• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.658-662
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Schizandra chinensis extract on the serum and hepatic lipids inhyperlipidemic rats fed with high-fat diet. The Schizandra chinensis extract decreased significantly in total serum cholesterol, serum triacylglycerol and heptic triacylglycerol but not in the total hepatic cholesterol. The Schizandra chinensis extract also decreased in very low density lipoprotein increased by the highfat diet without affecting high density lipoprotein cholesterol. These results suggest that Schizandra chinensis extract may be benificial for the regulation of hyperlipidemia.

• 한국수의병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수의병리학회 2003년도 추계학술대회초록집
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• pp.17-17
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• 2003

Accumulation of cholesterol may occur due to liver injury like hepatic steatosis and fibrosis as well as athrosclerosis and coronary heart disease. The aim of this study was search for protective effect of active ceramic water on experimental hepatic injury induced by high cholesterol diet(containing 1.0 ％ cholesterol and 0.3 ％ sodium cholate) in rats. (omitted)

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1310-1317
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• 2003

본 논문은 타우린 및 콜레스테롤이 체내 항산화체계 및 지질과산화물농도에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 흰쥐를 대상으로 콜레스테롤(1.5%) 및 타우린(1.5%)이 첨가된 식이로 5주간 사육하였으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫 번째로 혈장의 MDA 농도는 콜레스테롤 또는 타우린 첨가에 의해 유의한 영향을 받지 않은 반면, 간조직의 MDA 농도는 HCD군에서 CD군에 비해 70% 유의하게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 고콜레스테롤식이에 타우린을 첨가해 준 결과 간조직의 지질과산화물 농도가 HCD군에 비해 유의하게 감소한 반면(p<0.05),콜레스테롤을 섭취하지 않는 상태에서 타우린을 첨가한 HTD군의 경우에는 간조직 MDA 농도가 대조군(CD)과 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않아 식이내 타우린 첨가가 간의 지질과산화물 농도에 미치는 영향은 콜레스테롤 섭취수준에 의해 그 결과가 상이하게 나타남을 알 수 있었다. 두 번째, 혈장 및 간조직 의 GSH-Px 활성 은 식이내 콜레스테롤 및 타우린 첨가에 의해 유의한 영향을 받지 않았다. 간조직의 총SOD활성은 타우린 첨가에 의해 감소되었으며 (p<0.05), HTD군에서 CD군에 비해 유의하게 감소하였고 (p<0.05), HCHTD군의 경우에는 HCD군에 비해 감소하는 경향을 보였으나, 통계적 유의성은 나타나지 않았다. 세 번째, 혈장 및 간조직의 지질과산화물농도, 항산화효소 활성, 콜레스테롤 및 타우린농도와의 상관관계를 평가한 결과, 혈장 총콜레스테롤농도는 간조직의 콜레스테롤농도와 매우 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.712 p<0.001). 혈장(r=0.399, p < 0.05) 또는 간조직의 콜레스테롤농도(r=0.429, p <0.05)는 간조직의 MDA농도와 유의한 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 혈장 타우린농도는 간조직의 GSH-Px 활성과는 유의하지는 않지만 음의 상관관계(r=-0.188, p > 0.05)를, 그리고 간조직의 SOD활성과는 유의적인 음의 상관관계(r=-0.481,p < 0.01)를 나타냈다. 한편, 간조직의 총 SOD 활성은 간조직의 GSH-Px 활성과 유의한 양의 상관관계 (r=0.554, p<0.001)를 나타내, 두가지 항산화효소의 활성이 서로 밀접하게 연관되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 콜레스테롤이 산화촉진제로 작용하여 조직의 지질과산화가 촉진된 상황에서 타우린의 보충섭취가 간조직의 SOD 활성을 감소시키고 MDA 수준을 유의하게 감소시킨 본 연구의 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 산화적 손상을 초래하지 않는 안전한 혈중 지질저하제로서 타우린의 이용 가능성이 전망된다.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2006

The present study examined the effect of soy isoflavones on lipid metabolism in growing female rats. Rats were randomly assigned to three different groups and provided experimental diets for 9 weeks. The experimental groups were classified into 1) a control group, 2) a soy protein isolate group: soy (+)) group and 3) a soy protein concentration group: soy (-)) group. Diets contained either casein or one of two soy proteins with (soy (+)) or without isoflavones (soy (-)). Serum triglyceride concentration showed no significant differences among the experimental groups. Serum total cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in both the soy (+) and soy (-) groups than in the control group and LDL-cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in the soy (+). Serum HDL-cholesterol concentration was significantly higher in the control group than in the soy protein groups but the HDL-cholesterol share rate in total cholesterol tended to be lower in the control group than in the soy protein groups, insignificant as it was. Hepatic IDL receptor mRNA level was significantly increased in the soy (+) group when compared to the other two groups to be 20% higher than the control group. In conclusion, soy protein isolate, soy protein rich with isoflavones reduced serum total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentration and increased hepatic IDL receptor mRNA expression in growing female rats. Therefore, it is considered that the intake of soy isoflvones during puberty can be advantageous in terms of the long-tenn control of serum lipid.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1253-1261
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• 1998

Effects of dietary cholesterol and taurine supplementation on hepatic total and phospholipid fatty acid compositions were evaluated in rats fed one of the following semisynthetic diets for 5 weeks : control diet(CD, cholesterol free and taurine free diet); high cholesterol diet(HCD, CD＋1.5% cho lesterol); high cholesterol, high taurine diet(HCHTD, HCD＋1.5% taurine). Diet induced changes in hepatic total fatty acid compositions were very similar to those in hepatic phospholipid fatty acid compositions. The HCD significantly decreased the percentage of total saturated fatty acids(SFA), and increased the percentage of total monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA) of hepatic total lipids and phospholipids as compared to the values for the control rats(p<0.001). HCHTD significantly elevated the percentage of $\Sigma$SFA and lowered the percentage of $\Sigma$MUFA compared to the values for the HCD(p<0.001). Percentages of hepatic total and phospholipid 18:3$\omega$3, 20:5$\omega$3, 18:2$\omega$6 and 20:3$\omega$6 were significantly higher in rats fed the HCD than the values for the control rats, and the percentages of their elongation and desaturation products(22:5$\omega$3, 22:6$\omega$3, 20:4$\omega$6, 22l:4$\omega$6 and 22: 5$\omega$6) were significantly lower in rats fed the HCD compared to those for the control rats. HCD significantly lowered the Δ5 desaturation(20:3$\omega$6⇒20:4$\omega$6) and Δ4 desaturation(22:4$\omega$6⇒22:5$\omega$6) indices, and the elongation index of $\omega$3 fatty acid(20:5 $\omega$3⇒22:5$\omega$3) in rat liver. HCHTD reversed the cholesterol induced changes in the compositions of $\omega$3 and $\omega$6 fatty acids. These results suggest the possibility that dietary cholesterol and taurine supplementations affect plasma and liver lipid levels, at least in part, by changing the hepatic phospholipid fatty acid compositions and thereby modulating the physical characteristics of the membrane and the activities of microsomal enzymes involved in lipid metabolism.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.990-996
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Forsythia viridissima Lindl. (FVL) on antioxidative defense system and lipid peroxidation of liver in rats fed high-cholesterol diet. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 100 $\pm$ 10 g were randomly assigned into five experimental groups fed 0.5％ cholesterol ; HC group which was not supplemented FVL extract, 0.05％ methanol extract diet group (MSI group), 0.1％ methanol extract diet group (MS2 group), 0.025％ ethylacetate-souble fraction diet group (ES1 group) and 0.05％ ethylacetate-souble fraction diet group (ES2 group). Experimental diets were fed ad libitum to the rats for 3 weeks. The hepatic xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity in the MS2 group was decreased to 20％ as compared to HC group. The activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were not significantly different among all the high cholesterol diet groups. The hepatic glutathione peroxidase (GSHpx) activity in MS2, ES2 groups were significantly increased as compared to HC group. The hepatic glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in the MS2 group was increased to 20％ as compared to HC group. The levels of hepatic TBARS in the MS1, MS2, ES1 and ES2 groups were reduced by 13％, 21％, 13％ and 21％, respectively, as compared with HC group. The contents of lipofuscin in liver tissue was not significantly different among all the experimental groups. The results indicate that FVL extract may reduce oxidative damage by activating antioxidative defense system of liver in rats fed high-cholesterol diets.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.265-270
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• 2001

The effects of Cordyceps militaris on the weight gain, the food intake, the food efficient ratio, and the lipid concentrations of serum, liver, pancreas, heart and aorta in male rats fed cholesterol diet were studied. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were received 4 types of diets for 4 weeks, respectively : a normal diet(without cholesterol), a control diet(hypercholesterolemic diet), a hypercholesterolemic diet supplemented with 3% fruiting body of Cordyceps militaris(CF), a hypercholesterolemic diet supplemented with 3% mycelium of Cordyceps militaris(CM). The body weight gain of rats fed the control diet were significantly increased compared to those of the rats fed diets with CF or CM. But, the hepatic and pancreatic weights of rats fed diets with CF or CM were heavier than those of rats fed the normal diet. In serum of rats fed the CM diet, the concentrations of total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol and the atherogenic index were significantly lower than those of rats fed the control diet. Also, serum HDL-cholesterol concentration and HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio were significantly lower in rats fed the control, CF or CM diets than those in rats fed the normal diet. Whereas, the hepatic concentrations of the total lipid, the total cholesterol and the triglyceride were significantly higher in rats fed 3 hypercholesterolemic diets than those in the rats fed normal diet. The heart and pancreatic concentrations of total cholesterol were the highest in the rats fed diet with the CR among rats fed experimental diets. In conclusion, the CM feeding decreased the concentrations of the cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL-cholesterol and the atherogenic index in the serum of the rats. But the CF or CM feeding could not decrease the hepatic concentrations of the total lipid, cholesterol, triglyceride in the rats fed hypercholesterolemic diets. (Korean J Nutrition 34(3) : 265∼270, 2001)

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.214-219
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• 1996

This study was done to investigate effects of n-s fatty acids and vitamin E supplement on the preneoplastic hepatic enzyme altered foci and cholesterol metabolism in experimental hepatocarcinogenesis system. Weaning male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed the diet containing either 15% corn oil(CO) or sardine oil(SO) with or without vitamin E 800IU supplementation for 12 weeks. After two weeks of feeding, rats were intraper-itoneally injected with a single dose of diethylnitrosamine(DEN:200mg/kg, BW). At the 4th week, rats were given the diet containing 0.02% acetylaminofluorene(AAF) for next 4 weeks. At the 6th Week, 0.05% pheno-barbital was incorporated into diet for 6 weeks. At the end of 12th week, rats were sacrificed and hepatic glutathions S-transferase placental form positive(GST_{TEX}$P^{+}${/TEX}) foci and serum and liver cholesterol levels were determined. GST_{TEX}$P^{+}${/TEX} formation was significantly decreased by SO feeding when compared with Co feeding but it tended to be enhanced by vitamin E supplementation. Histopathological changes were similar to patterns of GST_{TEX}$P^{+}${/TEX} formation in almost all dietary groups. Serum and hepatic cholesterol levels of SO fed groups were significantly lower than those of CO fed groups. Carcinogen treatments significantly increased serum and liver cholesterol levels in CO fed groups but not in SO fed groups. Correlation data showed a positive correlation(${\gamma}$=0.83, p<0.01) between serum cholesterol level GST_{TEX}$P^{+}${/TEX} foci area. These results indicate that sardine oil as a m-3 fatty acid source may have a reducing effect in rat hepatocarcinogenesis by the altheration of cholesterol metabolism.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2010

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of ethanol extracts from red pepper seeds on the antioxidative defense system and oxidative stress in rats fed a high fat high cholesterol diet. Rats were divided into four experimental groups which were composed of high fat high cholesterol diet group (HF), high fat high cholesterol diet with 0.1% ethanol extracts from red pepper seeds supplemented group (HEA), high fat high cholesterol diet with 0.2% ethanol extracts from red pepper seeds supplemented group (HEB) and high fat high cholesterol diet with 0.5% ethanol extracts from red pepper seeds supplemented group (HEC). Supplementation of ethanol extracts from red pepper seeds groups (HEA, HEB and HEC) resulted in significantly increased activities of hepatic glutathione peroxidase and catalase. Hepatic superoxide radical contents in microsome and mitochondria were significantly reduced in the groups supplemented with red pepper seeds ethanol extracts. Hepatic hydrogen peroxide content in the mitochondria was reduced in ethanol extracts from red pepper seeds supplemented groups. TBARS values in the liver were reduced in red pepper seeds ethanol extracts supplemented groups. Especially, HEB and HEC groups were significantly decreased compared to the HF group. Hepatic carbonyl values were significantly reduced in mitochondria in these supplemented groups. These results suggest that red pepper seeds ethanol extracts may reduce oxidative damage, by activation of antioxidative defense system in rats fed high fat high cholesterol diets.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2011

The effect of diet supplementation of Antheraea pernyi (A. pernyi) silk fibroin on the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense status in high fat-fed mice was investigated. The animals were given normal control diet (NC group), high fat diet (HF group), or high fat diet supplemented with A. pernyi silk fibroin powder (HFS group) for 7 weeks. After the experimental period, the HF group showed significant increase in body weight, plasma and hepatic total cholesterol levels, and hepatic triglyceride concentration, and decreased activities of hepatic antioxidant enzymes relative to NC group. However, the HFS group exhibited marked reduction in body weight, plasma cholesterol and hepatic triglyceride levels, hepatic lipogenic enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation rate, and higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level, fecal triglyceride content, and antioxidant enzymes activities compared with that of HF group. These findings demonstrate that dietary feeding of A. pernyi silk fibroin could improve the lipid metabolism and antioxidant defense system via regulation of hepatic antioxidant and lipogenic enzymes activities. Hence, this silk fibroin may be beneficial as a functional biomaterial for the development of therapeutic agent against high fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia and its related diseases.