica, $1.222\;{\pm}\;0.03%$ in P. lactiflora extract fermented with Ganoderma lucidum, $2.750\;{\pm}\;0.05%$ in P. lactiflora extract fermented with honey and $0.847\;{\pm}\;0.00%$ in P. lactiflora extract fermented with Nuruk, respectively. Content of the marker substances did not increase in all fermentation experiment group.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2020

Background: Although Gastrodia elata contains the valuable, bio-active compounds gastrodin and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (4-HBA), it also contain ρ-cresol, which is a major source of an objectionable pig slurry-like odor. Accordingly, this study was performed to determine the deodorization effect of Diaion HP-20 resin on a G. elata extract. Methods and Results: Using Diaion HP-20 with an increasing concentration of ethanol, an extract of G. elata was fractionated into 15 fractions, which were anlayzed to determine their concentrations of active compounds and ρ-cresol. The gastrodin, 4-HBA, total phenolics, and ρ-cresol concentrations of the G. elata extract were 403.13, 408.15, 2,476.09, and 11.77 ㎍/㎖, respectively. Among the different fractions, gastrodin and 4-HBA were detected in fractions 3 to- 6, and 4 to- 10, respectively whereas total phenolics were detected in all samples, with fractions 5 to- 7 being characterized by higher concentrations than were the other fractions. ρ-Cresol was detected in fractions 12 to- 15, at concentrations ranging from 0.39 ㎍/㎖ to 6.05 ㎍/㎖ with the highest concentration detected in fraction 14. The fractions containing ρ-cresol could be selectively separated from the G. elata extract without the loss of major bio-active compounds such as gastrodin and 4-HBA. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that a deodorizing method using Diaion HP-20 resin can be considered for improving the sensory qualities of G. elata extract without a loss of the major bio-active compounds.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.47-52
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• 2012

The aim of this study was to investigate the acute toxicity and safety of fermented Soshiho-tang extract using male and female ICR mice. Mice were treated with fermented Soshiho-tang extract once orally at 1250, 2500 or 5000 mg/kg and observed for two weeks. At the doses used, no mortality or abnormal clinical signs in animals were shown during at the observation period. In addition, no differences were found between control and treated groups in body weight, hematology and biochemical analysis, and other findings. Above data strongly suggest that no observed adverse effect level of fermented Soshiho-tang extract might be over 5000 mg/kg/day in this study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1996.04a
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• pp.244-244
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• 1996

In previous studies we reported that the levels of RBC, hemoglobulin and hematocrit in SAM Rl and SAM P6 were increased significantly from 7 day after oral administration of the pilose antler extract, 5g/kg/day, and were lasted during the study. Therefore, this study was performed to elucidate mechanism of erythropoietic action by the extract administration. SAM Rl and SAM P6 were chosen as experimental animals. At age of 12 weeks, pilose antler extract were given 0.3 and 5 g/kg/day (p.o.) each for 0, 7 and 14 days in both animals. Complete blood cells (CBC) such as WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, RBC, hemoglobulin, and hematocrit were counted. And plasma concentration of erythropoietin (EPO) which is the major regulator of erythropoiesis was measured using $\^$125/I-antierythropoietin IgG. Ferritin concentration in plasma was also analyzed.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.75-78
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• 2007

The periodontal diseases and dental caries are major infectious diseases in oral cavity. Many of the preventive and therapeutic dental products contain the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory components. But some of these antimicrobial have weak points such as coloration, burning sensation and insolubility in water. We have screened the therapeutic herbal extracts of the Plant Extract Bank for the antimicrobial activity on the major dental pathogens by growth inhibition assay. For the Porphyromonas gingivalis, 8 herbal extracts had an antimicrobial activity, 11 herbal extracts for the Prevotella intermedia, 43 herbal extracts for the Haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans and 61 herbal extracts for the Streptococcus mutans. Among these extracts, 6 herbal extracts had an antimicrobial activity for more than 3 species of dental pathogens. These extracts are Araliae Cordatae Radix, Crassirhizomae Rhizoma, Mori Radicis Cortex, Psoraleae Semen, Pini Ramulus and Sieges- beckiae Herba. All of effective extracts were CA group, ethanol extracts. Among these 6 herbal extracts, only Crassirhizomae is known to have a antibacterial effects. Therefore these herbal extracts have a possibility to be a candidate for a major antibacterial components in dental products.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.175-184
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• 2022

The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects of Coreopsis lanceolate extract against hydrogen-peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced oxidative damage and cell death in pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbebzothiazoloine-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activities, as well as the expression levels of proteins associated with oxidative damage and cell death were investigated. According to the results, C. lanceolate extract exhibited inhibitory activity against intracellular ROS generation and cell-damaging effects induced by hydroxyl radicals in a dose-dependent manner. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 22.3 mg·g^-1 gallic acid equivalent and 16.2 mg·g^-1 catechin equivalent, respectively. Additionally, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay based on the internal standard method used to detect phenolic compounds. The phenolic compounds identified in C. lanceolata extract contained (+)-catechin hydrate (5.0 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1), ferulic acid (1.6 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1), chlorogenic acid (1.5 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1), caffeic acid (1.2 ± 0.0 mg·g-1), naringin (0.9 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1), and p-coumaric acid (0.5 ± 0.0 mg·g^-1). C. lanceolata extract attenuated pro-apoptotic Bax expression levels and enhanced the expression levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, caspase-3, and caspase-9 proteins. Therefore, C. lanceolata is a potential source of materials with neuroprotective properties against neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.