• Title/Summary/Keyword: hepatopancreas

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Biological Effect with Remove the Attached Organisms of Haliotis discus hannai (북방전복 Haliotis discus hannai의 부착생물 제거에 따른 생물학적 영향)

  • So Ryung, Shin;Hyeon Jin, Kim;Doo-Jin, Hwang;Hyun Chool, Shin;Jung Sick, Lee
    • Journal of Marine Life Science
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.154-162
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    • 2022
  • In this study, data on the types and density of abalone attached organisms were provided in marine net cage of the southern coast. In addition, the effect of the removal of attached organisms was evaluated. In marine net cage, oysters, bryozoa, and barnacles were dominated among the attached organisms, and their average area ratio was about 57.5%. The growth rate and hepatopancreas condition were better in removal group of attached organisms than control group. Therefore, it is judged that the removal of attached organisms from abalone is necessary for the growth of individuals and improvement of value.

Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Ruditapes philippinarum (바지락 (Ruditapes philippinarum) 의 중금속 축적에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Yong-Seok;Jo, Yong-Hun;Byun, In-Sun;Kang, Se-Won;Cho, Eun-Mi;Han, Yeon-Soo;Choi, Sang-Haeng;Park, Hong-Seog;Kho, Weon-Gyu;Ahn, In-Young;Jeong, Kye-Heon
    • The Korean Journal of Malacology
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.157-165
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    • 2006
  • The present study was conducted to confirm that a bivalve Ruditapes philippinarum can be used as a biomarker for the monitoring of the heavy metal pollution in the silt of the marine environment. The clams were collected from the silt of Cheonsu-bay, Buheung-ri, and Tan-island of the West Sea, Korea. To observe the normal structures of the target organs (hepatopancreas and gill), they were dissected out for the immunohistochemical study and the electron microscopy with TEM, SEM, and SEM-EDS. The immunohistochemical study showed that the interdiverticular connective tissues of the hepatopancreas, and the outer epithelium of the gill lamellae was strongly reacted to anti-metallothionein (MT), indicating the presence of MT, a metal-binding protein, involved in metal detoxifying process. According to the examinations under the TEM, the epithelial cells of the hepatopancreas of the clams collected from polluted area (Tan-island) showed certain changes such as swollen rER, swollen nuclear envelope and inclusion bodies in the nulcei. In the SEM-EDS analysis, tissue of the hepatopancreas showed relatively higher concentration of S, Zn, and Cd. These elements are supposed to be concerning with the MT-reaction in the hepatopancreas. Considering that the coastal bivalve R. philippinarum showed immediate subcellular responses to heavy metal pollution in the overall experiments conducted, this species might act as one of efficient biomarkers for the heavy metal contamination in the marine environment.

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Physiological Studies on Acute Water-temperature Stress of Juvenile Abalone, Haliotis discus hannai (급격한 수온 스트레스에 따른 전복, Haliotis discus hannai 치패의 생리학적 연구)

  • Kim Tae-Hyung;Yang Moon-Hyu;Choe Mi-Kyung;Han Seok-Jung;Yeo In-Kyu
    • Journal of Aquaculture
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.7-12
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    • 2005
  • This study was conducted to investigate antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) mRNA variation in hepatopancreas of abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) cultured under several acute water temperatures. Abalones were cultured at 10, 15, 20, 25 and $30^{\circ}C$, for 0, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours, respectively. The HSP70 mRNA expression in hepatopancreas was more increased at $30^{\circ}C$ compared to those at 10. 15, 20 (control) and $25^{\circ}C$. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was increased in hepato-pancreas at all water temperature conditions compared to the control ($20^{\circ}C$). The SOD activity at high water temperature (25 and $30^{\circ}C$) tended to be increased after 12 hours, and was increased immediately after exposure to low water temperature (10 and $15^{\circ}C$). and then was recovered to starting level after the increase. Also, catalase (CAT) activity in hepatopancreas was increased in all the groups except for at $10^{\circ}C$ than the control ($20^{\circ}C$). Survival rate of abalone was $100\%$ at 10, 15, 20 and $25^{\circ}C$, but $92\%$ at $30^{\circ}C$. Thus, according to our study, when abalone is appeared at $20^{\circ}C$, defense mechanism against stress at low water temperature can be accelerated to be stabilized at about $5^{\circ}C$. In the case of exposure of abalone to high water temperature, antioxidant enzyme and HSP70 expression were increased due to elevated physiological stimulation factor, such as temperature.

Purification of the Yolk Protein, and Identification of the Synthetic Site of Its Precursor in Eriocheir japonicus (Decapoda, Brachiura) (동남참게(Eriocheir japonicus)의 난황단백질 정제와 그 전구체의 합성부위 구명)

  • HAN Chang-Hee;BAE Hyun-Hwan
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.25 no.5
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    • pp.432-442
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    • 1992
  • To identify the histological site of synthesis of yolk protein precursor, vitellogenin, by immunocytochemical method in the freshwater crab Eriocheir japonicus, we purified the yolk protein, vitellin, from crude egg extracts, and prepared the anti-rabbit serum against vitellin. Then, the site of vitellogenin synthesis was demonstrated by immunotytochemical method with PAP(peroxidase-antiperoxidase) reaction using the rabbit antiserum aganist vitellin. Female specific serum protein was identified in female serum by immunoelectrophoresis and Ouchterlony's immunodiffusion test for mature male and female sera. Based on the immunoelectrophoresis and Ouchterlony's diffusion test for mature male and female sera and crude egg extracts using antiserum against vitellogenic female serum absorbed with male serum, the female specific serum protein was identified as vitellogenin, detected in female serum only. The major yolk protein, vitellin, was purified from the crude egg extracts by DEAE-cellulose ion exchange chromatography, followed by sepharose CL-4B gel filteration chromatography. The molecular weight of vitellin was estimated to be about 245,000 dalton by sepharose CL-4B gel filteration chromatography. from the results of immunological analysis for vitellin, it was found that the vitellin antiserum contained the antibody against vitellogenin. In the results of immunocytochemical reaction by PAP method with the rabbit antiserum against vitellin, the vitellogenic oocytes and the hepatopancreas of mature female showed positive PAP reaction, but not in follicle cells and previtellogenic oocytes nf ovary, muscle of female and mature male hepatopancreas. Therefore, it showed that the hepatopancreas of mature female is the site of vitellogenic synthesis.

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Lowering the Bitterness of Enzymatic Hydrolysate Using Aminopeptidase-active Fractions from the Common Squid (Todarodes pacificus) Hepatopancreas (살 오징어(Todarodes pacificus) 간췌장으로부터 aminopeptidase 활성 획분의 쓴맛 개선 효과)

  • Kim, Jin-Soo;Kim, Hye-Suk;Lee, Hyun Ji;Park, Sung Hwan;Kim, Ki Hyun;Kang, Sang In;Heu, Min Soo
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.46 no.6
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    • pp.716-722
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    • 2014
  • Aminopeptidase-active fractions from crude extract of the hepatopancreas of a common squid (Todarodes pacificus) were obtained using acetone (AC; 30-40%) and ammonium sulfate precipitation (AS; 60-70% saturation), anion exchange (AE-II; 0.2 M NaCl) and gel filtration chromatography (GF-I; 30-50 kDa), respectively. The debittering capacity of GF-I fraction based on the aminopeptidase activity (89.2 U/mg), recovery (56.6%) and sensory evaluation (1.0) was better than that of other fractions. Release of amino acids increased as incubation time was increased, and the bitterness of the enzyme reaction mixtures decreased. Incubation with the GF-I fraction for 24 h resulted in the hydrolysis of several peptides, as revealed by reverse-phase HPLC profiles. Peaks 3, 5 and 6 showed the decreased area (%), whereas peaks 1, 2 and 4 showed the increased area. The GF-I fractions were found to be suitable for reducing bitterness in protein hydrolysates by catalyzing the hydrolysis of bitter peptides.

Tissue concentrations of quercitrin in spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) after extended feeding with fish mint (Houttuynia cordata) extract (어성초 (Houttuynia cordata) 추출물을 장기간 투여한 점농어 (Lateolabrax maculatus)에서 조직내 quercitrin 잔류 농도)

  • Bak, Su-Jin;Bae, Jun Sung;Lee, Chae Won;Park, Kwan Ha
    • Journal of fish pathology
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.115-122
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    • 2018
  • The Houttuynia cordata has been utilized for various beneficial purposes in humans mainly because of its potent antioxidant principle quercitrin present in this plant. This study examines the possibility of producing a functional sea food commodity containing active principle quercitrin by feeding H. cordata for a extended period. Spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) were fed a diet containing H. cordata at 0.1-1.0% levels for 1 month and tissue concentrations of quercitrin were analyzed in serum, hepatopancreas and muscle. It was observed that quercitrin was found in the ranking order of hepatopancreas>muscle>serum. After a bolus administration of quercitrin (20 mg/kg, oral) to spotted sea bass and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), idential rank order was observed after 48 hr. In contrast, the order was liver>serum>muscle in rat and mice, indicating that higher quercitrin distribution occurs to the muscle in fishes compared with in mammals tested. High residue concentration of qeurcitrin in the edible tissue can be an advantageous property in terms of functional food production. High level H. cordata extract inclusion of 1.0% seems to have detrimental effects in spotted sea bass leading to growth retardation and hepatic damage. It was concluded that incorporation of H. cordata extract into diet can be a way of producing healthy foods. However the level of active extract needs fine tuning to avoid toxicity to fishes.

Characterization of Fucoidanase Screened from the Hepatopancreas of Patinopecten yessoensis (가리비(Patinopecten yessoensis)의 간 췌장으로부터 분리한 Fucoidanase의 특성)

  • 류병호;김동석;이영숙
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.25-29
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    • 1996
  • A fucoidanase, which was screened from the heptopancreas of Patinopectin yessoensis, was fractionated according to by ammounium sulfate precipitation and anion exchange chromatography. The crude fucoidanase activity was hydrolyzed a small amounts of fucoidan agar and not arrageenan. The crude enzyme hydrolyzed fucoidan to produce oligosaccha-rides of fucose, glucose, maltose maltotriose and maltoteraose as the reaction products.

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Oxidative Stress Response of the Abalone Haliotis discus hannai Acute Exposed to Nickel Chloride (NiCl2) (염화니켈 (NiCl2) 급성노출에 따른 북방전복 Haliotis discus hannai의 산화스트레스 반응)

  • Kim, Suji;Kim, Kyeong Mi;Kang, So Young;Lee, Jung Sick
    • The Korean Journal of Malacology
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.285-290
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    • 2015
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nickel chloride ($NiCl_2$) exposure on oxidative stress of the abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Experimental groups were composed of one control condition and five nickel chloride exposure conditions (5.9, 8.8, 13.3, 20.0, 30.0 mg/L). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was increased in the foot and hepatopancreas, but decreased in the gill. Catalase (CAT) activity was increased in all exposure groups except 20.0 mg/L and 30.0 mg/L. In the gill, CAT activity was similar to the control group for all exposure groups. In the hepatopancreas, CAT activity was increased compared with the control group. However SOD and CAT activity showed not significant differences (P > 0.05).

Toxicity of doxycycline, a broad-spectrum semi-synthetic antibiotic, in Pacific whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) (흰다리새우(Litopenaeus vannamei)에서 광범위 반합성 항생제 doxycycline의 독성연구)

  • Lee, Chae Won;Bae, Jun Sung;Yang, Chan Yeong;Jeoung, Eun Ha;Lee, Ji-Hoon;Park, Kwan Ha
    • Journal of fish pathology
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.45-53
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    • 2020
  • Doxycycline is a semi-synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic, and it has been used to get rid of bacteria in animals and humans. The use of antibiotics has greatly contributed to the aquaculture production although its misuse sometimes presents public health problems. This study was performed to investigate the toxic effects of doxycycline on whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) administered for possible infection treatments. The shrimp were allocated into four groups and doxycycline was fed three times a day for 7 days at 0, 20, 50 and 100 mg/kg to each group. After 24 hr following the 7-day treatment, hemolymph and hepatopancreas were used for blood and biochemical analysis: Total hemocyte counts, Total protein, Total cholesterol, Gluscose, Glutamic pyruvic transaminase, Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, Glutathione peroxidase, Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione-s-transferases, Total antioxidant capacity colorimetric and Acid phosphatase. In addition, histopathological examination was performed on the hepatopancreas and muscle. It was observed that body weight gain was significantly retarded in 100 mg/kg doxycycline group. Doxycycline was found to induce biochemical or functional disorders at 100 mg/kg as observed many of the blood and biochemical parameters were significantly reduced. In conclusion, it was judged that there will be no major toxicity problems with doxycycline when used for shrimp aquaculture at regular doses.

Structural Similarity and Expression Differences of Two Pj-Vg Genes from the Pandalus Shrimp Pandalopsis japonica

  • Jeon, Jeong-Min;Kim, Bo-Kwang;Kim, Young-Ji;Kim, Hyun-Woo
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.22-30
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    • 2011
  • Vitellogenin (Vg) is the precursor of vitellin (Vn), which is the major yolk protein in nearly all oviparous species, including fish, amphibians, reptiles, and most invertebrates. It is one of the most important factors during reproduction, and numerous studies have shown that Vg genes are markers of the reproductive cycle and effecter genes induced by endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Previously, we isolated two distinct cDNAs encoding vitellogenin homologs Pj-Vg1 and Pj-Vg2 from Pandalus shrimp Pandalopsis japonica. In this study, full-length genomic sequences of Pj-Vg1 and Pj-Vg2 were determined using a PCR-based genome walking strategy. Isolated Pj-Vg1 and Pj-Vg2 genes were 11,910 and 11,850 bp long, respectively. Both Pj-Vg genes had 15 exons and 14 introns, and the splicing sites were also the same, suggesting that they arose via gene duplication. The similar structural characteristics of decapod Vg genes suggest that they are all orthologs that evolved from the same ancestral gene. Analysis of Pj-Vg1 and Pj-Vg2 expression revealed that the relative copy numbers of Pj-Vg1 and Pj-Vg2 were similar in the hepatopancreas, whereas Pj-Vg2 transcripts were also detected in the ovary. Expression of both Pj-Vg genes was induced in hepatopancreas of mature individuals, whereas only Pj-Vg2 transcripts were upregulated in the ovaries from mature animals, suggesting that both Pj-Vgs are important for oocyte development. A strong positive correlation was found between Pj-Vg1 and Pj-Vg2 transcripts in the same individual, indicating they are under the same control mechanisms. Additionally, a positive correlation was found between ovarian and hepatopancreatic Pj-Vg2 transcripts, suggesting that its dual expression is regulated by similar physiological conditions. Knowledge of the similarities and differences between the two vitellogenin-like genes, Pj-Vg1 and Pj-Vg2, would help us to understand their roles in reproduction and other physiological effects.